IELTS Essay Task 1: Australian Workforce
In 1962, approximately 52% of Australians worked in services, a figure far above the next closest sector, manufacturing (27%). From that point onwards, service jobs grew rapidly to reach 72% by 1992 and then growth tapered off and rose more moderately to finish the period at just under 80%. In contrast, manufacturing as an employment option was stable over the first decade before a consistent decline led to a final figure of 10% in 2012.
In terms of the less common jobs, agricultural workers declined at steady intervals from just above 10% in 1962 to a low of 4% in 2012. In comparison, mining and construction jobs were generally stable with minor growth, rising from 9% and 1% to 10% and 2%, respectively.
Analysis
1. In 1962, approximately 52% of Australians worked in services, a figure far above the next closest sector, manufacturing (27%). 2. From that point onwards, service jobs grew rapidly to reach 72% by 1992 and then growth tapered off and rose more moderately to finish the period at just under 80%. 3. In contrast, manufacturing as an employment option was stable over the first decade before a consistent decline led to a final figure of 10% in 2012.
1. In terms of the less common jobs, agricultural workers declined at steady intervals from just above 10% in 1962 to a low of 4% in 2012. 2. In comparison, mining and construction jobs were generally stable with minor growth, rising from 9% and 1% to 10% and 2%, respectively.
Vocabulary
In 1962, approximately 52% of Australians worked in services, a figure far above the next closest sector, manufacturing (27%). From that point onwards, service jobs grew rapidly to reach 72% by 1992 and then growth tapered off and rose more moderately to finish the period at just under 80%. In contrast, manufacturing as an employment option was stable over the first decade before a consistent decline led to a final figure of 10% in 2012.
In terms of the less common jobs, agricultural workers declined at steady intervals from just above 10% in 1962 to a low of 4% in 2012. In comparison, mining and construction jobs were generally stable with minor growth, rising from 9% and 1% to 10% and 2%, respectively.
Answers
according to – as per, in accordance with, based on
industries – sectors, fields, trades
most noticeable growth – significant expansion, prominent increase, marked development
the vast majority of – the overwhelming majority of, the lion’s share of, the bulk of
concentrated in – focused in, centered on, predominantly located in
decline – decrease, drop, downturn
workforce – labor force, employees, personnel
agriculture – farming, cultivation, agronomy
manufacturing – production, fabrication, assembly
slight rises for – marginal increases in, modest growth for, minor upturns in
remaining two industries – the other two sectors, the rest of the industries
approximately – roughly, about, around
a figure far above – a number significantly higher than, a value well beyond
next closest sector – nearest industry, adjacent sector, the following closest field
From that point onwards – From then on, from that moment forward, starting from that point
grew rapidly to reach – expanded swiftly to attain, experienced rapid growth to achieve, developed quickly and reached
growth tapered off – expansion leveled off, increase gradually slowed down, growth decelerated
rose more moderately to finish the period at – increased at a more moderate pace to conclude the period at, grew more steadily and ended the timeframe at
In contrast – On the other hand, conversely, in opposition
employment option – job opportunity, career choice, work alternative
stable – steady, consistent, unchanging
first decade – initial ten years, opening period, the initial phase
before a consistent decline – prior to a continuous decrease, preceding a steady downturn, before a sustained drop
led to – resulted in, caused, brought about
a final figure of – a concluding number of, a last value of, a ultimate figure of
In terms of – With regard to, concerning, regarding
In comparison – By comparison, when comparing, contrasted with
mining – extraction, excavation, mining industry
construction – building, erection, construction sector
generally stable – mostly consistent, predominantly steady, largely unchanging
minor growth – slight expansion, modest increase, marginal development
rising from – increasing from, ascending from, going up from
Pronunciation
Practice saying the vocabulary below and use this tip about Google voice search:
əˈkɔːdɪŋ tuː
ˈɪndəstriz
ˈlʊkɪŋ frɒm ən ˌəʊvəˈrɔːl pəˈspɛktɪv, ɪt ɪz ˈrɛdɪli əˈpærᵊnt ðæt
məʊst ˈnəʊtɪsəbᵊl ɡrəʊθ
ðə vɑːst məˈʤɒrəti ɒv
ˈkɒnsᵊntreɪtɪd ɪn
dɪˈklaɪn
ˈwɜːkˌfɔːs
ˈæɡrɪkʌlʧə
ˌmænjəˈfækʧərɪŋ
slaɪt ˈraɪzɪz fɔː
rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ tuː ˈɪndəstriz
əˈprɒksɪmətli
ə ˈfɪɡə fɑːr əˈbʌv
nɛkst ˈkləʊzɪst ˈsɛktə
frɒm ðæt pɔɪnt ˈɒnwədz
ɡruː ˈræpɪdli tuː riːʧ
ɡrəʊθ ˈteɪpəd ɒf
rəʊz mɔː ˈmɒdᵊrətli tuː ˈfɪnɪʃ ðə ˈpɪəriəd æt
ɪn ˈkɒntrɑːst
ɪmˈplɔɪmənt ˈɒpʃᵊn
ˈsteɪbᵊl
fɜːst ˈdɛkeɪd
bɪˈfɔːr ə kənˈsɪstᵊnt dɪˈklaɪn
lɛd tuː
ə ˈfaɪnᵊl ˈfɪɡər ɒv
ɪn tɜːmz ɒv
ɪn kəmˈpærɪsᵊn,
ˈmaɪnɪŋ
kənˈstrʌkʃᵊn
ˈʤɛnᵊrᵊli ˈsteɪbᵊl
ˈmaɪnə ɡrəʊθ
ˈraɪzɪŋ frɒm
Vocabulary Practice
In 1962, a_________________y 52% of Australians worked in services, a___________________e the n_________________r, manufacturing (27%). F__________________________s, service jobs g_____________________h 72% by 1992 and then g____________________f and r_______________________________________________t just under 80%. I___________t, manufacturing as an e_________________n was stable over the f_______________e b_________________________e l_________________________f 10% in 2012.
I____________f the less common jobs, agricultural workers declined at steady intervals from just above 10% in 1962 to a low of 4% in 2012. I_______________n, m______g and c_____________n jobs were g_______________e with m_______________h, r____________m 9% and 1% to 10% and 2%, respectively.
Listening Practice
Reading Practice
https://mothership.sg/2023/12/quit-job-new-zealand-regrets/
Speaking Practice
Work
Do you like your job?
What do you find most interesting about your work/job?
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