IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer Essay: Job Satisfaction/Security (Real Past IELTS Exam/Test)

IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer Essay: Job Satisfaction/Security (Real Past IELTS Exam/Test)

This is an IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay from the real test related to job satisfactory and security.

It is a tricky question because both sides are tough to argue.

I did something interesting with my opinion as well that you can check out below.

Please consider signing up for my Patreon here in order to support my efforts and receive exclusive Ebooks and materials related to IELTS!

Dave

Before reading, listen to the audio below and take notes:

IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer Essay Audio: Job Satisfaction/Security

IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer Essay: Job Satisfaction/Security (Real Past IELTS Exam/Test)

Some people argue that job satisfaction is more important than job security, while others believe that they cannot always expect job satisfaction and a permanent job is more important.

Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

Real Past IELTS Exam/Test

Some make the pragmatic argument that in an uncertain job market, security ought to be valued over satisfaction. In my opinion, those with families cannot be reproached for this view but it is generally more important to enjoy your job and spread goodwill.

Workers with dependents rightly value a consistent paycheck and benefits over all other factors. If someone is just starting out in a labour of love such as becoming an artist, they may struggle initially to bring home enough money to make ends meet every month. They might not be able to send their children to good schools, live in a good neighborhood, and keep everyone in the house reasonably well clothed and fed. Even if they can manage that, it will place incredible mental stress on not only them but also their spouse and children. Research has shown these deeply ingrained anxieties from childhood can persist throughout adulthood.

It is nonetheless more important to pursue a job that is fulfilling. The vast majority of the world dislikes their job and a large percentage of these people have difficulty reconciling their frustrations with their day-to-day temperament. An unhappy employee is more likely to be short with co-workers, complain to friends, and resent their family for the burden they must shoulder for their welfare. More of this persons daily interactions will be negative and this adds up over years to create the greatest global repository of ill will. Free up the same person to enjoy their job and there is a strong chance they will suddenly brighten the days of those around them.

Overall, fomenting good humour is more important and only in very rare family situations should an individual persist in a job for its stability. Many recognise this once it is too late and they already have an expensive lifestyle to maintain or their best working years are behind them.

Word Count: 315

Analysis

1. Some make the pragmatic argument that in an uncertain job market, security ought to be valued over satisfaction. 2. In my opinion, those with families cannot be reproached for this view but it is generally more important to enjoy your job and spread goodwill.

  1. Paraphrase the overall topic of the essay for your first sentence.
  2. Give your opinion – here mine is somewhat on both sides but I still choose overall job satisfaction.

1. Workers with dependents rightly value a consistent paycheck and benefits over all other factors. 2. If someone is just starting out in a labour of love such as becoming an artist, they may struggle initially to bring home enough money to make ends meet every month. 3. They might not be able to send their children to good schools, live in a good neighborhood, and keep everyone in the house reasonably well clothed and fed. 4. Even if they can manage that, it will place incredible mental stress on not only them but also their spouse and children. 5. Research has shown these deeply ingrained anxieties from childhood can persist throughout adulthood.

  1. Write a topic sentence with a main idea at the end.
  2. Here I begin with a hypothetical example.
  3. Develop the example with specific details.
  4. Keep developing by detailing the results.
  5. Add in more of the result to fully develop it.

1. It is nonetheless more important to pursue a job that is fulfilling. 2. The vast majority of the world dislikes their job and a large percentage of these people have difficulty reconciling their frustrations with their day-to-day temperament. 3. An unhappy employee is more likely to be short with co-workers, complain to friends, and resent their family for the burden they must shoulder for their welfare. 4. More of this persons daily interactions will be negative and this adds up over years to create the greatest global repository of ill will. 5. Free up the same person to enjoy their job and there is a strong chance they will suddenly brighten the days of those around them.

  1. Another topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
  2. Here I explain my main idea and set up my argument to follow.
  3. I use another hypothetical example to develop my point.
  4. Develop your example with specific detail.
  5. Finish develop it by stating the result.

1. Overall, fomenting good humour is more important and only in very rare family situations should an individual persist in a job for its stability. 2. Many recognise this once it is too late and they already have an expensive lifestyle to maintain or their best working years are behind them.

  1. Repeat your opinion.
  2. Add in a final thought or extra detail to finish your essay.

Vocabulary

What do the words in bold below mean?

Some make the pragmatic argument that in an uncertain job market, security ought to be valued over satisfaction. In my opinion, those with families cannot be reproached for this view but it is generally more important to enjoy your job and spread goodwill.

Workers with dependents rightly value a consistent paycheck and benefits over all other factors. If someone is just starting out in a labour of love such as becoming an artist, they may struggle initially to bring home enough money to make ends meet every month. They might not be able to send their children to good schools, live in a good neighborhood, and keep everyone in the house reasonably well clothed and fed. Even if they can manage that, it will place incredible mental stress on not only them but also their spouse and children. Research has shown these deeply ingrained anxieties from childhood can persist throughout adulthood.

It is nonetheless more important to pursue a job that is fulfilling. The vast majority of the world dislikes their job and a large percentage of these people have difficulty reconciling their frustrations with their day-to-day temperament. An unhappy employee is more likely to be short with co-workers, complain to friends, and resent their family for the burden they must shoulder for their welfare. More of this persons daily interactions will be negative and this adds up over years to create the greatest global repository of ill will. Free up the same person to enjoy their job and there is a strong chance they will suddenly brighten the days of those around them.

Overall, fomenting good humour is more important and only in very rare family situations should an individual persist in a job for its stability. Many recognise this once it is too late and they already have an expensive lifestyle to maintain or their best working years are behind them.

Answers

pragmatic argument practical reasons

uncertain job market difficult to get/keep employment

valued over satisfaction considered more important than fulfillment

reproached questioned/criticised about

generally more important overall matters more

spread goodwill make other people happy

dependents rightly value people who rely on them justifies their choice

consistent paycheck steady employment

benefits advantages

over all other factors more important than anything else

starting out beginning

labour of love something you have passion for

struggle initially have a tough time at the beginning

bring home enough money make a large enough salary

make ends meet earn just enough

send their children to good schools enroll their kids in quality schools

reasonably well clothed and fed enough clothing and food

manage deal with

place incredible mental stress put a lot of pressure on

not only them but also both

deeply ingrained anxieties psychological trauma

persist throughout adulthood continue as they become adults

pursue chase

fulfilling satisfying

vast majority most of

reconciling make consistent

frustrations anger

day-to-day temperament daily mood

short rude/angry with

resent hold a grudge against

burden weight to carry, responsibility

shoulder carry

welfare good of those involved

adds up combines to

greatest global repository of ill will stores up a lot of hostility

free up allows for

strong chance might happen

brighten make happier

fomenting good humour creating happy interactions

rare family situations uncommon problems at home

persist continue

stability safe and secure

recognise acknowledge

expensive lifestyle to maintain costs a lot for rent, expenses

best working years are behind them no longer in their prime

Pronunciation

prægˈmætɪk ˈɑːgjʊmənt 
ʌnˈsɜːtn ʤɒb ˈmɑːkɪt
ˈvæljuːd ˈəʊvə ˌsætɪsˈfækʃən
rɪˈprəʊʧt 
ˈʤɛnərəli mɔːr ɪmˈpɔːtənt 
sprɛd ˈgʊdˈwɪl
dɪˈpɛndənts ˈraɪtli ˈvæljuː 
kənˈsɪstənt ˈpeɪˌʧɛk 
ˈbɛnɪfɪts 
ˈəʊvər ɔːl ˈʌðə ˈfæktəz
ˈstɑːtɪŋ aʊt 
ˈleɪbər ɒv lʌv 
ˈstrʌgl ɪˈnɪʃəli 
brɪŋ həʊm ɪˈnʌf ˈmʌni 
meɪk ɛndz miːt 
sɛnd ðeə ˈʧɪldrən tuː gʊd skuːlz
ˈriːznəbli wɛl kləʊðd ænd fɛd
ˈmænɪʤ 
pleɪs ɪnˈkrɛdəbl ˈmɛntl strɛs 
nɒt ˈəʊnli ðɛm bʌt ˈɔːlsəʊ 
ˈdiːpli ɪnˈgreɪnd æŋˈzaɪətiz 
pəˈsɪst θru(ː)ˈaʊt əˈdʌlthʊd
pəˈsjuː 
fʊlˈfɪlɪŋ
vɑːst məˈʤɒrɪti 
ˈrɛkənsaɪlɪŋ 
frʌsˈtreɪʃənz 
ˈdeɪtəˈdeɪ ˈtɛmpərəmənt
ʃɔːt 
rɪˈzɛnt 
ˈbɜːdn 
ˈʃəʊldə 
ˈwɛlfeə
ædz ʌp 
ˈgreɪtɪst ˈgləʊbəl rɪˈpɒzɪtəri ɒv ɪl wɪl
friː ʌp 
strɒŋ ʧɑːns 
ˈbraɪtn
fəʊˈmɛntɪŋ gʊd ˈhjuːmə 
reə ˈfæmɪli ˌsɪtjʊˈeɪʃənz 
pəˈsɪst 
stəˈbɪlɪti
ˈrɛkəgnaɪz 
ɪksˈpɛnsɪv ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl tuː meɪnˈteɪn 
bɛst ˈwɜːkɪŋ jɪəz ɑː bɪˈhaɪnd ðɛm

Listen and repeat:

IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer Essay Pronunciation: Job Satisfaction/Security

Vocabulary Practice

Some make the p_________________ that in an u_________________, security ought to be v_________________ . In my opinion, those with families cannot be r_________________ for this view but it is g_________________ to enjoy your job and s_________________.

Workers with d_________________ a c_________________ and b_________________ o_________________. If someone is just s_________________ in a l_________________ such as becoming an artist, they may s_________________ to b_________________ to m_________________ every month. They might not be able to s_________________, live in a good neighborhood, and keep everyone in the house r_________________. Even if they can m_________________ that, it will p_________________ on n_________________ their spouse and children. Research has shown these d_________________ from childhood can p_________________.

It is nonetheless more important to p_________________ a job that is f_________________. The v _________________ of the world dislikes their job and a large percentage of these people have difficulty r_________________ their f_________________ with their d_________________. An unhappy employee is more likely to be s_________________ with co-workers, complain to friends, and r_________________ their family for the b_________________ they must s_________________ for their w_________________. More of this persons daily interactions will be negative and this a_________________ over years to create the g_________________. F_________________ the same person to enjoy their job and there is a s_________________ they will suddenly b_________________ the days of those around them.

Overall, f_________________ is more important and only in very r_________________ should an individual p_________________ in a job for its s_________________. Many r_________________ this once it is too late and they already have an e_________________ or their b_________________.

Listen and check:

IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer Essay Audio: Job Satisfaction/Security

Listening Practice

Watch the video below to review about this topic:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_cy2lvQbnU

Reading Practice

Read an interesting article from The New York Times on a related topic:

https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/02/21/magazine/elite-professionals-jobs-happiness.html

Speaking Practice

Answer the following questions from the real speaking exam:

Work (Model answer available on my Patreon)

  1. Are you student or are you working now?
  2. What do you like about your job/school at the moment?
  3. What job would you like to do in the future?

IELTS Speaking Model Answer: Voice (Real IELTS Speaking Exam/Test)

IELTS Speaking Model Answer: Voice (Real IELTS Speaking Exam/Test)

These are real questions that could come up on your IELTS speaking exam.

Check out some of my speaking sample answers for free on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@howtodoielts

You can find all the IELTS speaking questions and topics here.

Before reading my sample answers, you can practice

A. Answering them yourself first.

B. Listening to my audio answers and making some notes.

then enjoy!

Please consider signing up for my Patreon here in order to support my efforts and receive exclusive Ebooks and materials related to IELTS!

Dave

IELTS Speaking Model Answer: Voice (Real IELTS Speaking Exam/Test)

1. Do you like the sound of your own voice?

My voice has always bothered me actually. I think that it is a little too high-pitched and I wish that it was deeper. When I catch a movie, I get a bit jealous of the actors with their strong, gravely voices. But I’m over that now. I’m old enough now to accept the things about myself that I can’t change.

2. Has your voice altered a lot since you were younger?

Yeah, naturally, I don’t have a childish voice anymore. Like most people, my voice changed a lot when I went through puberty. That’s when I first became conscious of the way that my voice sounds. I doubt I ever gave it a second thought before it started to break and get a little deeper.

3. Is there anyone in your family with a similar voice?

That’s not something I’ve really paid much attention to but, yeah, I guess my brother has more or less the same voice as me. My dad’s voice is quite different, deeper. My mom, of course, has a very different voice. Hers is much softer and gentler, like most women. My grandfather had a really unique voice, very kind and deep.

4. Do you listen to recordings of your voice?

Yeah, all the time. I do a lot of online work that involves recording video and audio and I do all the editing myself so I listen to my own voice on recording everyday. At first, it drove me crazy to listen to it and I just had to get used to it but now I’m accustomed to it and it doesn’t bother me at all. I’d still rather listen to someone else’s voice!

Vocabulary

What do the words in bold below mean?

My voice has always bothered me actually. I think that it is a little too high-pitched and I wish that it was deeper. When I catch a movie, I get a bit jealous of the actors with their strong, gravely voices. But I’m over that now. I’m old enough now to accept the things about myself that I can’t change.

Yeah, naturally, I don’t have a childish voice anymore. Like most people, my voice changed a lot when I went through puberty. That’s when I first became conscious of the way that my voice sounds. I doubt I ever gave it a second thought before it started to break and get a little deeper.

That’s not something I’ve really paid much attention to but, yeah, I guess my brother has more or less the same voice as me. My dad’s voice is quite different, deeper. My mom, of course, has a very different voice. Hers is much softer and gentler, like most women. My grandfather had a really unique voice, very kind and deep.

Yeah, all the time. I do a lot of online work that involves recording video and audio and I do all the editing myself so I listen to my own voice on recording everyday. At first, it drove me crazy to listen to it and I just had to get used to it but now I’m accustomed to it and it doesn’t bother me at all. I’d still rather listen to someone else’s voice!

Answers

bothered upset/affected by

high-pitched sounds high, like a girl’s voice

deeper low, manly

catch a movie see a movie

jealous envious

gravely voices deep voices

accept be ok with

naturally obviously

childish voice young voice

puberty when kids become teenagers

conscious aware of

doubt question

gave it a second thought thought about it at all

break crack

paid much attention to was aware of

more or less generally

quite different very different

softer lighter

gentler calmer, quieter

unique voice special voice

all the time always

recording video taping

editing chopping up

drove me crazy made me nuts

get used to it accustomed to

accustomed to it used to

rather prefer

Pronunciation

ˈbɒðəd 
ˈhaɪˈpɪʧt 
ˈdiːpə 
kæʧ ə ˈmuːvi 
ˈʤɛləs 
ˈgreɪvli ˈvɔɪsɪz 
əkˈsɛpt 
ˈnæʧrəli 
ˈʧaɪldɪʃ vɔɪs 
ˈpjuːbəti 
ˈkɒnʃəs 
daʊt 
geɪv ɪt ə ˈsɛkənd θɔːt 
breɪk 
peɪd mʌʧ əˈtɛnʃ(ə)n tuː 
mɔːr ɔː lɛs 
kwaɪt ˈdɪfrənt 
ˈsɒftə 
ˈʤɛntlə 
juːˈniːk vɔɪs 
ɔːl ðə taɪm 
rɪˈkɔːdɪŋ ˈvɪdɪəʊ 
ˈɛdɪtɪŋ 
drəʊv miː ˈkreɪzi 
gɛt juːzd tuː ɪt 
əˈkʌstəmd tuː ɪt 
ˈrɑːðə 

Listen and repeat:

Speaking Tips

A few quick tips to help you, if you’re taking the test soon:

  1. Try to speak for 2 – 4 sentences for each answer and about 20-30 seconds. If you speak a bit longer or shorter it is fine. If you talk a lot more or a lot less then it will hurt your fluency score.
  2. Include specific detail – don’t be general. The more specific – the better vocabulary that will come out!
  3. Don’t ask the examiner questions. You can ask them to repeat the question (once) but that’s it.

Comment your own answers below for some feedback!

IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer General Training: Leaving School & Success (Real Past IELTS Exam/Test)

IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer General Training: Leaving School & Success (Real Past IELTS Exam/Test)

This is an IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample answer essay from the general training test on the topic of leaving school and being successful.

Enjoy it!

Please consider signing up for my Patreon here in order to support my efforts and receive exclusive Ebooks and materials related to IELTS!

Dave

Before reading, you can listen to the audio file below first:

IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer General Training: Leaving School & Success (Real Past IELTS Exam/Test)

Many people who drop out of school are more successful than those who complete their studies.

Why does this happen?

What does it require to be successful?

Real Past IELTS Exam/Test

There are numerous high-profile success stories about entrepreneurs who left school early. This happens because these people hone practical skills in the absence of academics and the main requirement of success is hard work.

Those who enter the labour market without academic qualifications have no choice but to compensate and make themselves concretely valuable. The most famous examples of this including Mark Zuckerberg and Steve Jobs make for compelling articles but are not representative of most drop-outs. Most get jobs doing some kind of manual or semi-skilled labour such as training to become an electrician, plumber or cook. These jobs can withstand market fluctuations and with accumulated experience earn a high salary comparable to most university graduates and even many doctorate students.

The cliché that no one gets anywhere without working hard is true. If you choose to remain in school or drop out and enter the workforce, concerted effort will typically yield results. The examples of people getting rich quick or without much effort are appealing outliers but not instructive. A better example of the application of sustained perseverance is Dr. Seuss. His children’s books were continually rejected for more than two decades while he worked as a newspaper cartoonist to make ends meet. He continued to hone his craft and the quality of his work ensured that as long as he stuck with it, he would eventually be published. His wild success cannot be counted upon but everyone who dedicates themselves to a quality product will at least reap modest rewards.

In conclusion, those who stop studying find themselves valued for their practical skills and the key to success is hard work. Technology has disrupted the job market drastically but hard work and commitment applied to any trade will always be eminently employable skills.

Word Count: 295

Analysis

1. There are numerous high-profile success stories about entrepreneurs who left school early. 2. This happens because these people hone practical skills in the absence of academics and the main requirement of success is hard work.

  1. Paraphrase the overall topic for the esay.
  2. State your opinion clearly.

1. Those who enter the labour market without academic qualifications have no choice but to compensate and make themselves concretely valuable. 2. The most famous examples of this including Mark Zuckerberg and Steve Jobs make for compelling articles but are not representative of most drop-outs. 3. Most get jobs doing some kind of manual or semi-skilled labour such as training to become an electrician, plumber or cook. 4. These jobs can withstand market fluctuations and with accumulated experience earn a high salary comparable to most university graduates and even many doctorate students.

  1. Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
  2. Begin an example to develop your main idea.
  3. Continue developing your main idea with specific support.
  4. Conclude your paragraph with more supporting ideas – not a new main idea!

1. The cliché that no one gets anywhere without working hard is true. 2. If you choose to remain in school or drop out and enter the workforce, concerted effort will typically yield results. 3. The examples of people getting rich quick or without much effort are appealing outliers but not instructive. 4. A better example of the application of sustained perseverance is Dr. Seuss. 5. His children’s books were continually rejected for more than two decades while he worked as a newspaper cartoonist to make ends meet. 6. He continued to hone his craft and the quality of his work ensured that as long as he stuck with it, he would eventually be published. 7. His wild success cannot be counted upon but everyone who dedicates themselves to a quality product will at least reap modest rewards.

  1. Write another topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
  2. Begin to develop your main idea.
  3. Here I dismiss irrelevant examples because they don’t apply to most people.
  4. Then I begin a better example.
  5. I develop that example.
  6. And keep developing the same example.
  7. I conclude the paragraph by making it more general and applying it to people who do not become famous.

1. In conclusion, those who stop studying find themselves valued for their practical skills and the key to success is hard work. 2. Technology has disrupted the job market drastically but hard work and commitment applied to any trade will always be eminently employable skills.

  1. Repeat your opinion.
  2. Add a final thought/extra detail for full marks from the IELTS examiner.

Vocabulary

What do the words in bold below mean?

There are numerous high-profile success stories about entrepreneurs who left school early. This happens because these people hone practical skills in the absence of academics and the main requirement of success is hard work.

Those who enter the labour market without academic qualifications have no choice but to compensate and make themselves concretely valuable. The most famous examples of this including Mark Zuckerberg and Steve Jobs make for compelling articles but are not representative of most drop-outs. Most get jobs doing some kind of manual or semi-skilled labour such as training to become an electrician, plumber or cook. These jobs can withstand market fluctuations and with accumulated experience earn a high salary comparable to most university graduates and even many doctorate students.

The cliché that no one gets anywhere without working hard is true. If you choose to remain in school or drop out and enter the workforce, concerted effort will typically yield results. The examples of people getting rich quick or without much effort are appealing outliers but not instructive. A better example of the application of sustained perseverance is Dr. Seuss. His children’s books were continually rejected for more than two decades while he worked as a newspaper cartoonist to make ends meet. He continued to hone his craft and the quality of his work ensured that as long as he stuck with it, he would eventually be published. His wild success cannot be counted upon but everyone who dedicates themselves to a quality product will at least reap modest rewards.

In conclusion, those who stop studying find themselves valued for their practical skills and the key to success is hard work. Technology has disrupted the job market drastically but hard work and commitment applied to any trade will always be eminently employable skills.

Answers

numerous high-profile success stories many well-known examples

entrepreneurs people who start their own businesses

hone perfect/improve

in the absence of without

main requirement prerequisite

labour market employment/jobs

academic qualifications degrees and certificates

compensate make up for

concretely valuable actual importance/use

compelling articles interesting news stories

not representative don’t stand in for

drop-outs people who quit school

manual using your hands/body rather than mind

semi-skilled labour work requiring some skill

electrician, plumber examples of semi-skilled labour

withstand market fluctuations not effected by economic problems

accumulated experience time spent working

comparable related/contrasting

doctorate students PhD students

cliché common expression

no one gets anywhere you will not be successful

enter the workforce get a job

concerted effort working hard

typically yield results usually successful

getting rich quick making money suddenly

appealing outliers people like to here about these fantasies

instructive teaches/shows

application of sustained perseverance continuing to work hard

Dr. Seuss a children’s book writer from the United States

continually rejected turned away again and again

newspaper cartoonist person who draws comics for papers

make ends meet make enough money

hone his craft get better at his job

stuck with it continued doing it

published released to the public

wild success became very popular

counted upon relied on

dedicates commits

reap modest rewards get at least something out of it

valued considered important

practical skills skills that have useful applications

disrupted the job market drastically the types of jobs today have changed a lot

commitment applied to any trade perseverance in any sector

eminently employable skills very valuable qualities

Pronunciation

ˈnjuːmərəs haɪ-ˈprəʊfaɪl səkˈsɛs ˈstɔːriz 
ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜːz 
həʊn 
ɪn ði ˈæbsəns ɒv 
meɪn rɪˈkwaɪəmənt 
ˈleɪbə ˈmɑːkɪt 
ˌækəˈdɛmɪk ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃənz 
ˈkɒmpɛnseɪt 
ˈkɒnkriːtli ˈvæljʊəbl
kəmˈpɛlɪŋ ˈɑːtɪklz 
nɒt ˌrɛprɪˈzɛntətɪv 
ˈdrɒpaʊts
ˈmænjʊəl 
ˈsɛmi-skɪld ˈleɪbə
ɪlɛkˈtrɪʃən, ˈplʌmə 
wɪðˈstænd ˈmɑːkɪt ˌflʌktjʊˈeɪʃənz
əˈkjuːmjʊleɪtɪd ɪksˈpɪərɪəns 
ˈkɒmpərəbl 
ˈdɒktərɪt ˈstjuːdənts
klɪʃeɪ
nəʊ wʌn gɛts ˈɛnɪweə 
ˈɛntə ðə ˈwɜːkˌfɔːs
kənˈsɜːtɪd ˈɛfət 
ˈtɪpɪk(ə)li jiːld rɪˈzʌlts
ˈgɛtɪŋ rɪʧ kwɪk 
əˈpiːlɪŋ ˈaʊtˌlaɪəz 
ɪnˈstrʌktɪv
ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n ɒv səsˈteɪnd ˌpɜːsɪˈvɪərəns 
ˈdɒktə zuːz
kənˈtɪnjʊəli rɪˈʤɛktɪd 
ˈnjuːzˌpeɪpə kɑːˈtuːnɪst 
meɪk ɛndz miːt
həʊn hɪz krɑːft 
stʌk wɪð ɪt
ˈpʌblɪʃt
waɪld səkˈsɛs
ˈkaʊntɪd əˈpɒn 
ˈdɛdɪkeɪts 
riːp ˈmɒdɪst rɪˈwɔːdz
ˈvæljuːd 
ˈpræktɪkəl skɪlz 
dɪsˈrʌptɪd ðə ʤɒb ˈmɑːkɪt ˈdræstɪk(ə)li 
kəˈmɪtmənt əˈplaɪd tuː ˈɛni treɪd 
ˈɛmɪnəntli ɪmˈplɔɪəbl skɪlz

Listen and repeat:

Vocabulary Practice

Remember and fill in the blanks:

There are n__________________ about e__________________ who left school early. This happens because these people h__________________ practical skills i__________________ academics and the m__________________ of success is hard work.

Those who enter the l__________________ without a__________________ have no choice but to c__________________ and make themselves c__________________. The most famous examples of this including Mark Zuckerberg and Steve Jobs make for c__________________ but are n__________________ of most d__________________. Most get jobs doing some kind of m__________________ or s __________________ such as training to become an e__________________, p__________________ or cook. These jobs can w__________________ and with a __________________ earn a high salary c__________________ to most university graduates and even many d__________________.

The c__________________ that n__________________ without working hard is true. If you choose to remain in school or drop out and e__________________, c__________________ will t__________________. The examples of people g__________________ or without much effort are a__________________ but not i__________________. A better example of the a__________________ is D__________________. His children’s books were c__________________ for more than two decades while he worked as a n__________________ to m__________________. He continued to h__________________ and the quality of his work ensured that as long as he s__________________, he would eventually be p__________________. His w__________________ cannot be c__________________ but everyone who d__________________ themselves to a quality product will at least r__________________.

In conclusion, those who stop studying find themselves v__________________ for their p__________________ and the key to success is hard work. Technology has d__________________ but hard work and c__________________ will always be e__________________.

Listen and check:

Listening Practice

Listen to Xyra below talk about why she dropped out:

Reading Practice

Read about the keys to success below:

https://www.lifehack.org/articles/communication/3-keys-for-success-life.html

Speaking Practice

Answer the questions below from the real IELTS part 3 speaking exam:

Life Goals

  1. How important is it for people to set goals?
  2. Do people set different goals at different stages of life?
  3. Are personal goals more important than professional goals?
  4. What sort of goals do young people today set?
  5. Are people becoming more pessimistic about their life goals?

Writing Practice

Answer the related IELTS question below then review with my sample answer:

These days people spend more and more time at work and less time at home.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of this?

Real Past IELTS Test/Exam
IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer Essay: Crime TV Shows (Real Past IELTS Exam/Test)

IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer Essay: Crime TV Shows (Real Past IELTS Exam/Test)

This is an IELTS writing task 2 sample answer on the topic of crime TV shows from the real past IELTS exam/test.

It is a really interesting, really tough question.

I honestly don’t know why crime shows are so popular today. There are a lot of possible reasons and some of them may be true.

I just chose one reason and supported it full.

The real answer is fit for a book so just choose a simple reason and support it fully.

Read it below and check out my exclusive Patreon essays here!

Dave

Listen to the audio file before reading and take notes on the key vocabulary:

IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer Essay: Crime TV Shows (Real Past IELTS Exam/Test)

Watching TV shows and movies about crime is becoming more and more popular.

Why is this?

What effect does that have on society?

Real Past IELTS Exam/Test

The frenzy over crime shows in recent years has led many to question both the origins of this morbid interest and its impact. In my opinion, people watch these shows to dispel or safely confirm psychological similarities with killers and the result for society will be negligible in most cases.

The reason people watch crime shows is to understand and compare the psychology of killers. The mystery of these shows goes deeper than figuring out which suspect is the real perpetrator. Audiences are chiefly concerned with motive and the best shows analyse compelling, complex personality archetypes. People can then try to parse out whether or not these individuals are driven by human nature and are just expressing their desires differently from law-abiding citizens or if they are qualitatively different from the average person. Some watch to try to unequivocally differentiate themselves while others experience a guilty, unconscious pleasure in identification and vicarious living.

The end result of all these shows related to crime will amount to nothing in the final analysis. There will be some exceptions where individuals develop an unhealthy obsession that isolates them from normal society or claim them as excuses for their own crimes but this is just as likely to occur with any form of entertainment. The majority of people watch these shows, think about them and talk about them just as they discuss a book or a sports team. Research has been unable to show any direct link between watching crime shows and committing crimes or altering one’s outlook towards others. Similarly, they will not have a positive impact since most people do not watch them to get tips to avoid criminals and the sample sizes for the crimes taking place are too small relative to the knowledge gained.

In conclusion, people watch crime shows to exonerate or convict themselves and it is a benign obsession. It is more important for psychologists to examine the drive to fascination than its object.

Analysis

1. The frenzy over crime shows in recent years has led many to question both the origins of this morbid interest and its impact. 2. In my opinion, people watch these shows to dispel or safely confirm psychological similarities with killers and the result for society will be negligible in most cases.

  1. Paraphrase the overall topic for the whole essay.
  2. Answer both questions directly.

1. The reason people watch crime shows is to understand and compare the psychology of killers. 2. The mystery of these shows goes deeper than figuring out which suspect is the real perpetrator. 3. Audiences are chiefly concerned with motive and the best shows analyse compelling, complex personality archetypes. 4. People can then try to parse out whether or not these individuals are driven by human nature and are just expressing their desires differently from law-abiding citizens or if they are qualitatively different from the average person. 5. Some watch to try to unequivocally differentiate themselves while others experience a guilty, unconscious pleasure in identification and vicarious living.

  1. Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
  2. Explain your main idea.
  3. Begin developing your main idea with specific details.
  4. Keep supporting your argument. Make sure your ideas are logical and link to the previous sentence.
  5. Conclude your argument – you don’t have to summarise the paragraph!

1. The end result of all these shows related to crime will amount to nothing in the final analysis. 2. There will be some exceptions where individuals develop an unhealthy obsession that isolates them from normal society or claim them as excuses for their own crimes but this is just as likely to occur with any form of entertainment. 3. The majority of people watch these shows, think about them and talk about them just as they discuss a book or a sports team. 4. Research has been unable to show any direct link between watching crime shows and committing crimes or altering one’s outlook towards others. 5. Similarly, they will not have a positive impact since most people do not watch them to get tips to avoid criminals and the sample sizes for the crimes taking place are too small relative to the knowledge gained.

  1. Write another clear and simple topic sentence.
  2. Again begin to develop it. I start here with a concession.
  3. Here I use an analogy to make my argument stronger.
  4. I also quote research which is a good way to add in support.
  5. I conclude by covering whether or not there is any positive impact.

1. In conclusion, people watch crime shows to exonerate or convict themselves and it is a benign obsession. 2. It is more important for psychologists to examine the drive to fascination than its object.

  1. Repeat your answer to both questions to be 100% sure you get above band 5 for task achievement by fully answering the topic.
  2. Add in an extra detail/final thought.

Vocabulary

The frenzy over crime shows in recent years has led many to question both the origins of this morbid interest and its impact. In my opinion, people watch these shows to dispel or safely confirm psychological similarities with killers and the result for society will be negligible in most cases.

The reason people watch crime shows is to understand and compare the psychology of killers. The mystery of these shows goes deeper than figuring out which suspect is the real perpetrator. Audiences are chiefly concerned with motive and the best shows analyse compelling, complex personality archetypes. People can then try to parse out whether or not these individuals are driven by human nature and are just expressing their desires differently from law-abiding citizens or if they are qualitatively different from the average person. Some watch to try to unequivocally differentiate themselves while others experience a guilty, unconscious pleasure in identification and vicarious living.

The end result of all these shows related to crime will amount to nothing in the final analysis. There will be some exceptions where individuals develop an unhealthy obsession that isolates them from normal society or claim them as excuses for their own crimes but this is just as likely to occur with any form of entertainment. The majority of people watch these shows, think about them and talk about them just as they discuss a book or a sports team. Research has been unable to show any direct link between watching crime shows and committing crimes or altering one’s outlook towards others. Similarly, they will not have a positive impact since most people do not watch them to get tips to avoid criminals and the sample sizes for the crimes taking place are too small relative to the knowledge gained.

In conclusion, people watch crime shows to exonerate or convict themselves and it is a benign obsession. It is more important for psychologists to examine the drive to fascination than its object.

Answers

frenzy obsession with

question wonder about

origins source

morbid interest dark fascination

dispel dismiss

safely confirm without risk show the connection

psychological similarities same way of thinking

negligible not a major factor

mystery enigma/riddle

deeper not superficial

figuring out knowing

suspect who might have done it

real perpetrator actual guilty criminal

chiefly concerned mostly interested in

motive reason

compelling influential

complex personality archetypes complicated type of person

parse out break down

driven encouraged

human nature nature

expressing their desires differently sublimating

law-abiding citizens people who don’t break the law

qualitatively different a real distinction

average person common person

unequivocally differentiate definitely different

guilty did the crime

unconscious pleasure unacknowledged joy

identification relate to

vicarious living living through others

amount to adds up to

in the final analysis in the end

exceptions outside the norm

unhealthy obsession dark faschinations

isolates makes separate

claim say/think

excuses reasons

just as likely to occur equally possible it will happen

just as the same as

direct link clear cause/effect relationship

altering one’s outlook towards others being less empathetic

sample sizes a group representing a larger group

crimes taking place criminal acts happening

relative to in comparison to

exonerate clear of all wrong-doing

convict criminal

benign harmless

fascination interest in

object who/what is acted upon

Pronunciation

ˈfrɛnzi 
ˈkwɛsʧən 
ˈɒrɪʤɪnz 
ˈmɔːbɪd ˈɪntrɪst 
dɪsˈpɛl 
ˈseɪfli kənˈfɜːm 
ˌsaɪkəˈlɒʤɪkəl ˌsɪmɪˈlærɪtiz 
ˈnɛglɪʤəbl 
ˈmɪstəri 
ˈdiːpə 
ˈfɪgərɪŋ aʊt 
ˈsʌspɛkt 
rɪəl ˈpɜːpɪtreɪtə
ˈʧiːfli kənˈsɜːnd 
ˈməʊtɪv 
kəmˈpɛlɪŋ
ˈkɒmplɛks ˌpɜːsəˈnælɪti ˈɑːkɪtaɪps
pɑːz aʊt 
ˈdrɪvn 
ˈhjuːmən ˈneɪʧə 
ɪksˈprɛsɪŋ ðeə dɪˈzaɪəz ˈdɪfrəntli 
ˈlɔːəˌbaɪdɪŋ ˈsɪtɪznz 
ˈkwɒlɪtətɪvli ˈdɪfrənt 
ˈævərɪʤ ˈpɜːsn
ˌʌnɪˈkwɪvəkəli ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃɪeɪt
ˈgɪlti
ʌnˈkɒnʃəs ˈplɛʒə 
aɪˌdɛntɪfɪˈkeɪʃən 
vaɪˈkeərɪəs ˈlɪvɪŋ
əˈmaʊnt tuː 
ɪn ðə ˈfaɪnl əˈnæləsɪs
ɪkˈsɛpʃənz 
ʌnˈhɛlθi əbˈsɛʃənz 
ˈaɪsəleɪts 
kleɪm 
ɪksˈkjuːsɪz 
ʤʌst æz ˈlaɪkli tuː əˈkɜː 
ʤʌst æz 
dɪˈrɛkt lɪŋk 
ˈɔːltərɪŋ wʌnz ˈaʊtlʊk təˈwɔːdz ˈʌðəz
ˈsɑːmpl ˈsaɪzɪz 
kraɪmz ˈteɪkɪŋ pleɪs 
ˈrɛlətɪv tuː 
ɪgˈzɒnəreɪt 
ˈkɒnvɪkt 
bɪˈnaɪn 
ˌfæsɪˈneɪʃən 
ˈɒbʤɪkt

Listen and repeat:

Vocabulary Practice

The f______________ over crime shows in recent years has led many to q______________ both the o______________ of this m______________ and its impact. In my opinion, people watch these shows to d______________ or s______________ p______________ with killers and the result for society will be n______________ in most cases.

The reason people watch crime shows is to understand and compare the psychology of killers. The m______________ of these shows goes d______________ than f______________ which s______________ is the r______________. Audiences are c______________ with m______________ and the best shows analyse c______________, c______________. People can then try to p______________ whether or not these individuals are d______________ by h______________ and are just e______________ from l______________ or if they are q______________ from the a______________. Some watch to try to u______________ themselves while others experience a g______________, u______________ in i______________ and v______________.

The end result of all these shows related to crime will a______________ nothing i______________. There will be some e______________ where individuals develop an u______________ that i______________ them from normal society or c______________ them as e______________ for their own crimes but this is j______________ with any form of entertainment. The majority of people watch these shows, think about them and talk about them j______________ they discuss a book or a sports team. Research has been unable to show any d______________ between watching crime shows and committing crimes or a______________ . Similarly, they will not have a positive impact since most people do not watch them to get tips to avoid criminals and the s______________ for the c______________ are too small r______________ the knowledge gained.

In conclusion, people watch crime shows to e______________ or c______________ themselves and it is a b______________ obsession. It is more important for psychologists to examine the drive to f______________ than its o______________.

Listen and check:

Listening Practice

Watch the video below from some ideas from a real psychologist:

Reading Practice

Here is an article about its effect for your other paragraph:

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-47474996

Speaking Practice

Answer these questions from the real IELTS speaking exam:

Crime

  1. Why do people commit crimes?
  2. How can criminals be rehabilitated?
  3. What is the purpose of punishment?
  4. Are punishment and revenge the same?
  5. Will crime become less common in the future?

Writing Practice

Write about the following topic then read my sample answer below:

The crime rate nowadays is decreasing compared to the past due to advances in technology.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Real Past IELTS Exam/Test
IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer Essay: Technology (Real Past Exam/Test)

IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer Essay: Technology (Real Past Exam/Test)

This is an IELTS Writing Task 2 sample answer essay on the topic of technology from a real past IELTS exam/test.

Here are some important links to help you improve your scores as well:

Exlusive Patreon Essays

Recent IELTS Writing Task 1 Topics

Recent IELTS Writing Task 2 Topics

Recent IELTS Speaking Topics

Enjoy!

-Dave

IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer Essay: Technology (Real Past Exam/Test)

Some believe technology has made our lives too complex and the solution is to lead a simpler life without technology.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Real Past IELTS Tests

Many are of the opinion that technology has done more harm than good and we ought to simplify in order to lead more fulfilling lives. I agree that technology has its drawbacks but I think turning away from technology is impractical.

The main reason that technology has complicated life for people today is that it has made people perpetually available. In the past, a worker might work a 9 to 5 then come home to spend time with their family, have dinner and enjoy their private life. That simplicity is largely no longer the case. Once work ends, you can still get email notifications and phone calls from managers or co-workers. The end result is that you can never be fully present in the moment because work always threatens to pull you back.

Although life has become more complicated and this is a negative development, shutting yourself off from technology would only serve to isolate people from the world. If you want to stay in touch with friends and know about events in your area, it is essential to have a phone. You can use Facebook Messenger to cheaply chat with individuals or make group plans. Email is an indispensable element of nearly every job. Without it, you are filtering out quality jobs and predetermining manual work as your vocation.

In conclusion, although technology has hurt people, turning away from it is not feasible today without making drastic sacrifices. Instead, people ought to seek ways to compartmentalise technology in order to live happier, more satisfying lives.

Analysis

1. Many are of the opinion that technology has done more harm than good and we ought to simplify in order to lead more fulfilling lives. 2. I agree that technology has its drawbacks but I think turning away from technology is impractical.

  1. Paraphrase the overall topic for the essay.
  2. Include your opinion – choose a side!

1. The main reason that technology has complicated life for people today is that it has made people perpetually available. 2. In the past, a worker might work a 9 to 5 then come home to spend time with their family, have dinner and enjoy their private life. 3. That simplicity is largely no longer the case. 4. Once work ends, you can still get email notifications and phone calls from managers or co-workers. 5. The end result is that you can never be fully present in the moment because work always threatens to pull you back.

  1. Write a topic sentence with a main idea at the end – for me it is being perpetually available.
  2. Begin to develop it. I use a hypothetical example here.
  3. Vary up your long and short sentences for effect.
  4. Be specific – meniote the notifications, phone calls, etc.
  5. State the result to finish the paragraph.

1. Although life has become more complicated and this is a negative development, shutting yourself off from technology would only serve to isolate people from the world. 2. If you want to stay in touch with friends and know about events in your area, it is essential to have a phone. 3. You can use Facebook Messenger to cheaply chat with individuals or make group plans. 4. Email is an indispensable element of nearly every job. 5. Without it, you are filtering out quality jobs and predetermining manual work as your vocation.

  1. Write another topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
  2. Develop it with specific detail.
  3. Make sure that you use really specific examples such as Facebook Messenger.
  4. Keep developing the same main idea.
  5. State the result again.

1. In conclusion, although technology has hurt people, turning away from it is not feasible today without making drastic sacrifices. 2. Instead, people ought to seek ways to compartmentalise technology in order to live happier, more satisfying lives.

  1. Repeat your opinion.
  2. Include a final thought/extra detail for full points from the IELTS examiner for task achievement.

Vocabulary

Many are of the opinion that technology has done more harm than good and we ought to simplify in order to lead more fulfilling lives. I agree that technology has its drawbacks but I think turning away from technology is impractical.

The main reason that technology has complicated life for people today is that it has made people perpetually available. In the past, a worker might work a 9 to 5 then come home to spend time with their family, have dinner and enjoy their private life. That simplicity is largely no longer the case. Once work ends, you can still get email notifications and phone calls from managers or co-workers. The end result is that you can never be fully present in the moment because work always threatens to pull you back.

Although life has become more complicated and this is a negative development, shutting yourself off from technology would only serve to isolate people from the world. If you want to stay in touch with friends and know about events in your area, it is essential to have a phone. You can use Facebook Messenger to cheaply chat with individuals or make group plans. Email is an indispensable element of nearly every job. Without it, you are filtering out quality jobs and predetermining manual work as your vocation.

In conclusion, although technology has hurt people, turning away from it is not feasible today without making drastic sacrifices. Instead, people ought to seek ways to compartmentalise technology in order to live happier, more satisfying lives.

Answers

done more harm than good hurt more than helped

lead more fulfilling lives be happier

turning away giving up

impractical not useful/unrealistic

perpetually available can always be contacted

spend time with hang out with

private life personal life

no longer the case not ture anymore

notifications updates

end result final outcome

fully present in the moment mindful, not distracted

threatens risks

pull you back bring you back to

shutting yourself off isolating

only serve to isolate keeps you away from others

stay in touch keep in touch

essential crucial

cheaply chat inexpensively communicate with

indispensable element crucial part

filtering out avoiding

predetermining manual work making it so you can’t do other jobs

vocation job/calling

feasible realistic

drastic sacrifices big cuts, giving up a lot

compartmentalise technology keep your phone in its place

more satisfying lives living happier

Pronunciation

dʌn mɔː hɑːm ðæn gʊd 
liːd mɔː fʊlˈfɪlɪŋ lɪvz
ˈtɜːnɪŋ əˈweɪ 
ɪmˈpræktɪkəl
pəˈpɛʧʊəli əˈveɪləbl
spɛnd taɪm wɪð 
ˈpraɪvɪt laɪf
nəʊ ˈlɒŋgə ðə keɪs
ˌnəʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃənz 
ɛnd rɪˈzʌlt 
ˈfʊli ˈprɛznt ɪn ðə ˈməʊmənt 
ˈθrɛtnz 
pʊl juː bæk
ˈʃʌtɪŋ jɔːˈsɛlf ɒf 
ˈəʊnli sɜːv tuː ˈaɪsəleɪt 
steɪ ɪn tʌʧ 
ɪˈsɛnʃəl 
ˈʧiːpli ʧæt 
indispensible ˈɛlɪmənt 
ˈfɪltərɪŋ aʊt 
ˌpriːdɪˈtɜːmɪnɪŋ ˈmænjʊəl wɜːk 
vəʊˈkeɪʃən
ˈfiːzəbl 
ˈdræstɪk ˈsækrɪfaɪsɪz
compartmentalize tɛkˈnɒləʤi 
mɔː ˈsætɪsfaɪɪŋ lɪvz

Listen and repeat:

Vocabulary Practice

Remember and fill in the blanks:

Many are of the opinion that technology has d_________________ and we ought to simplify in order to l _________________. I agree that technology has its drawbacks but I think t_________________ from technology is i_________________.

The main reason that technology has complicated life for people today is that it has made people p_________________. In the past, a worker might work a 9 to 5 then come home to s_________________ their family, have dinner and enjoy their p _________________. That simplicity is largely n_________________ . Once work ends, you can still get email n_________________ and phone calls from managers or co-workers. The e_________________ is that you can never be f_________________ because work always t_________________ to p_________________.

Although life has become more complicated and this is a negative development, s_________________ from technology would o_________________ people from the world. If you want to s_________________ with friends and know about events in your area, it is e_________________ to have a phone. You can use Facebook Messenger to c_________________ with individuals or make group plans. Email is an i_________________ of nearly every job. Without it, you are f_________________ quality jobs and p_________________ as your v_________________.

In conclusion, although technology has hurt people, turning away from it is not f_________________ today without making d_________________. Instead, people ought to seek ways to c_________________ in order to live happier, m_________________.

Listen and check:

Listening Practice

Watch here about someone who gave up their phone for 30 days:

Reading Practice

Here’s a related article that may also help you think of some ideas:

https://www.npr.org/2011/07/14/137472487/what-it-means-to-be-always-on-a-smartphone

Speaking Practice

Mobile Phones and Smartphones

  1. What are the advantages of smartphones?
  2. Should children be allowed to own smartphones?
  3. Do you thinks have a major or minor impact on mental health?
  4. Where in your country is it not appropriate to use a phone?
  5. Do you think smartphone usage may decline in the future?

Writing Practice

Write about the following topic then check my sample answer essay below:

Many people believe that social networking sites (such as Facebook) have a huge negative impact on both individuals and society.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Real past IELTS Exams/Tests

IELTS Student Sample Corrections

The successful in technological development has created a more complicated life for people and in order to solve this issue and it is thought [A1] to live without the appearance of technology. In my opinion, I hold a balanced view in this issue.[A2] 

Living without technology could be the best solution to solve the complexity of our lives, especially for elderly or technophobes. The main reason is because in the present we are surrounded by technological devices, however, old people and those who do not want to adopt the great development of this will find it really hard to use, resulting in creating harder and more complex life for them. [A3] It can easily be seen that people aged 60 or above and technophobes will prefer using physical keyboard phones such as Nokia 550 rather than using state-of-the-art and newest smartphones like iPhone X or Note 8.[A4] 

However, without the need of technology, our lives could be quite hard in many situations that required devices. The main reason because by using smart devices, it helps to reduce the number of tasks needed, instead, it now becomes the responsibility of technological devices, these jobs will be done by machines, hence, increasing people’s life quality. In the past, women spent hours for household tasks, such as sweeping the floors and cooking meals for the whole family, now, these tasks are given to floor-sweeping robots and automated cookers, meaning they will have more time for leisure and their beloved.[A5] 

In conclusion, although living a life without technology could be true to solve the complicated lives in today’s world, using automated machines will handle many tasks that in the past humans needed to involve in.[A6] 


 [A1]Many are of the opinion that we should try to…

 [A2]Not a good idea to do this! It asks to the extent you agree/disagree – make it clear that you only partly agree!

 [A3]Way too vague! We already know this – describe how it is harder or more complex!

 [A4]This is confusing because this isn’t an argument about technology v no technology it is old v new technology so it is irrelevant….

 [A5]Good paragraph in general with a clear main idea and enough support. I’m not sure about the example though because people still do household chores and cook meals… Those tasks have become EASIER – that would be a better argument.

 [A6]There is no position in this essay! Just saying ‘I hold a balanced view’ is an automatic 5 for Task Achievement regardless of everything else…