This is my IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay based on a recent Cambridge IELTS 21 book on the topic of theaters and cinemas no longer being as important.
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Some people say that in the modern age, theaters and cinemas are no longer as important as people can watch all the entertainment they want on the internet. Others argue that these theatres and cinemas are still crucial both economically and culturally.
Discuss both views and your own opinion.
Many people argue that theatres and cinemas have become obsolete because audiences can stream unlimited entertainment at home. However, others believe these venues continue to play an essential economic and cultural role. Although online platforms are more convenient, I believe theatres and cinemas remain integral for society.
Those who believe these venues are no longer necessary point to the rapid growth of streaming services. Platforms such as Netflix, Disney+, and YouTube provide thousands of films, documentaries, and live performances for a small monthly subscription, allowing viewers to watch whenever they want. For example, a family can watch a newly released movie at home on a large television for far less than the cost of four cinema tickets, transport, and refreshments. As internet speeds improve and smart televisions become more common, home entertainment has become an increasingly attractive alternative.
Nevertheless, theatres and cinemas continue to make valuable contributions that online services cannot fully replicate. Economically, large cinemas employ projectionists, cleaners, ticket staff, and managers while attracting customers to nearby restaurants and shopping centres. Culturally, live theatre creates a unique experience through direct interaction between performers and audiences. For instance, London’s West End welcomes millions of visitors each year, generating billions of pounds for the local economy while preserving classic productions such as Les Misérables and The Phantom of the Opera. Similarly, independent cinemas often host local film festivals that introduce audiences to domestic filmmakers who receive little exposure on global streaming platforms.
Overall, I believe theatres and cinemas will continue to play a key role despite the growth of digital entertainment. Their unique social, cultural, and economic benefits ensure they remain valuable alongside, rather than replaced by, online services.
Analysis
1. Many people argue that theatres and cinemas have become obsolete because audiences can stream unlimited entertainment at home. 2. However, others believe these venues continue to play an essential economic and cultural role. Although online platforms are more convenient, I believe theatres and cinemas remain integral for society.
Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.
1. Those who believe these venues are no longer necessary point to the rapid growth of streaming services. 2. Platforms such as Netflix, Disney+, and YouTube provide thousands of films, documentaries, and live performances for a small monthly subscription, allowing viewers to watch whenever they want. 3. For example, a family can watch a newly released movie at home on a large television for far less than the cost of four cinema tickets, transport, and refreshments. 4. As internet speeds improve and smart televisions become more common, home entertainment has become an increasingly attractive alternative.
Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
Explain your main idea.
Develop it with specific or hypothetical examples.
Keep developing it fully.
1. Nevertheless, theatres and cinemas continue to make valuable contributions that online services cannot fully replicate. 2. Economically, large cinemas employ projectionists, cleaners, ticket staff, and managers while attracting customers to nearby restaurants and shopping centres. 3. Culturally, live theatre creates a unique experience through direct interaction between performers and audiences. 4. For instance, London’s West End welcomes millions of visitors each year, generating billions of pounds for the local economy while preserving classic productions such as Les Misérables and The Phantom of the Opera. 5. Similarly, independent cinemas often host local film festivals that introduce audiences to domestic filmmakers who receive little exposure on global streaming platforms.
Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
Explain your new main idea.
Include specific details and examples.
Add as much information as you can and make sure it links logically.
This essay is a bit long – aim for about 275 words.
1. Overall, I believe theatres and cinemas will continue to play a key role despite the growth of digital entertainment. 2. Their unique social, cultural, and economic benefits ensure they remain valuable alongside, rather than replaced by, online services.
Summarise your main ideas.
Include a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
Many people argue that theatres and cinemas have become obsolete because audiences can stream unlimited entertainment at home. However, others believe these venues continue to play an essential economic and cultural role. Although online platforms are more convenient, I believe theatres and cinemas remain integral for society.
Those who believe these venues are no longer necessary point to the rapid growth of streaming services. Platforms such as Netflix, Disney+, and YouTube provide thousands of films, documentaries, and live performances for a small monthly subscription, allowing viewers to watch whenever they want. For example, a family can watch a newly released movie at home on a large television for far less than the cost of four cinema tickets, transport, and refreshments. As internet speeds improve and smart televisions become more common, home entertainment has become an increasingly attractive alternative.
Nevertheless, theatres and cinemas continue to make valuable contributions that online services cannot fully replicate. Economically, large cinemas employ projectionists, cleaners, ticket staff, and managers while attracting customers to nearby restaurants and shopping centres. Culturally, live theatre creates a unique experience through direct interaction between performers and audiences. For instance, London’s West End welcomes millions of visitors each year, generating billions of pounds for the local economy while preserving classic productions such as Les Misérables and The Phantom of the Opera. Similarly, independent cinemas often host local film festivals that introduce audiences to domestic filmmakers who receive little exposure on global streaming platforms.
Overall, I believe theatres and cinemas will continue to play a key role despite the growth of digital entertainment. Their unique social, cultural, and economic benefits ensure they remain valuable alongside, rather than replaced by, online services.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
Original
Synonymous phrase
theatres and cinemas
theatres and movie houses
obsolete
outdated and unnecessary
audiences
spectators
stream unlimited entertainment at home
access unlimited entertainment from home
venues
entertainment locations
play an essential economic and cultural role
serve an important economic and cultural function
online platforms
digital services
convenient
easy and practical
remain integral for society
continue to be an important part of society
no longer necessary point to the rapid growth of streaming services
no longer needed, citing the rapid expansion of streaming services
Platforms
services
documentaries
non-fiction films
live performances
in-person performances
a small monthly subscription
a modest monthly fee
viewers
audience members
watch a newly released movie at home on a large television
view a recently released film at home on a large screen
far less than
considerably less than
transport
travel
refreshments
food and drinks
As internet speeds improve
As internet connections become faster
smart televisions
internet-connected televisions
become an increasingly attractive alternative
become an increasingly appealing option
make valuable contributions
provide significant benefits
cannot fully replicate
cannot completely reproduce
Economically
From an economic perspective
employ projectionists
provide jobs for projectionists
ticket staff
ticketing employees
managers
administrative staff
attracting customers to nearby restaurants and shopping centres
bringing customers to surrounding restaurants and shopping areas
Culturally
From a cultural perspective
creates a unique experience through direct interaction between performers and audiences
offers a distinctive experience through direct contact between performers and spectators
welcomes millions of visitors each year
receives millions of visitors annually
generating
creating
the local economy
the surrounding economy
preserving classic productions
protecting traditional productions
Similarly
In the same way
independent cinemas
small privately operated cinemas
host local film festivals that introduce audiences to domestic filmmakers
organise local film festivals that showcase national filmmakers to audiences
receive little exposure on global streaming platforms
gain limited visibility on international streaming services
play a key role despite
remain important despite
growth of digital entertainment
expansion of digital entertainment
unique social, cultural, and economic benefits ensure
distinctive social, cultural, and economic advantages mean that they will
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
Many people argue that theatres ____ cinemas have become o________e because a________s can stream _____________________ home. However, others believe these v_______s continue to play ________________________________ role. Although online ________s are more c___________t, I believe theatres and cinemas remain __________ society.
Those who believe these venues are no l__________________________________________ streaming services. P________s such as Netflix, Disney+, and YouTube provide thousands of films, d_________s, and live ___________s for a small ___________ subscription, allowing v_______s to watch whenever they want. For example, a family can watch ______________________________________ large television for far ______ than the cost of four cinema tickets, t______t, and r_________s. As_________________ improve and smart _________s become more common, home entertainment has become ________________ alternative.
Nevertheless, theatres and cinemas continue to make ________ contributions that online services cannot _______ replicate. E____________y, large cinemas employ____________s, cleaners, ticket ________f, and m_________s while attracting ________________________________ centres. C__________y, live theatre creates ________________________________________________________ audiences. For instance, London’s West End welcomes _______________________ year, g___________g billions of pounds for the ______ economy while preserving ____________ productions such as Les Misérables and The Phantom of the Opera. S_______y, ______________ cinemas often host __________________________________________________________ filmmakers who receive _________________________________________________ platforms.
Overall, I believe theatres and cinemas will continue to play ___________ despite the growth _________ entertainment. Their unique __________________________________________ ensure they remain _____________ alongside, rather _______________ by, online _________s.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic by watching from YouTube below and practice with these activities:
In large urban areas, some feel that providing enough homes is best accomplished by building tall apartment blocks.
Do you agree or disagree with this statement?
Many people believe that constructing high-rise apartment buildings is the most effective method to solve housing shortages in major cities. While this approach is not suitable in every situation, I largely agree because it allows governments to house far more people efficiently while protecting valuable land.
The main advantage of tall apartment blocks is they maximize the use of limited urban space. In densely populated cities such as Hong Kong and Singapore, land is scarce and prohibitively expensive, making entire houses unrealistic for most residents. For example, Singapore has built thousands of apartment towers that provide affordable homes for the majority of the country’s population. These developments also include supermarkets, schools, clinics, parks, and public transport links within walking distance, allowing millions of people to enjoy convenient city living without requiring endless suburban expansion.
Furthermore, concentrating housing vertically helps preserve surrounding farmland and natural environments. If cities instead spread outward through low-density housing, forests and agricultural land are often replaced by roads and housing estates. A clear example is Seoul, where clusters of modern apartment towers accommodate large numbers of residents close to subway lines and employment centres. This reduces commuting distances, limits traffic congestion, and leaves nearby mountains and protected green spaces largely untouched, creating a better balance between urban growth and environmental conservation.
Overall, I believe tall apartment buildings remain the best solution for providing enough homes in large cities because they use land efficiently while supporting sustainable urban development. Governments should prioritize high-density construction principles.
Analysis
1. Many people believe that constructing high-rise apartment buildings is the most effective method to solve housing shortages in major cities. 2. While this approach is not suitable in every situation, I largely agree because it allows governments to house far more people efficiently while protecting valuable land.
Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.
1. The main advantage of tall apartment blocks is they maximize the use of limited urban space. 2. In densely populated cities such as Hong Kong and Singapore, land is scarce and prohibitively expensive, making entire houses unrealistic for most residents. 3. For example, Singapore has built thousands of apartment towers that provide affordable homes for the majority of the country’s population. 4. These developments also include supermarkets, schools, clinics, parks, and public transport links within walking distance, allowing millions of people to enjoy convenient city living without requiring endless suburban expansion.
Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
Explain your main idea.
Develop it with specific or hypothetical examples.
Keep developing it fully.
1. Furthermore, concentrating housing vertically helps preserve surrounding farmland and natural environments. 2. If cities instead spread outward through low-density housing, forests and agricultural land are often replaced by roads and housing estates. 3. A clear example is Seoul, where clusters of modern apartment towers accommodate large numbers of residents close to subway lines and employment centres. 4. This reduces commuting distances, limits traffic congestion, and leaves nearby mountains and protected green spaces largely untouched, creating a better balance between urban growth and environmental conservation.
Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
Explain your new main idea.
Include specific details and examples.
Add as much information as you can and make sure it links logically.
1. Overall, I believe tall apartment buildings remain the best solution for providing enough homes in large cities because they use land efficiently while supporting sustainable urban development. 2. Governments should prioritize high-density construction principles.
Summarise your main ideas.
Include a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
Many people believe that constructing high-rise apartment buildings is the most effective method to solve housing shortages in major cities. While this approach is not suitable in every situation, I largely agree because it allows governments to house far more people efficiently while protecting valuable land.
The main advantage of tall apartment blocks is they maximize the use of limited urban space. In densely populated cities such as Hong Kong and Singapore, land is scarce and prohibitively expensive, making entire houses unrealistic for most residents. For example, Singapore has built thousands of apartment towers that provide affordable homes for the majority of the country’s population. These developments also include supermarkets, schools, clinics, parks, and public transport links within walking distance, allowing millions of people to enjoy convenient city living without requiring endless suburban expansion.
Furthermore, concentrating housing vertically helps preserve surrounding farmland and natural environments. If cities instead spread outward through low-density housing, forests and agricultural land are often replaced by roads and housing estates. A clear example is Seoul, where clusters of modern apartment towers accommodate large numbers of residents close to subway lines and employment centres. This reduces commuting distances, limits traffic congestion, and leaves nearby mountains and protected green spaces largely untouched,creating a better balance between urban growth and environmental conservation.
Overall, I believe tall apartment buildings remain the best solution for providing enough homes in large cities because they use land efficiently while supporting sustainable urban development. Governments should prioritize high-density construction principles.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
constructing high-rise apartment buildings
building tall residential towers
developing high-rise housing
erecting apartment blocks
constructing multi-storey residential buildings
the most effective method
the best way
the most practical solution
the most efficient approach
the optimal strategy
solve housing shortages
address the lack of housing
tackle housing shortages
ease the housing crisis
meet housing demand
major cities
large urban areas
metropolitan cities
densely populated cities
urban centres
not suitable in every situation
not appropriate in all cases
not the ideal solution everywhere
unsuitable under all circumstances
not universally applicable
house far more people efficiently
accommodate many more residents effectively
provide homes for a much larger population
maximize housing capacity
shelter significantly more people
protecting valuable land
preserving scarce land
conserving limited land resources
preventing unnecessary land use
safeguarding valuable space
maximize the use of limited urban space
make the best use of scarce city land
optimize limited urban land
use available city space efficiently
fully utilize restricted urban areas
densely populated cities
highly populated cities
heavily populated urban areas
crowded metropolitan areas
cities with high population density
land is scarce
available land is limited
there is little vacant land
land is in short supply
developable land is restricted
prohibitively expensive
extremely costly
unaffordable for most people
excessively expensive
very high-priced
provide affordable homes
offer reasonably priced housing
supply affordable accommodation
make housing accessible
deliver low-cost housing
the majority of the country’s population
most residents
the bulk of the population
the vast majority of citizens
most of the nation’s inhabitants
public transport links
public transportation networks
transit connections
transport infrastructure
mass transit systems
within walking distance
easily reached on foot
a short walk away
close by
conveniently accessible
convenient city living
a convenient urban lifestyle
comfortable urban living
easy access to city amenities
practical metropolitan living
endless suburban expansion
uncontrolled urban sprawl
continuous suburban growth
outward city expansion
sprawling suburbs
concentrating housing vertically
building upward rather than outward
increasing vertical development
developing high-rise housing
accommodating residents in taller buildings
preserve surrounding farmland
protect nearby agricultural land
conserve farmland
safeguard agricultural areas
prevent the loss of farmland
natural environments
natural habitats
the natural landscape
ecosystems
surrounding nature
low-density housing
detached housing developments
spread-out residential areas
sparsely developed housing
suburban housing
housing estates
residential developments
housing developments
residential neighbourhoods
suburban communities
accommodate large numbers of residents
house many people
provide homes for a large population
support a high population
contain thousands of residents
employment centres
business districts
commercial hubs
major workplaces
job centres
reduces commuting distances
shortens travel to work
cuts commuting times
decreases journey lengths
minimizes travel distances
limits traffic congestion
reduces traffic jams
eases road congestion
alleviates heavy traffic
decreases vehicle congestion
protected green spaces
conserved green areas
protected parks
preserved natural spaces
safeguarded open spaces
urban growth
city expansion
urban development
metropolitan growth
city development
environmental conservation
environmental protection
nature conservation
protecting the environment
ecological preservation
supporting sustainable urban development
promoting sustainable city growth
encouraging environmentally friendly urban development
supporting sustainable urban development /səˈpɔːtɪŋ səˈsteɪnəbl ˈɜːbən dɪˈveləpmənt/
prioritize high-density construction principles /praɪˈɒrətaɪz ˌhaɪ ˈdensəti kənˈstrʌkʃən ˈprɪnsəplz/
Vocabulary Practice
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
Many people believe that constructing _____________________ buildings is the most_________________________________________________________ cities. While_________________________ situation, I largely __________ because it allows governments to house ________________________ efficiently while protecting ____________ land.
The _______________________ of tall apartment blocks is they maximize ___________________________ space. In ____________ populated cities __________ as Hong Kong and Singapore, land is scarce and p______________ expensive, making entire ________________unrealistic for most __________s. For example, Singapore has built______________________ towers that provide_________________________________________________________________population. These developments also include supermarkets, schools, c_______s, parks, and public ________________________________________________ distance, allowing millions of people to enjoy _________________________________________________________ expansion.
Furthermore, concentrating housing vertically helps preserve __________________________________ environments. If cities instead spread_______________________ housing, forests and agricultural land are often replaced _______________________ estates. A clear example is Seoul, where c____s of modern apartment towers accommodate ________________________________________________________ employment centres. This reduces __________________ distances, limits _________ congestion, and leaves nearby mountains and protected ______________________ untouched,creating _______________________________________ conservation.
Overall, I believe tall apartment buildings remain_________________ for providing enough homes in large cities because they use l_________________________________________________________ development. Governments should prioritize ________________________ principles.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic by watching from YouTube below and practice with these activities:
Many people don’t feel safe either when they are at home or when they go out.
What are the reasons for this?
What can be done to solve this problem?
Many people today report feeling unsafe both in their own homes and in public spaces. This anxiety stems from rising exposure to crime through media and real experiences of social disorder. Although the problem is complex, practical measures by governments can significantly improve public confidence and safety.
The major reasons for this fear are constant exposure to crime-related content and entrenched inequality. Twenty-four-hour news channels and social media platforms frequently highlight violent incidents, home invasions, and random attacks, even if these events are statistically rare. For example, after widely reported knife crimes in cities like London, many residents began installing surveillance cameras and avoiding public transport at night, despite overall crime rates declining in most boroughs. In addition, economic inequality and unemployment can contribute to higher levels of theft and burglary in certain neighborhoods, making people feel vulnerable even inside gated apartment complexes. Poor street lighting, abandoned buildings, and limited police presence further intensify the perception that no area is truly secure.
To address this issue, governments should focus on both prevention and reassurance. Increasing visible community policing, as seen in parts of Tokyo with its local “koban” police boxes, can deter petty crime and create a sense of approachability between officers and residents. Investment in urban design is also crucial: better lighting, functional CCTV systems, and well-maintained public spaces reduce opportunities for crime. As an extension, social policies that tackle root causes, such as job training programs for unemployed youth and mental health support, can prevent criminal behavior before it occurs. These combined efforts will produce the most effective, longest-lasting results.
In conclusion, fear of crime is fueled by media exposure, social inequality, and visible disorder. However, through improved policing, smarter urban planning, and stronger social support systems, governments can foster safer environments and restore public trust.
Analysis
1. Many people today report feeling unsafe both in their own homes and in public spaces. 2. This anxiety stems from rising exposure to crime through media and real experiences of social disorder. 3. Although the problem is complex, practical measures by governments can significantly improve public confidence and safety.
Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.
Generally write 2 sentences but 3 is ok for the introduction.
1. The major reasons for this fear are constant exposure to crime-related content and entrenched inequality. 2. Twenty-four-hour news channels and social media platforms frequently highlight violent incidents, home invasions, and random attacks, even if these events are statistically rare. 3. For example, after widely reported knife crimes in cities like London, many residents began installing surveillance cameras and avoiding public transport at night, despite overall crime rates declining in most boroughs. 4. In addition, economic inequality and unemployment can contribute to higher levels of theft and burglary in certain neighborhoods, making people feel vulnerable even inside gated apartment complexes. 5. Poor street lighting, abandoned buildings, and limited police presence further intensify the perception that no area is truly secure.
Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
Explain your main idea.
Develop it with specific or hypothetical examples.
Keep developing it fully.
Better to have more detail.
1. To address this issue, governments should focus on both prevention and reassurance. 2. Increasing visible community policing, as seen in parts of Tokyo with its local “koban” police boxes, can deter petty crime and create a sense of approachability between officers and residents. 3. Investment in urban design is also crucial: better lighting, functional CCTV systems, and well-maintained public spaces reduce opportunities for crime. 4. As an extension, social policies that tackle root causes, such as job training programs for unemployed youth and mental health support, can prevent criminal behavior before it occurs. 5. These combined efforts will produce the most effective, longest-lasting results.
Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
Explain your new main idea.
Include specific details and examples.
Add as much information as you can and make sure it links logically.
This essay is a bit long – aim for about 275 words.
1. In conclusion, fear of crime is fueled by media exposure, social inequality, and visible disorder. 2. However, through improved policing, smarter urban planning, and stronger social support systems, governments can foster safer environments and restore public trust.
Summarise your main ideas.
Include a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
Many people today report feeling unsafe both in their own homes and in public spaces. This anxiety stems from rising exposure to crime through media and real experiences of social disorder. Although the problem is complex, practical measures by governments can significantly improve public confidence and safety.
The major reasons for this fear are constant exposure to crime-related content and entrenched inequality. Twenty-four-hour news channels and social media platforms frequently highlight violent incidents, home invasions, and random attacks, even if these events are statistically rare. For example, after widely reported knife crimes in cities like London, many residents began installing surveillance cameras and avoiding public transport at night, despite overall crime rates declining in most boroughs. In addition, economic inequality and unemployment can contribute to higher levels of theft and burglary in certain neighborhoods, making people feel vulnerable even inside gated apartment complexes. Poor street lighting, abandoned buildings, and limited police presence further intensify the perception that no area is truly secure.
To address this issue, governments should focus on both prevention and reassurance. Increasing visible community policing, as seen in parts of Tokyo with its local “koban” police boxes, can deter petty crime and create a sense of approachability between officers and residents. Investment in urban design is also crucial: better lighting, functional CCTV systems, and well-maintained public spaces reduce opportunities for crime. As an extension, social policies that tackle root causes, such as job training programs for unemployed youth and mental health support, can prevent criminal behavior before it occurs. These combined efforts will produce the most effective, longest-lasting results.
In conclusion, fear of crime is fueled by media exposure, social inequality, and visible disorder. However, through improved policing, smarter urban planning, and stronger social support systems, governments can foster safer environments and restore public trust.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
report feeling unsafe – express a sense of insecurity
their own homes – their private residences
in public spaces – in communal areas
This anxiety stems from rising exposure to – This concern arises from increased exposure to
media – mass communication outlets
real experiences of social disorder – direct encounters with public disturbance
complex – multifaceted
practical measures by governments – concrete government actions
significantly improve public confidence and safety – greatly enhance societal trust and security
The major reasons for this fear – The primary causes of this concern
constant exposure to crime-related content – continual contact with reports of criminal activity
social media platforms frequently highlight violent incidents – online networks often emphasize acts of violence
home invasions – residential break-ins
random attacks – unprovoked assaults
even if these events are statistically rare – although such incidents are uncommon in statistical terms
after widely reported knife crimes in – following extensively covered stabbings in
many residents began installing surveillance cameras and avoiding public transport at night – numerous inhabitants started setting up security cameras and refraining from nighttime transit use
despite overall crime rates declining in most boroughs – notwithstanding a general decrease in offences across many districts
economic inequality – income disparity
contribute to higher levels of theft and burglary in certain neighborhoods – lead to increased rates of stealing and break-ins in particular areas
feel vulnerable – experience a sense of exposure to harm
inside gated apartment complexes – within secured residential compounds
Poor street lighting – inadequate illumination on roads
abandoned buildings – derelict properties
limited police presence further intensify the perception that no area is truly secure – insufficient law enforcement visibility heightens the belief that nowhere is completely safe
To address this issue – To tackle this problem
focus on both prevention and reassurance – concentrate on deterrence and public reassurance
Increasing visible community policing – Expanding noticeable neighborhood patrols
local “koban” police boxes – small community-based police posts
deter petty crime – discourage minor offences
create a sense of approachability between officers and residents – foster closer rapport between police and the public
Investment in urban design – Funding improvements in city planning
crucial – essential
better lighting – enhanced illumination
functional CCTV systems – operational surveillance cameras
well-maintained public spaces – properly cared-for communal areas
reduce opportunities for crime – limit chances for criminal activity
As an extension – Furthermore
job training programs for unemployed youth and mental health support – vocational schemes for jobless young people alongside psychological assistance
prevent criminal behavior before it occurs – stop unlawful conduct prior to its emergence
These combined efforts – Such coordinated measures
produce the most effective – yield the greatest impact
longest-lasting results – most enduring outcomes
fear of crime is fueled by – anxiety about crime is driven by
social inequality – societal disparity
visible disorder – observable signs of neglect
through improved policing – by enhancing law enforcement
smarter urban planning – more strategic city development
stronger social support systems – more robust welfare networks
foster safer environments and restore public trust – cultivate more secure surroundings and rebuild community confidence
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
Many people today report ________ unsafe both in their _______ homes and in ______ spaces. This anxiety ____________ exposure to crime through m_____a and real _____________disorder. Although the problem is c________x, practical ____________governments can significantly _____________________________ safety.
The_____________________ fear are constant _______________________ content and entrenched _________y. Twenty-four-hour ______ channels and social ________________________________ incidents, home_________s, and random _______s, even ______________________________ rare. For example, after _______________________ in cities like London, many ___________________________________________________________________________________________ night, despite_______________________________________ boroughs. In addition, economic___________y and unemployment can contribute to_____________________________________ neighborhoods, making people feel ________e even inside _________________ complexes. Poor __________ lighting, abandoned_________s, and limited _________________________________________________________ secure.
To ________________ issue, governments should focus ___________________ reassurance. Increasing __________________ policing, as seen in parts of Tokyo with its local _____________ boxes, can deter _______crime and create __________________________________ residents. Investment __________ design is also crucial: better __________, functional ______________, and _____________________________________________ opportunities for crime. As ____extension, social policies that tackle root causes, such as job ____________________________________________________________support, can prevent __________________________ occurs. These _____________efforts will produce _________________, longest-lasting results.
In conclusion, fear _________________ by media exposure, social __________y, and visible __________r. However, through _______________policing, smarter ___________planning, and stronger ______________ systems, governments can foster _____________________________ trust.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic by watching from YouTube below and practice with these activities:
Some countries are struggling with increases in crime rates. Some believe that having more police on the streets is best way to reduce and combat crime.
It is a natural process that animal species such as dinosaurs become extinct. There is no reason for people to prevent this from happening.
Do you agree or disagree?
Some people believe that animal extinction is a natural process and that humans should not attempt to prevent it. Others argue that people have a responsibility to protect endangered species. This essay will discuss both views before explaining why I disagree with the contention that extinction should simply be accepted.
On the one hand, extinction has occurred throughout Earth’s history without human involvement. Dinosaurs, for example, disappeared due to natural catastrophes such as asteroids and extreme climate change. Similarly, many ancient species failed to survive ice ages or volcanic eruptions because they could not adapt quickly enough. From this perspective, extinction can be seen as a normal part of evolution, allowing stronger or more adaptable species to replace weaker ones.
On the other hand, most animal extinctions today are closely linked to human activities rather than natural forces. Species such as elephants and rhinos are endangered mainly because of poaching, while animals like orangutans are losing their habitats due to deforestation for agriculture and housing. For instance, large areas of rainforest are cleared each year to produce palm oil, directly destroying ecosystems that took thousands of years to develop.
In my opinion, because humans are the primary cause of modern extinctions, they also have a moral and practical responsibility to protect biodiversity. Allowing human-driven species loss to continue unchecked would be both irresponsible and dangerous.
Analysis
1. Some people believe that animal extinction is a natural process and that humans should not attempt to prevent it. Others argue that people have a responsibility to protect endangered species. 2. This essay will discuss both views before explaining why I disagree with the contention that extinction should simply be accepted.
Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.
1. On the one hand, extinction has occurred throughout Earth’s history without human involvement. 2. Dinosaurs, for example, disappeared due to natural catastrophes such as asteroids and extreme climate change. 3. Similarly, many ancient species failed to survive ice ages or volcanic eruptions because they could not adapt quickly enough. 4. From this perspective, extinction can be seen as a normal part of evolution, allowing stronger or more adaptable species to replace weaker ones.
Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
Explain your main idea.
Develop it with specific or hypothetical examples.
Keep developing it fully.
1. On the other hand, most animal extinctions today are closely linked to human activities rather than natural forces. 2. Species such as elephants and rhinos are endangered mainly because of poaching, while animals like orangutans are losing their habitats due to deforestation for agriculture and housing. 3. For instance, large areas of rainforest are cleared each year to produce palm oil, directly destroying ecosystems that took thousands of years to develop.
Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
Explain your new main idea.
Include specific details and examples.
1. In my opinion, because humans are the primary cause of modern extinctions, they also have a moral and practical responsibility to protect biodiversity. 2. Allowing human-driven species loss to continue unchecked would be both irresponsible and dangerous.
Summarise your main ideas.
Include a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
Some people believe that animal extinction is a natural process and that humans should not attempt to prevent it. Others argue that people have a responsibility to protect endangered species. This essay will discuss both views before explaining why I disagree with the contention that extinction should simply be accepted.
On the one hand, extinction has occurred throughout Earth’s history without human involvement. Dinosaurs, for example, disappeared due to natural catastrophes such as asteroids and extreme climate change. Similarly, many ancient species failed to survive ice ages or volcanic eruptions because they could not adapt quickly enough. From this perspective, extinction can be seen as a normal part of evolution, allowing stronger or more adaptable species to replace weaker ones.
On the other hand, most animal extinctions today are closely linked to human activities rather than natural forces. Species such as elephants and rhinos are endangered mainly because of poaching, while animals like orangutans are losing their habitats due to deforestation for agriculture and housing. For instance, large areas of rainforest are cleared each year to produce palm oil, directly destroying ecosystems that took thousands of years to develop.
In my opinion, because humans are the primary cause of modern extinctions, they also have a moral and practical responsibility to protect biodiversity. Allowing human-driven species loss to continue unchecked would be both irresponsible and dangerous.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
animal extinction – the disappearance of animal species
a natural process – an inherent phenomenon
should not attempt to prevent it – ought not to try to stop it
have a responsibility to protect endangered species – bear an obligation to safeguard threatened wildlife
This essay will discuss both views before explaining why I disagree with the contention – This essay will examine both perspectives before outlining why I oppose this argument
accepted – widely acknowledged
occurred throughout Earth’s history without human involvement – taken place across Earth’s past independent of human influence
disappeared due to natural catastrophes – became extinct as a result of natural disasters
asteroids – meteorites
extreme climate change – severe climatic shifts
Similarly – In the same way
ancient species failed to survive ice ages or volcanic eruptions – prehistoric organisms were unable to endure glacial periods or volcanic activity
could not adapt quickly enough – were unable to adjust rapidly
From this perspective – From this standpoint
can be seen as a normal part of evolution – may be regarded as a natural element of evolutionary processes
allowing stronger or more adaptable species to replace weaker ones – enabling more resilient species to supplant less adaptable ones
closely linked to human activities rather than natural forces – strongly associated with human actions instead of environmental factors
mainly because of poaching – primarily due to illegal hunting
losing their habitats due to deforestation for agriculture and housing – being deprived of natural habitats as forests are cleared for farming and urban development
large areas of rainforest are cleared – vast tracts of tropical forest are cut down
produce palm oil – manufacture palm oil
directly destroying ecosystems – causing immediate damage to ecological systems
took thousands of years to develop – required millennia to form
primary cause of modern extinctions – leading factor behind contemporary species loss
a moral and practical responsibility to protect biodiversity – an ethical and pragmatic duty to conserve biological diversity
Allowing human-driven species loss to continue unchecked – Permitting anthropogenic extinctions to persist without restriction
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
Some people believe that animal _____________n is a natural _________s and that humans should ____________________________ it. Others argue that people have ________________________________________________ species. This __________________________________________________________________ contention that extinction should simply be a_________d.
On the one hand, extinction has occurred ________________________________________________ involvement. Dinosaurs, for example, disappeared ________________ catastrophes such as a_________s and extreme ___________change. S__________y, many ancient ___________________________________________________________ eruptions because they could _____________________ enough. From _________ perspective, extinction can ______________________________________ evolution, allowing _____________________________________________________________________ ones.
On the other hand, most animal extinctions today are closely ________________________________________________________ forces. Species such as elephants and rhinos are endangered mainly _____________ poaching, while animals like orangutans are losing ___________________________________________________________________ housing. For instance, large _____________________________ cleared each year to produce __________oil, directly ______________ecosystems that took _____________________ develop.
In my opinion, because humans are the primary _________________ extinctions, they also have a m____________________________________________________________ biodiversity. Allowing ________________________________________unchecked would be both i________________e and d____________s.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic by watching from YouTube below and practice with these activities:
Question 4: Where can you see wild animals in your area?
Writing Practice
Practice with the related IELTS essay topic:
It is a natural process for animal species to become extinct (e.g. dinosaurs, dodos, etc.). There is no reason why people should try to prevent this from happening.
The given charts illustrate household and leisure activities among men and women in terms of average minutes each day. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that women spent far more time on household chores, with the exception of time spent on repairs. In terms of leisure activities, both sexes were far more likely to watch television, video, or listen to the radio, and figures for reading and sport were relatively comparable.
Regarding activities in the household, women spent more than twice the amount of time cooking and washing and washing clothes and ironing (78 minutes to 30 minutes and 30 minutes to 10 minutes). The difference in time spent shopping was less extreme at 25 minutes for men and 37 minutes for women. In contrast, men spent double the time on repairs per day (19 minutes) to women (9 minutes).
For leisure time, the data for TV, video, and radio were surveyed at 137 minutes for males and 118 minutes for females. Other free time activities included reading (18 minutes for men and 19 minutes for women) and sport, 15 minutes and 11 minutes for men and women, respectively.
Analysis
1. The given charts illustrate household and leisure activities among men and women in terms of average minutes each day. 2. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that women spent far more time on household chores, with the exception of time spent on repairs. 3. In terms of leisure activities, both sexes were far more likely to watch television, video, or listen to the radio, and figures for reading and sport were relatively comparable.
Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
Write a clear overview.
Your overview should be two sentences.
1. Regarding activities in the household, women spent more than twice the amount of time cooking and washing and washing clothes and ironing (78 minutes to 30 minutes and 30 minutes to 10 minutes). 2. The difference in time spent shopping was less extreme at 25 minutes for men and 37 minutes for women. 3. In contrast, men spent double the time on repairs per day (19 minutes) to women (9 minutes).
Begin describing the data.
Make sure that you compare between sentences.
And include as much data as possible.
1. For leisure time, the data for TV, video, and radio were surveyed at 137 minutes for males and 118 minutes for females. 2. Other free time activities included reading (18 minutes for men and 19 minutes for women) and sport, 15 minutes and 11 minutes for men and women, respectively.
Switch to the other table.
Vary short and long sentences.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
The given charts illustrate household and leisure activities among men and women in terms of average minutes each day. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that women spent far more time on household chores, with the exception of time spent on repairs. In terms of leisure activities, both sexes were far more likely to watch television, video, or listen to the radio, and figures for reading and sport were relatively comparable.
Regarding activities in the household, women spent more than twice the amount of time cooking and washing and washing clothes and ironing (78 minutes to 30 minutes and 30 minutes to 10 minutes). The difference in time spent shopping was less extreme at 25 minutes for men and 37 minutes for women. In contrast, men spent double the time on repairs per day (19 minutes) to women (9 minutes).
For leisure time, the data for TV, video, and radio were surveyed at 137 minutes for males and 118 minutes for females. Other free time activities included reading (18 minutes for men and 19 minutes for women) and sport, 15 minutes and 11 minutes for men and women, respectively.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
The given charts illustrate – The provided graphs depict
average minutes each day – the mean number of minutes per day
Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that – From an overall standpoint, it is immediately clear that
spent far more time on household chores – devoted significantly more time to domestic tasks
with the exception of – apart from
repairs – maintenance work
In terms of – With regard to
sexes – genders
far more likely to – considerably more inclined to
figures – statistics
relatively comparable – fairly similar
Regarding activities in – Concerning activities in
more than twice the amount of time – over twice as much time
ˈlʊkɪŋ frɒm ən ˌəʊvəˈrɔːl pəˈspɛktɪv, ɪt ɪz ˈrɛdɪli əˈpærᵊnt ðæt
spɛnt fɑː mɔː taɪm ɒn ˈhaʊshəʊld ʧɔːz
wɪð ði ɪkˈsɛpʃᵊn ɒv
rɪˈpeəz
ɪn tɜːmz ɒv
ˈsɛksɪz
fɑː mɔː ˈlaɪkli tuː
ˈfɪɡəz
ˈrɛlətɪvli ˈkɒmpᵊrəbᵊl
rɪˈɡɑːdɪŋ ækˈtɪvətiz ɪn
mɔː ðæn twaɪs ði əˈmaʊnt ɒv taɪm
ðə ˈdɪfᵊrᵊns ɪn taɪm
lɛs ɪkˈstriːm æt
ɪn ˈkɒntrɑːst
ˈdʌbᵊl ðə taɪm
ˈsɜːveɪd æt
ɪnˈkluːdɪd
rɪˈspɛktɪvli
Vocabulary Practice
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
The ___________ illustrate household and leisure activities among men and women in terms of average ____________ day. Looking ______________________________________ that women spent _________________________________ chores, with _____________ of time spent on r______s. In _______of leisure activities, both s______s were far __________ to watch television, video, or listen to the radio, and f______s for reading and sport were relatively _____________e.
Regarding ____________in the household, women spent more _________________________ time cooking and washing and washing clothes and ironing (78 minutes to 30 minutes and 30 minutes to 10 minutes). The __________________ time spent shopping was less ____________at 25 minutes for men and 37 minutes for women. In _________t, men spent double _____ time on repairs per day (19 minutes) to women (9 minutes).
For leisure time, the data for TV, video, and radio were surveyed ___t 137 minutes for males and 118 minutes for females. Other free time activities i________d reading (18 minutes for men and 19 minutes for women) and sport, 15 minutes and 11 minutes for men and women, r__________y.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic by watching from YouTube below and practice with these activities:
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