The diagram featured above details the steps by which pu’erh raw and ripened tea are produced. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that there are 3 main stages beginning with initial deactivation and drying, followed by either aging or fermentation and finally storage in the case of the raw tea and compression for the ripe tea.
The process for both varieties of tea commences when the leaves are fried in pans in order to deactivate specific enzymes. This is followed by rolling of the fried leaves and drying in the sun. In the next stage, the two kinds of tea are treated in different ways.
For the ripe tea, the loose raw tea is fermented with mold and then compressed to form the final product. In terms of the raw tea, the leaves are first compressed. Subsequent to this step, the tea is aged, rather than fermented, and the pu’erh raw tea is then available for use.
Analysis
1. The diagram featured above details the steps by which pu’erh raw and ripened tea are produced. 2. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that there are 3 main stages beginning with initial deactivation and drying, followed by either aging or fermentation and finally storage in the case of the raw tea and compression for the ripe tea.
Paraphrase what the process shows.
Write a clear overview summarising the major groups. Read here about overviews for processes.
1. The process for both varieties of tea commences when the leaves are fried in pans in order to deactivate specific enzymes. 2. This is followed by rolling of the fried leaves and drying in the sun. 3. In the next stage, the two kinds of tea are treated in different ways.
Begin writing about the details of the process.
This one is tricky to get up to the word count (no longer required on IELTS) so try to make it a little wordy.
Include every step in the process.
1. For the ripe tea, the loose raw tea is fermented with mold and then compressed to form the final product. 2. In terms of the raw tea, the leaves are first compressed. 3. Subsequent to this step, the tea is aged, rather than fermented, and the pu’erh raw tea is then available for use.
Write about the rest of the process – include everything!
You might have to make it wordy at times…
Try to paraphrase some of the words from process as well.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
The diagram featured above details the steps by whichpu’erh raw and ripened tea are produced. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that there are 3 main stages beginning with initial deactivation and drying, followed by either aging or fermentation and finally storage in the case of the raw tea and compression for the ripe tea.
The process for both varieties of tea commences when the leaves are fried in pans in order to deactivate specific enzymes. This is followed by rolling of the fried leaves and drying in the sun. In the next stage, the two kinds of tea are treated in different ways.
For the ripe tea, the loose raw tea is fermented with mold and then compressed to form the final product. In terms of the raw tea, the leaves are first compressed. Subsequent to this step, the tea is aged, rather than fermented, and the pu’erh raw tea is then available for use.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
diagram featured above process detailed
details the steps by whichpu’erh raw and ripened tea shows how this kind of fermented drink is made
produced created
Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that overall
beginning with initial deactivation starting by making it less active
drying not wet anymore
followed by either aging or fermentation after that either letting it get older or letting it get moldy
storage in the case of keeping so that
compression forcing it together
varieties types of
commences begins
fried in pans in order to deactivate specific enzymes cooked to start the process
This is followed by rolling of next is folding it
In the next stage after that
kinds types
are treated in different ways processed differently
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
The d__________________________________________________________________________a are p_______d. L________________________________________________t there are 3 main stages b____________________n and d_______g, f_________________________________________n and finally s_____________________________f the raw tea and c_______________n for the ripe tea.
The process for both v_____________s of tea c_____________s when the leaves are f__________________________________s. T________________________f the fried leaves and drying in the sun. I_________________e, the two k________s of tea a__________________________________s.
For the ripe tea, the l______e raw tea is f____________________________________d and then compressed to f______________________t. I_________________f the raw tea, the leaves are first compressed. S__________________________p, the tea is a____d, r_______________n fermented, and the pu’erh raw tea is t____________________e.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic by watching from YouTube below and practice with these activities:
This is my IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay on the topic of online transfers of money to family, friends, and businesses from the real IELTS exam.
Be sure to sign up for my full IELTS EBooks here to support my efforts to keep writing these essays for students:
Today, many people use the internet and smartphones to transfer money to friends, family, and businesses.
Is this a positive or negative development?
An increasing number of individuals today take advantage of online applications to transfer money to friends, family, and various businesses. In my opinion, this is a largely positive development though there is greater potential for fraud, particularly among less internet-savvy segments of the population.
Those who oppose sending money online point out the potential dangers. When transferring money online, there is a chance that one’s password could be exposed to hackers, the transaction may be fraudulent, or the senders themselves might make a mistake in how much money is transferred. Most younger people are able to avoid these complications but older users are particularly vulnerable to fraud. For instance, every year thousands of retired citizens fall victim to identity theft after opening phishing emails and naively clicking on the links inside. Many of these individuals are unable to recover their money afterwards as cybercrime is a complex, international problem.
However, online transfers are tremendously convenient for the vast majority. In the past, a person who wanted to make a transfer to a family member, friend, or business would have to make a trip to the bank, wait in line, and fill in various forms. Not only do online transfers save time but they also allow for greater flexibility. Users can transfer sums to multiple parties, monitor their transactions, cancel them or ask for refunds, and keep their own records with ease. All these features would previously require additional trips and phone calls with a physical bank. In the aggregate, the time saved is a significant factor for individuals and business and the main reason online banking has become the de facto norm in recent years.
In conclusion, individuals must be mindful of potential fraud; however, transferring money online is a clearly beneficial technological advancement. There is little doubt that it will only become more pervasive in the future.
Analysis
1. An increasing number of individuals today take advantage of online applications to transfer money to friends, family, and various businesses. 2. In my opinion, this is a largely positive development though there is greater potential for fraud, particularly among less internet-savvy segments of the population.
Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.
1. Those who oppose sending money online point out the potential dangers. 2. When transferring money online, there is a chance that one’s password could be exposed to hackers, the transaction may be fraudulent, or the senders themselves might make a mistake in how much money is transferred. 3. Most younger people are able to avoid these complications but older users are particularly vulnerable to fraud. 4. For instance, every year thousands of retired citizens fall victim to identity theft after opening phishing emails and naively clicking on the links inside. 5. Many of these individuals are unable to recover their money afterwards as cybercrime is a complex, international problem.
Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
Explain your main idea.
Develop it with specific or hypothetical examples.
Keep developing it fully.
You might add a counterpoint here.
1. However, online transfers are tremendously convenient for the vast majority. 2. In the past, a person who wanted to make a transfer to a family member, friend, or business would have to make a trip to the bank, wait in line, and fill in various forms. 3. Not only do online transfers save time but they also allow for greater flexibility. 4. Users can transfer sums to multiple parties, monitor their transactions, cancel them or ask for refunds, and keep their own records with ease. 5. All these features would previously require additional trips and phone calls with a physical bank. 6. In the aggregate, the time saved is a significant factor for individuals and business and the main reason online banking has become the de facto norm in recent years.
Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
Explain your new main idea.
Include specific details and examples.
Add as much information as you can and make sure it links logically.
Continue your development.
Finish the paragraph strong.
1. In conclusion, individuals must be mindful of potential fraud; however, transferring money online is a clearly beneficial technological advancement. 2. There is little doubt that it will only become more pervasive in the future.
Summarise your main ideas.
Include a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
An increasing number of individuals today take advantage of online applications to transfer money to friends, family, and various businesses. In my opinion, this is a largely positive development though there is greater potential for fraud, particularly among less internet-savvy segments of the population.
Those who oppose sending money online point out the potential dangers. When transferring money online, there is a chance that one’s password could be exposed to hackers, the transaction may be fraudulent, or the senders themselves might make a mistake in how much money is transferred. Most younger people are able to avoid these complications but older users are particularly vulnerable to fraud. For instance, every year thousands of retired citizensfall victim to identity theft after opening phishing emails and naively clicking on the links inside. Many of these individuals are unable to recover their money afterwards as cybercrime is a complex, international problem.
However, online transfers are tremendously convenient for the vast majority. In the past, a person who wanted to make a transfer to a family member, friend, or business would have to make a trip to the bank, wait in line, and fill in various forms. Not only do online transfers save time but they also allow for greater flexibility. Users can transfer sums to multiple parties, monitor their transactions, cancel them or ask for refunds, and keep their own records with ease. All these features would previouslyrequire additional trips and phone calls with a physical bank. In the aggregate, the time saved is a significant factor for individuals and business and the main reason online banking has become the de facto norm in recent years.
In conclusion, individuals must be mindful of potential fraud; however, transferring money online is a clearly beneficial technological advancement. There is little doubt that it will only become more pervasive in the future.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
increasing number of individuals today take advantage of online applications more people now pay online
transfer send money
various businesses different companies
largely positive development mostly good
greater potential for fraud more of a chance of tricking people
particularly among less internet-savvy segments of the population especially with groups that don’t understand technology that well
oppose are against
point out argue
potential dangers possible risks
chance possibility of
password what you input to get into your account
exposed to hackers vulnerable to online criminals
transaction exchanging money
fraudulent criminal, fake
senders people who are transferring the money
make a mistake in how much money is transferred make errors when sending money
avoid not deal with
complications intricacies
older users people who are older
particularly vulnerable to fraud especially likely to be cheated
retired citizensfall victim people who don’t work any more taken advantage of
identity theft stealing someone’s private information
opening phishing emails clicking open emails that try to trick you
naively clicking on the links inside innocently opening the sites inside
unable to recover their money afterwards can’t get their money back
cybercrime online illegal acts
complex complicated
international problem global issue
tremendously convenient for the vast majority very easy for most people
In the past in the years before
make a trip to the bank go to the bank
wait in line stand around waiting to talk to a teller
fill in various forms write documents
allow for greater flexibility make it possible to do more
transfer sums to multiple parties send money to different people
monitor their transactions watch how their money is being sent
cancel them or ask for refunds void or ask for your money back
keep their own records with ease keep track of their own transfers
features benefits, applications
previouslyrequire additional trips in the past need to go there in person
with a physical bank actual location
In the aggregate combined
a significant factor for big element
the main reason online banking has become the de facto norm in recent years primary cause of the advent of online transfers is now what is normally done
mindful of aware of
clearly beneficial technological advancement definitely good innovations
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
An i_____________________________________________________________________________________s to t_________r money to friends, family, and v_____________s. In my opinion, this is a l_______________________________t though there is g____________________________d, p_________________________________________________________________________n.
Those who o_____e sending money online p____________t the p_______________s. When transferring money online, there is a c______e that one’s p___________d could be e____________________s, the t_____________n may be f____________t, or the s________s themselves might m____________________________________________________d. Most younger people are able to a_______d these c__________________s but o________________s are p________________________________d. For instance, every year thousands of r______________________________m to i__________________t after o______________________s and n____________________________e. Many of these individuals are u______________________________________s as c_____________e is a c_________x, i___________________________m.
However, online transfers are t______________________________________________y. I___________t, a person who wanted to make a transfer to a family member, friend, or business would have to m_________________________k, w_____________e, and f____________________________s. Not only do online transfers save time but they also a___________________________y. Users can t_____________________________s, m_________________________s, c___________________________s, and k______________________________________e. All these f_____________s would p________________________________s and phone calls w________________________k. I_________________e, the time saved is a_______________________r individuals and business and t_____________________________________________________________________s.
In conclusion, individuals must be m_____________f potential fraud; however, transferring money online is a c____________________________________t. T__________________________t it will only become more p____________e in the future.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic by watching from YouTube below and practice with these activities:
Here is my newest IELTS EBook, featuring the topic of assimilation – which is available only on my Patreon.com/howtodoielts.
The topic for this EBook is:
Some feel that individuals should try to assimilate completely to the country where they live while others feel it is more important to preserve their native culture.
In some parts of the world traditional festivals and celebrations have disappeared or are disappearing.
What problems is this causing?
What measures could be taken to counter this situation?
Around the world, many traditional festivals these days are at risk of becoming outdated and irrelevant. In my opinion, this contributes to issues concerning cultural disintegration and should be countered by citizens in concert with governments.
The main issues resulting from abandoning traditional festivals concern culture. More commercial holidays such as Black Friday and Christmas are gaining in popularity which naturally threatens smaller cultural groups and their festivals. For example, in China there are numerous ethnic groups living in remote areas that struggle to preserve their traditions over time as locals learn more about the outside world and leave their hometowns. As these groups disperse further both physically and virtually it will be a challenge for old traditions to persist and the results may impact the stories they hand down through generations, their language, traditional dishes and other aspects of culture.
The optimal remedies for the weakening of traditional cultures are for governments and individuals to actively encourage traditional festivals. Governments can make the greatest difference. For instance, states could fund organizations that aim to promote traditional festivals by staging local events and reaching out to older members of the community. Younger people could likewise attempt to engage more with their roots and connect with the sources of their culture. This occurs to some extent already when traditional festivals are advertised on social media to bring in a wider audience and greater attention.
In conclusion, the loss of traditional festivals is a boon to globalization and injures the cultural identity of various groups. This development must be confronted by locals of their own individual initiative and encouraged by governments.
Analysis
1. Around the world, many traditional festivals these days are at risk of becoming outdated and irrelevant. 2. In my opinion, this contributes to issues concerning cultural disintegration and should be countered by citizens in concert with governments.
Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.
1. The main issues resulting from abandoning traditional festivals concern culture. 2. More commercial holidays such as Black Friday and Christmas are gaining in popularity which naturally threatens smaller cultural groups and their festivals. 3. For example, in China there are numerous ethnic groups living in remote areas that struggle to preserve their traditions over time as locals learn more about the outside world and leave their hometowns. 4. As these groups disperse further both physically and virtually it will be a challenge for old traditions to persist and the results may impact the stories they hand down through generations, their language, traditional dishes and other aspects of culture.
Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
Explain your main idea.
Develop it with specific or hypothetical examples.
Keep developing it fully.
1. The optimal remedies for the weakening of traditional cultures are for governments and individuals to actively encourage traditional festivals. 2. Governments can make the greatest difference. 3. For instance, states could fund organizations that aim to promote traditional festivals by staging local events and reaching out to older members of the community. 4. Younger people could likewise attempt to engage more with their roots and connect with the sources of their culture. 5. This occurs to some extent already when traditional festivals are advertised on social media to bring in a wider audience and greater attention.
Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
Explain your new main idea.
Include specific details and examples.
Add as much information as you can and make sure it links logically.
Continue your development.
1. In conclusion, the loss of traditional festivals is a boon to globalization and injures the cultural identity of various groups. 2. This development must be confronted by locals of their own individual initiative and encouraged by governments.
Summarise your main ideas.
Include a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
Around the world, many traditional festivals these days are at risk of becoming outdated and irrelevant. In my opinion, this contributes to issues concerning cultural disintegration and should be countered by citizens in concert with governments.
The main issues resulting from abandoning traditional festivals concern culture. More commercial holidays such as Black Friday and Christmas are gaining in popularity which naturally threatens smaller cultural groups and their festivals. For example, in China there are numerous ethnic groups living in remote areas that struggle to preserve their traditions over time as locals learn more about the outside world and leave their hometowns. As these groups disperse further both physically and virtually it will be a challenge for old traditions to persist and the results may impact the stories they hand down through generations, their language, traditional dishes and other aspects of culture.
The optimal remedies for the weakening of traditional cultures are for governments and individuals to actively encourage traditional festivals. Governments can make the greatest difference. For instance, states could fund organizations that aim to promote traditional festivals by staging local events and reaching out to older members of the community. Younger people could likewise attempt to engage more with their roots and connect with the sources of their culture. This occurs to some extent already when traditional festivals are advertised on social media to bring in a wider audience and greater attention.
In conclusion, the loss of traditional festivals is a boon to globalization and injures the cultural identity of various groups. This development must be confronted by locals of their own individual initiative and encouraged by governments.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
Around the world globally
traditional festivals cultural celebrations
at risk of becoming outdated and irrelevant might start to be forgotten
contributes adds to
issues concerning cultural disintegration problems relating to cultures being lost
countered remedied
citizens in concert with governments people working together with the state
resulting from abandoning traditional festivals concern culture caused by not celebrating older festivals relate to tradition
commercial holidays festivals mainly concerned with making money
Black Friday the day after Thanksgiving when there are many sales
Christmas the holiday about the birth of Jesus
naturally threatens smaller cultural groups of course cause problems for minorities
numerous ethnic groups living in remote areas smaller cultural groups in less populated areas
struggle have difficulty
preserve keep alive
outside world the rest of the world
leave their hometowns move away
As these groups disperse further both physically and virtually when these peoples move to new places or learn more about the world
persist continue
impact effect
hand down through generations teach their children, grandchildren
traditional dishes older cuisines
aspects of culture related to culture
optimal remedies best fixes
weakening not getting stronger
actively encourage traditional festivals go out of their way to help older celebrations
make the greatest difference have the biggest impact
fund organizations give money to groups
aim try to
promote encourage
staging local events putting on celebrations
reaching out to older members of the community talking to one’s elders
likewise attempt to engage more with their roots similarly try to learn more about tradition
connect with the sources of get back into contact with the origins of
to some extent already to a degree
advertised marketed
social media Facebook, Instagram, etc.
bring in a wider audience and greater attention make more people notice it
loss disappearance
boon good for
globalization everyone around the world connecting
injures the cultural identity of various groups harms how groups of people see themselves
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
A__________________________d, many t______________________s these days are a__________________________________________________t. In my opinion, this c_____________s to i__________________________________________n and should be c____________d by c_________________________________s.
The main issues r_________________________________________________________e. More c_____________________s such as B_________________y and C____________s are gaining in popularity which n_______________________________________________s and their festivals. For example, in China there are n____________________________________________________s that s__________e to p____________e their traditions over time as locals learn more about the o________________d and l___________________s. A________________________________________________________y it will be a challenge for old traditions to p_________t and the results may i________t the stories they h__________________________________________s, their language, t____________________s and other a___________________e.
The o____________________s for the w______________g of traditional cultures are for governments and individuals to a_____________________________________________s. Governments can m______________________________e. For instance, states could f_____________________s that a__m to p________________e traditional festivals by s____________________________s and r_______________________________________________y. Younger people could l__________________________________________s and c________________________________f their culture. This occurs t_____________________________y when traditional festivals are a____________d on s________________a to b_______________________________________________n.
In conclusion, the l___s of traditional festivals is a b____n to g________________n and i___________________________________________s. This development must be c___________________y locals of their own individual i____________e and encouraged by governments.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic by watching from YouTube below and practice with these activities:
This is an IELTS speaking sample/practice test – but you will notice that the style is not exactly like the real IELTS speaking exam that focuses on the topics of meeting places, advertisements, and clothing.
"The highest quality materials anywhere on the internet! Dave improved my writing and vocabulary so much. Really affordable options you don't want to miss out on!"
