This is an IELTS writing task 1 sample answer essay from the real academic exam on the subject of higher education (a bar chart).
There are a couple of key areas to note before you start writing.
First, this graph shows change over time so you will have to describe the full trend for full marks on your overview.
Secondly, there is a lot of data but you must include all of it.
Finally, it is important to structure and compare the data.
Read how I did that below!
Find out more about my exlusive Patreon essays here.
Dave
IELTS Writing Task 1 Sample Answer Essay: Higher Education Bar Chart (Real Past IELTS Exam/Test)
The bar chart shows the percentage of young people in higher education in 2000, 2005 and 2010.
Courtest of IELTS Nguyen-Huyen
The bar chart details changes in the proportions of young people studying in higher education across 4 countries and at 3 intervals of 5 years from 2000 to 2010. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that, with the exception of country B where growth was flat, all countries experienced rises. Country D had the highest overall numbers throughout, while country A overtook country C and country B was generally lowest.
Looking first of all at the overall leader, country D, 60% of young people studied higher education in 2000 followed by a slight uptick to 65% in 2005 and a final upswing to 80%. In contrast, country B had far lower levels at 40% in both 2000 and 2010, with a small dip in between to just under 40%.
Country A had 37% of youngsters studying in university at the beginning of the period, trailing country C by approximately 13%. Both countries underwent increases in 2005 (by 11 and 2%, respectively) before country A surged ahead to nearly 60% and country C’s growth stagnated at 53%.
Analysis
1. The bar chart details changes in the proportions of young people studying in higher education across 4 countries and at 3 intervals of 5 years from 2000 to 2010. 2. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that, with the exception of country B where growth was flat, all countries experienced rises. 3. Country D had the highest overall numbers throughout, while country A overtook country C and country B was generally lowest.
Paraphrase what the graph is showing.
Begin your overview. You must include all areas and say whether they increase/decrease.
Also include the ranking and any other notable areas.
1. Looking first of all at the overall leader, country D, 60% of young people studied higher education in 2000 followed by a slight uptick to 65% in 2005 and a final upswing to 80%. 2. In contrast, country B had far lower levels at 40% in both 2000 and 2010, with a small dip in between to just under 40%.
Begin to write about some of the data. I chose to compare the low and high in this paragraph.
Compare and be sure to include all data.
1. Country A had 37% of youngsters studying in university at the beginning of the period, trailing country C by approximately 13%. 2. Both countries underwent increases in 2005 (by 11 and 2%, respectively) before country A surged ahead to nearly 60% and country C’s growth stagnated at 53%.
Describe the data for the other countries.
Be sure that you are always comparing and you don’t miss out on any data.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?
The bar chart details changes in the proportions of young people studying in higher education across 4 countries and at 3 intervals of 5 years from 2000 to 2010. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that, with the exception of country B where growth was flat, all countries experienced rises. Country D had the highest overall numbers throughout, while country A overtook country C and country B was generally lowest.
Looking first of all at the overall leader, country D, 60% of young people studied higher education in 2000 followed by a slight uptick to 65% in 2005 and a final upswing to 80%. In contrast, country B had far lower levels at 40% in both 2000 and 2010, with a small dip in between to just under 40%.
Country A had 37% of youngsters studying in university at the beginning of the period, trailing country C by approximately 13%. Both countries underwent increases in 2005 (by 11 and 2%, respectively) before country A surged ahead to nearly 60% and country C’s growth stagnated at 53%.
Answers
details describes
proportions percentages
higher education university
intervals periods
looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that overall
exception what is different
growth was flat stayed the same
throughout all during the period
while at the same time
overtook surpassed
generally lowest overall at the bottom
overall leader highest in general
slight uptick small increase
final upswing large increase
far lower levels not nearly as high
small dip tiny decrease
just under a little less than
beginning of the period at the start of the time surveyed
The bar chart d___________s changes in the p_______________s of young people studying in h___________________n across 4 countries and at 3 i__________s of 5 years from 2000 to 2010. L_____________________________________________________________________t, with the e___________n of country B where g______________t, all countries experienced rises. Country D had the highest overall numbers t____________t, w_________e country A o__________k country C and country B was g________________t.
Looking first of all at the o____________r, country D, 60% of young people studied higher education in 2000 followed by a s______________k to 65% in 2005 and a f______________g to 80%. In contrast, country B had f___________________s at 40% in both 2000 and 2010, with a s_____________p in between to j_____________r 40%.
Country A had 37% of youngsters studying in university at the b_____________________________d, t______________g country C by a___________________y 13%. Both countries u_______________t increases in 2005 (by 11 and 2%, r_______________y) before country A s______________________y 60% and country C’s g______________________d at 53%.
Listen and check:
Writing Practice
Write about the bar chart below then check with my sample answer:
This is an IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay on the topic of art from the real exam.
Art is a really common topic on IELTS and could come up on the listening, reading, writing, or speaking parts.
Read below to get some experience with this topic!
Please consider signing up for my Patreon here in order to support my efforts and receive exclusive Ebooks and materials related to IELTS!
Dave
IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer Essay: Film as Art (Real Past IELTS Exam/Test)
Many people believe that film is a less important art than other forms such as literature and painting.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Real Past IELTS Exam/Test
Film is often looked down on as a less important art form in comparison with more elevated mediums like painting and literature. In my opinion, though the blatant commercialisation of film often undermines its claim to be art at all, it is a clearly more important art form for the 21st century.
Those who would minimise the importance of film, can point out its primary purpose is to make money. This has become increasingly true in the last several decades as studios have assumed greater power. It used to be common for auteurs like Martin Scorsese, Francis Ford Coppola, and Robert Altman to make modestly budgeted films that earned decent returns. The advent of blockbuster films generally and superhero movies in particular makes it much harder for studios catering to their shareholders to justify anything other than tentpole franchises. The artistic merits of these big movies tend to be low as they are often made by committee and strive only for escapism and fan service.
However, film has clearly overtaken other forms of art in the popular imagination. Hundreds of years ago, composers, playwrights, novelists, and painters were held in higher esteem and their works were the centre of popular culture. Music and film have now displaced them. Someone who would have become a great writer in the 19th century, would now opt to make films as they can reach the greatest number of people and the medium is newer and more open to possibility. A good example of this would be a young filmmaker like P.T. Anderson who creates thoughtful, explorative works that also have a degree of mass appeal.
In conclusion, film as an art form is ascendant today. It is, however, still important for audiences to tune in to a wide breadth of genres in order to encourage the film industry to remain vibrant and innovative.
Analysis
1. Film is often looked down on as a less important art form in comparison with more elevated mediums like painting and literature. 2. In my opinion, though the blatant commercialisation of film often undermines its claim to be art at all, it is a clearly more important art form for the 21st century.
Paraphrase the overall topic for the whole essay.
Write your opinion – choose one side!
1. Those who would minimise the importance of film, can point out its primary purpose is to make money. 2. This has become increasingly true in the last several decades as studios have assumed greater power. 3. It used to be common for auteurs like Martin Scorsese, Francis Ford Coppola, and Robert Altman to make modestly budgeted films that earned decent returns. 4. The advent of blockbuster films generally and superhero movies in particular makes it much harder for studios catering to their shareholders to justify anything other than tentpole franchises. 5. The artistic merits of these big movies tend to be low as they are often made by committee and strive only for escapism and fan service.
Write a topic sentence with a main idea at the end of the sentence.
Begin developing or explaining your main idea.
Use specific examples – real filmmakers or films.
Develop your example – don’t run away from it.
Conclude the paragraph with the results or draw conclusions.
1. However, film has clearly overtaken other forms of art in the popular imagination. 2. Hundreds of years ago, composers, playwrights, novelists, and painters were held in higher esteem and their works were the centre of popular culture. 3. Music and film have now displaced them. 4. Someone who would have become a great writer in the 19th century, would now opt to make films as they can reach the greatest number of people and the medium is newer and more open to possibility. 5. A good example of this would be a young filmmaker like P.T. Anderson who creates thoughtful, explorative works that also have a degree of mass appeal.
Another topic sentence with a main idea for the other side.
Explain or give background for your main idea.
Vary long and short sentences.
Here I use a hypothetical example.
And I conclude the paragraph with a real example.
1. In conclusion, film as an art form is ascendant today. 2. It is, however, still important for audiences to tune in to a wide breadth of genres in order to encourage the film industry to remain vibrant and innovative.
Repeat your opinion.
Add in a final thought/extra detail.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?
Film is often looked down on as a less important art form in comparison with more elevated mediums like painting and literature. In my opinion, though the blatant commercialisation of film often undermines its claim to be art at all, it is a clearly more important art form for the 21st century.
Those who would minimise the importance of film, can point out its primary purpose is to make money. This has become increasingly true in the last several decades as studios have assumed greater power. It used to be common for auteurs like Martin Scorsese, Francis Ford Coppola, and Robert Altman to make modestly budgeted films that earned decent returns. The advent of blockbuster films generally and superhero movies in particular makes it much harder for studios catering to their shareholders to justify anything other than tentpole franchises. The artistic merits of these big movies tend to be low as they are often made by committee and strive only for escapism and fan service.
However, film has clearly overtaken other forms of art in the popular imagination. Hundreds of years ago, composers, playwrights, novelists, and painters were held in higher esteem and their works were the centre of popular culture. Music and film have now displaced them. Someone who would have become a great writer in the 19th century, would now opt to make films as they can reach the greatest number of people and the medium is newer and more open to possibility. A good example of this would be a young filmmaker like P.T. Anderson who creates thoughtful, explorative works that also have a degree of mass appeal.
In conclusion, film as an art form is ascendant today. It is, however, still important for audiences to tune in to a wide breadth of genres in order to encourage the film industry to remain vibrant and innovative.
Answers
looked down on deride
in comparison with compared to / in contrast with
elevated mediums more well-regarded forms
blatant commercialisation obviously just for money
undermines hurts
claim contention
art form kind of art
minimise make lesser
point out argue
primary purpose main reason
increasingly true more and more the case
assumed greater power become more powerful
auteurs skilled professionals
modestly budgeted films movies made for little money
earned decent returns made enough money
advent of blockbuster films generally beginning of big movies overall
Film is often l__________________n as a less important art form i_____________________h more e____________________s like painting and literature. In my opinion, though the b_______________________n of film often u____________________s its c_______m to be art at all, it is a clearly more important a_____________m for the 21st century.
Those who would m_______________e the importance of film, can p__________t its p____________________e is to make money. This has become i________________e in the last several decades as studios have a______________________r. It used to be common for a_________s like Martin Scorsese, Francis Ford Coppola, and Robert Altman to make m___________________________s that e________________________s. The a_____________________________________y and superhero movies i__________________r makes it much harder for studios c_____________g to their s____________________s to j___________y anything other than t_____________________s. The a__________________s of these big movies t_______________________w as they are often m_______________________e and s________e only for e_____________m and f_______________e.
However, film has clearly o___________n other forms of art in the p____________________n. Hundreds of years ago, c__________________s, p______________s, n______________s, and painters were h______________________m and their works were the c_______________________e. Music and film have now d____________d them. Someone who would have become a great writer in the 19th century, would now o____t to make films as they can reach the greatest number of people and the m__________m is newer and more o_______________________y. A good example of this would be a young filmmaker like P.T. Anderson who creates t__________________l, e________________________s that also have a_________________________l.
In conclusion, film as an art form is a______________t today. It is, however, still important for audiences to t__________n to a w_______________________s in order to encourage the film industry to r__________________t and i_______________e.
This is an IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay on the topic of part-time or hourly paid jobs from the real exam.
In the U.S.A., people typically say part-time work and in the U.K., hourly paid.
Employment is a really common topic on IELTS so reading this answer will help prepare you for similar questions on the real exam.
Please consider signing up for my Patreon here in order to support my efforts and receive exclusive Ebooks and materials related to IELTS!
Dave
IELTS Writing Task 2 General Training Sample Answer Essay: Part-Time Jobs (Real Past IELTS Exam/Test)
In many countries, teenagers are encouraged to find part-time jobs. Some think this is a good development while others disagree.
Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.
Real Past IELTS Exam/Test
Some believe that teenagers ought to take part in hourly paid work while others feel this is not a good idea. In my opinion, though this can be an added burden for teenagers, it offers a host of benefits related to life experience.
Opponents of part-time work for teenagers seize on the mental repercussions of stress. Teenagers already deal with so many life problems ranging from the chemical changes inherent in puberty to social stress to academic pressure. There are countries such as South Korea and Japan where the academic workload rarely allows for recreation time, let alone paid work. Adding in a job and its encumbent concerns can only worsen a teenager’s mental health and, in the most extreme cases, lead to depression and nervous breakdowns. Even students not affected as deeply are sure to be less happy due to stress.
Regardless, working is a maturing experience. Work continues and hastens the lifelong process of negotiating one’s own priorities against the expectations of others. Most high schoolers start with a low-paying part-time position and that may educate them about the importance of having a good education. They are also likely to begin developing the qualities that will serve them well in a variety of future workplaces including teamwork skills, organisation, and perseverance. The experience will also give them a window into an industry and help them make more informed choices for their future career.
In conclusion, though work can take a toll on mental well-being it is a positive, overall maturing experience. Teenagers should try a variety of jobs in order to have a clear overview of possible working environments.
Analysis
1. Some believe that teenagers ought to take part in hourly paid work while others feel this is not a good idea. 2. In my opinion, though this can be an added burden for teenagers, it offers a host of benefits related to life experience.
Paraphrase the overall topic for the whole essay.
Write your opinion – be clear!
1. Opponents of part-time work for teenagers seize on the mental repercussions of stress. 2. Teenagers already deal with so many life problems ranging from the chemical changes inherent in puberty to social stress to academic pressure. 3. There are countries such as South Korea and Japan where the academic workload rarely allows for recreation time, let alone paid work. 4. Adding in a job and its encumbent concerns can only worsen a teenager’s mental health and, in the most extreme cases, lead to depression and nervous breakdowns. 5. Even students not affected as deeply are sure to be less happy due to stress.
Write a topic sentence with a single, clear main idea at the end.
Begin to develop your main idea with specific ideas.
Be as specific as possible – use real countries!
Develop your specific examples.
State the final result to conclude the paragraph.
1. Regardless, working is a maturing experience. 2. Work continues and hastens the lifelong process of negotiating one’s own priorities against the expectations of others. 3. Most high schoolers start with a low-paying part-time position and that may educate them about the importance of having a good education. 4. They are also likely to begin developing the qualities that will serve them well in a variety of future workplaces including teamwork skills, organisation, and perseverance. 5. The experience will also give them a window into an industry and help them make more informed choices for their future career.
Write another topic sentence with a main idea at the end.
Explain your main idea.
My example here is hypothetical.
Develop the example.
Finish developing your main idea.
1. In conclusion, though work can take a toll on mental well-being it is a positive, overall maturing experience. 2. Teenagers should try a variety of jobs in order to have a clear overview of possible working environments.
Repeat your opinion.
Add in a final thought at the end.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?
Some believe that teenagers ought to take part in hourly paid work while others feel this is not a good idea. In my opinion, though this can be an added burden for teenagers, it offers a host of benefits related to life experience.
Opponents of part-time work for teenagers seize on the mental repercussions of stress. Teenagers already deal with so many life problems ranging from the chemical changes inherent in puberty to social stress to academic pressure. There are countries such as South Korea and Japan where the academic workload rarely allows for recreation time, let alone paid work. Adding in a job and its encumbent concerns can only worsen a teenager’s mental health and, in the most extreme cases, lead to depression and nervous breakdowns. Even students not affected as deeply are sure to be less happy due to stress.
Regardless, working is a maturing experience. Work continues and hastens the lifelong process of negotiating one’s own priorities against the expectations of others. Most high schoolers start with a low-paying part-time position and that may educate them about the importance of having a good education. They are also likely to begin developing the qualities that will serve them well in a variety of future workplaces including teamwork skills, organisation, and perseverance. The experience will also give them a window into an industry and help them make more informed choices for their future career.
In conclusion, though work can take a toll on mental well-being it is a positive, overall maturing experience. Teenagers should try a variety of jobs in order to have a clear overview of possible working environments.
Answers
take part in do
added burden more pressure
host of benefits many advantages
part-time work hourly paid jobs
seize on point out
mental repercussions psychological effects
deal with handle
ranging from including
chemical changes inherent in puberty body changing as you become a teenager
social stress social anxiety
academic pressure stress to get good grades
academic workload amount of schoolwork you have
recreation time free time
let alone paid work not mentioning a real job
adding in also including
encumbent concerns related worries
worsen become bad
in the most extreme cases rare situations
nervous breakdowns losing your mind for a bit
deeply not superficially
regardless nonetheless
maturing experience makes you more of an adult
hastens speeds up
lifelong process over the course of your life
negotiating one’s own priorities bargaining your interests
expectations of others the interests of other people
low-paying part-time position menial work
importance of having a good education why you should get a degree
serve them well helps them later
future workplaces where you might work later
teamwork skills working together in a group
organisation keeping things in order
perseverance trying hard
give them a window into show them
industry economic sector
informed choices good decisions
future career what you will do for work later in life
take a toll on mental well-being psychological problems
Some believe that teenagers ought to t______________n hourly paid work while others feel this is not a good idea. In my opinion, though this can be an a________________n for teenagers, it offers a h_________________s related to life experience.
Opponents of p_________________k for teenagers s_________n the m____________________s of stress. Teenagers already d__________h so many life problems r____________m the c___________________________________y to s_______________s to a_________________________e. There are countries such as South Korea and Japan where the a__________________d rarely allows for r___________________e, l______________________k. A________________n a job and its e____________________s can only w_____________n a teenager’s mental health and, i______________________________s, lead to depression and n__________________________s. Even students not affected as d____________y are sure to be less happy due to stress.
R_____________s, working is a m_________________e. Work continues and h_____________s the l_______________s of n____________________________s against the e________________________s. Most high schoolers start with a l_____________________________n and that may educate them about the i_________________________________________n. They are also likely to begin developing the qualities that will s______________l in a variety of f_____________________________s including t_____________________s, o__________________n, and p_________________e. The experience will also g_________________________o an i_____________y and help them make more i_____________________s for their f__________________r.
In conclusion, though work can t___________________________________g it is a positive, overall maturing experience. Teenagers should try a variety of jobs in order to have a c_______________w of p_________________________________s.
Practice with the related question below then read my sample answer:
Some people argue that job satisfaction is more important than job security, while others believe that they cannot always expect job satisfaction and a permanent job is more important.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
There are severe social consequences to housing shortages in cities and only the government can solve these problems.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Real IELTS Exam/Test
Many people today feel that limited housing in urban areas can only be seriously addressed by governmental action. In my opinion, private investiture in this area will always be low so governments bear the burden of responsibility.
Only limited support for housing problems will come from the private sector. Large real estate and construction firms are mainly motivated to generate the greatest profits and will therefore largely cater projects towards a wealthy clientele. This means building large apartments and homes that likely replace smaller homes, exacerbating any existing housing crisis. In New York City, for example, ambitious developers knocked down government housing projects and built luxury apartments and brownstone homes. These efforts push poor residents out of the city and further away from their work and engender a variety of social problems.
The only realistic solution for housing shortages in major urban areas in governmental intervention. Governments can either build themselves or accept bids from construction companies. There are inspirational examples of public works projects in cities all around the world. The typical process is that the government will delineate an undeveloped or poorly planned area for new homes and accept bids from private companies. Since these areas are unavailable for unregulated commercial exploitation, the government holds power over the private companies. Once these projects are completed, they can house thousands of residents affordably, which allows occupants to find quality jobs in the city and eventually move out of these housing developments.
In conclusion, the government is the major catalyst in all housing solutions in cities. Governments ought to prioritise these efforts before cities become too gentrified and this hinders upwards social mobility.
Analysis
1. Many people today feel that limited housing in urban areas can only be seriously addressed by governmental action. 2. In my opinion, private investiture in this area will always be low so governments bear the burden of responsibility.
Paraphrase the overall topic for the essay.
Write a clear opinion – choose a side!
1. Only limited support for housing problems will come from the private sector. 2. Large real estate and construction firms are mainly motivated to generate the greatest profits and will therefore largely cater projects towards a wealthy clientele. 3. This means building large apartments and homes that likely replace smaller homes, exacerbating any existing housing crisis. 4. In New York City, for example, ambitious developers knocked down government housing projects and built luxury apartments and brownstone homes. 5. These efforts push poor residents out of the city and further away from their work and engender a variety of social problems.
Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end of it.
Begin developing or explaining your main idea.
Continue to develop it with specific details.
Here I give an example of a real city – be as specific as possible.
Conclude with the result of your example.
1. The only realistic solution for housing shortages in major urban areas in governmental intervention. 2. Governments can either build themselves or accept bids from construction companies. 3. There are inspirational examples of public works projects in cities all around the world. 4. The typical process is that the government will delineate an undeveloped or poorly planned area for new homes and accept bids from private companies. 5. Since these areas are unavailable for unregulated commercial exploitation, the government holds power over the private companies. 6. Once these projects are completed, they can house thousands of residents affordably, which allows occupants to find quality jobs in the city and eventually move out of these housing developments.
Another topic sentence with a main idea at the end.
Start developing your main idea.
You don’t always need a specific example if it is a common occurrence.
Develop the process in detail.
The more nuanced your argument, the higher your score.
State the result again to conclude the paragraph.
1. In conclusion, the government is the major catalyst in all housing solutions in cities. 2. Governments ought to prioritise these efforts before cities become too gentrified and this hinders upwards social mobility.
Repeat your overall opinion.
Add in a final detail or thought for full marks from the IELTS examiner.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?
Many people today feel that limited housing in urban areas can only be seriously addressed by governmental action. In my opinion, private investiture in this area will always be low so governments bear the burden of responsibility.
Only limited support for housing problems will come from the private sector. Large real estate and construction firms are mainly motivated to generate the greatest profits and will therefore largely cater projects towards a wealthy clientele. This means building large apartments and homes that likely replace smaller homes, exacerbating any existing housing crisis. In New York City, for exampe, ambitious developersknocked down government housing projects and built luxury apartments and brownstone homes. These efforts pushe poor residents out of the city and further away from their work and engender a variety of social problems.
The only realistic solution for housing shortages in major urban areas in governmental intervention. Governments can either build themselves or accept bids from construction companies. There are inspirational examples of public works projects in cities all around the world. The typical process is that the government will delineate an undeveloped or poorly planned area for new homes and accept bids from private companies. Since these areas are unavailable for unregulated commercial exploitation, the government holds power over the private companies. Once these projects are completed, they can house thousands of residents affordably, which allows occupants to find quality jobs in the city and eventually move out of these housing developments.
In conclusion, the government is the major catalyst in all housing solutions in cities. Governments ought to prioritise these efforts before cities become too gentrified and this hinders upwards social mobility.
Answers
limited housing not enough places to live
urban areas cities
seriously addressed dealt with well
governmental action steps taken by the government
private investiture companies
bear the burden of responsibility have a duty towards
limited support not much help
private sector companies/corporations
firms companies
generate the greatest profits make the most money
largely cater projects towards a wealthy clientele mostly just care about rich projects
likely replace smaller homes probably get rid of small houses/apartments
exacerbating making worse
existing housing crisis already there problems with housing
to a great degree significantly
ambitious developersknocked down companies looking to make money destroyed
housing projects where lots of people live, tends to be poorer people
built luxury apartments construct nice homes
brownstone homes nice homes made from a brown material
pushes poor residents out of the city gentrifies
further away from their work not near their jobs
engenders creates, leads to
realistic solution practical resolution
governmental intervention governments stepping in
accept bids take offers
inspirational examples strong instances of
public works projects built for the public
typical process normal way
delineate allow for, circumsribe
unavailable for unregulated commercial exploitation cannot be developed for profit
holds power over controls
house verb meaning to provide a house for
affordably cheaply
occupants residents
major catalyst biggest driver behind
prioritise consider most important
gentrified getting richer and pushing out poorer residents
hinders upwards social mobility stops people from getting richer
Many people today feel that l______________g in u_____________s can only be s___________________d by g__________________________n. In my opinion, p____________________________e in this area will always be low so governments b________________________________y.
Only l__________________t for housing problems will come from the p________________r. Large real estate and construction f__________s are mainly motivated to g________________________________s and will therefore l________________________________________e. This means building large apartments and homes that l___________________________s, e_______________________g any e________________________________s. This has happened t________________________e in New York City where a_________________________________n government h______________________s and b________________________________s and b__________________________s. This p________________________________y and f__________________________k and e___________________s a variety of social problems.
The only r__________________n for housing shortages in major urban areas in g______________________________n. Governments can either build themselves or a__________________s from construction companies. There are i______________________s of p________________________________s in cities all around the world. The t____________________s is that the government will d__________________e an undeveloped or poorly planned area for new homes and accept bids from private companies. Since these areas are u_____________________________________________________________n, the government h___________________r the private companies. Once these projects are completed, they can h________e thousands of residents a______________y, which allows o______________s to find quality jobs in the city and eventually move out of these housing developments.
In conclusion, the government is the m______________t in all housing solutions in cities. Governments ought to p________________e these efforts before cities become too g______________d and this h___________________________________y.
Listen and check:
Listening Practice
Watch a specific housing crisis problem in the short video below:
Reading Practice
Read here about how going green can help with the housing crisis:
This is an IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay from the general training exam on the topic of fashion.
It was a little bit tricky to think of main ideas for each paragraph – read below to see what I did with it!
Please consider signing up for my Patreon here in order to support my efforts and receive exclusive Ebooks and materials related to IELTS!
Dave
IELTS Writing Task 2 General Training Sample Answer Essay: Fashion (Real Past IELTS Exam/Test)
The number of people who are interested in and wearing fashionable clothes is increasing.
Is this a positive or negative development?
Real Past IELTS Exam/Test
More and more people today are interested in and have the disposable income to take greater care with their fashion choices. In my opinion, though many fashion companies exploit their workers, this is a positive development overall.
Those who criticise the fashion industry often point out its treatment of workers. The most famous fashion brands like Louis Vuitton and Chanel (as well as footwear makers such as Nike and Adidas) outsource their labour at reduced costs to East Asia. Workers in their factories make subsistence wages and are notoriously mistreated, while the countries in question often have lax child labour laws as well. Exploitive fashion companies then massively inflate prices for their products. Their actions cannot be controlled directly by consumers but nonetheless undermine every innocent transaction at a shopping mall.
Regardless, fashion is an important aesthetic choice for ordinary people. The exploitation of workers ought to be regulated by governments and corporations, not consumers. Those who buy fashionable clothes are trying to express themselves through their attire and the end result of a more fashion-conscious public is greater beauty for onlookers. No one would question the importance of beautiful buildings and public works of art but fashion is arguably more noticeable. Fashion gives not only individuals but also towns, cities, and nations a distinctive flair, without which the world would be blander and less beautiful.
In conclusion, the beauty fashion engenders outweighs any ethical considerations. Governments ought to properly regulate labour so that their citizens can shop and flaunt with a clear conscience.
Analysis
1. More and more people today are interested in and have the disposable income to take greater care with their fashion choices. 2. In my opinion, though many fashion companies exploit their workers, this is a positive development overall.
Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
Clearly state your opinion.
1. Those who criticise the fashion industry often point out its treatment of workers. 2. The most famous fashion brands like Louis Vuitton and Chanel (as well as footwear makers such as Nike and Adidas) outsource their labour at reduced costs to East Asia. 3. Workers in their factories make subsistence wages and are notoriously mistreated, while the countries in question often have lax child labour laws as well. 4. Exploitive fashion companies then massively inflate prices for their products. 5. Their actions cannot be controlled directly by consumers but nonetheless undermine every innocent transaction at a shopping mall.
State the end result or draw conclusions from your examples.
Conclude the paragraph.
1. Regardless, fashion is an important aesthetic choice for ordinary people. 2. The exploitation of workers ought to be regulated by governments and corporations, not consumers. 3. Those who buy fashionable clothes are trying to express themselves through their attire and the end result of a more fashion-conscious public is greater beauty for onlookers. 4. No one would question the importance of beautiful buildings and public works of art but fashion is arguably more noticeable. 5. Fashion gives not only individuals but also towns, cities, and nations a distinctive flair, without which the world would be blander and less beautiful.
Write another topic sentence with your main idea at the end.
Here I start developing it by referring back to the argument from the last paragraph – this is good for cohesion/coherence.
Instead of an example, I use a logical argument.
Then I argue with an analogy.
Finally, I conclude the paragraph by summarising my argument.
1. In conclusion, the beauty fashion engenders outweighs any ethical considerations. 2. Governments ought to properly regulate labour so that their citizens can shop and flaunt with a clear conscience.
Repeat your opinion.
Include a final detail/thought.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?
More and more people today are interested in and have the disposable income to take greater care with their fashion choices. In my opinion, though many fashion companies exploit their workers, this is a positive development overall.
Those who criticise the fashion industry often point out its treatment of workers. The most famous fashion brands like Louis Vuitton and Chanel (as well as footwear makers such as Nike and Adidas) outsource their labour at reduced costs to East Asia. Workers in their factories make subsistence wages and are notoriously mistreated, while the countries in question often have lax child labourlaws as well. Exploitive fashion companies then massively inflate prices for their products. Their actions cannot be controlled directly by consumers but nonetheless undermine every innocent transaction at a shopping mall.
Regardless, fashion is an important aesthetic choice for ordinary people. The exploitation of workers ought to be regulated by governments and corporations, not consumers. Those who buy fashionable clothes are trying to express themselves through their attire and the end result of a more fashion-conscious public is greater beauty for onlookers. No one would question the importance of beautiful buildings and public works of art but fashion is arguably more noticeable. Fashion gives not only individuals but also towns, cities, and nations a distinctive flair, without which the world would be blander and less beautiful.
In conclusion, the beauty fashion engenders outweighs any ethical considerations. Governments ought to properly regulate labour so that their citizens can shop and flaunt with a clear conscience.
Answers
more and more increasingly
disposable income money to spend
take greater care with pay more attention to
exploit take advantage of
positive development overall good
criticise think badly of
point out argue
treatment of workers employment conditions
brands companies
footwear shoes
outsource send to other countries
labour workers
reduced costs money saved
subsistence wages just enough to live on
notoriously mistreated badly expoloited
in question relevant here
lax child labourlaws allow kids to work
massively inflate prices increase the cost a lot
controlled directly have power over
undermine is part of
innocent transaction guiltless purchase
regardless nonetheless
aesthetic choice artistic decision
ordinary people normal citizens
regulated controlled
express themselves show off
attire clothes
end result final impact
fashion-conscious public people who care about their clothes
M_____________________e people today are interested in and have the d___________________e to t_________________________h their fashion choices. In my opinion, though many fashion companies e________t their workers, this is a p________________________________l.
Those who c_________e the fashion industry often p_____________t its t__________________________s. The most famous fashion b________s like Louis Vuitton and Chanel (as well as f_________________r makers such as Nike and Adidas) o____________e their l____________r at r______________s to East Asia. Workers in their factories make s__________________s and are n____________________d, while the countries i____________________n often have l______________________s as well. Exploitive fashion companies then m___________________________s for their products. Their actions cannot be c___________________y by consumers but nonetheless u_______________e every i__________________n at a shopping mall.
R________________s, fashion is an important a___________________e for o_______________e. The exploitation of workers ought to be r____________d by governments and corporations, not consumers. Those who buy fashionable clothes are trying to e__________________s through their a________e and the e_______________t of a more f______________________________c is greater beauty for o__________s. No one would question the importance of beautiful buildings and public works of art but fashion is a______________y more n_____________e. Fashion gives not only individuals but also towns, cities, and nations a d________________________r, w_______________h the world would be b__________r and less beautiful.
In conclusion, the beauty fashion e_____________s outweighs any e____________________s. Governments ought to p____________y regulate labour so that their citizens can shop and f_________t with a c____________________e.
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