This is an IELTS writing task 1 sample answer essay on the topic of the process of making smoked fish.
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IELTS Essay Task 1: Smoked Fish Process
The diagram details the process of making smoked fish.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
The process details the steps by which smoked fish is produced. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that smoking fish can be divided into 3 main stages beginning with catching and transportation, followed by storage and processing, and finally further storage and transportation to fish shops for retail.
The process commences when fish are caught in nets and then transported by boat to a port. From this point, they are frozen and then later undergo a thawing process in fresh water. The next stage is to slice open the fish and put them in a salt water solution that also contains some amount of yellow coloring. Following this, the actual smoking takes place.
After smoking, the fish are packaged in boxes and frozen at zero degrees centigrade in larger containers. They are finally grouped into cold storage bins and distributed by truck to shops to sell to consumers.
Analysis
1. The process details the steps by which smoked fish is produced. 2. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that smoking fish can be divided into 3 main stages beginning with catching and transportation, followed by storage and processing, and finally further storage and transportation to fish shops for retail.
Paraphrase what the process shows.
Write a clear overview summarising the major groups. Read here about overviews for processes.
1. The process commences when fish are caught in nets and then transported by boat to a port. 2. From this point, they are frozen and then later undergo a thawing process in fresh water. 3. The next stage is to slice open the fish and put them in a salt water solution that also contains some amount of yellow coloring. 4. Following this, the actual smoking takes place.
Begin writing about the details of the process.
This one is tricky to get up to the word count (no longer required on IELTS) so try to make it a little wordy.
Include every step in the process.
Vary short and long sentences.
1. After smoking, the fish are packaged in boxes and frozen at zero degrees centigrade in larger containers. 2. They are finally grouped into cold storage bins and distributed by truck to shops to sell to consumers.
Write about the rest of the process – include everything!
Try to paraphrase some of the words from process as well.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Take some notes on a piece of paper to aid your memory:
The process details the steps by whichsmoked fish is produced. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that smoking fish can be divided into 3 main stages beginning with catching and transportation, followed by storage and processing, and finally further storage and transportation to fish shops for retail.
The process commences when fish are caught in nets and then transported by boat to a port. From this point, they are frozen and then later undergo a thawing process in fresh water. The next stage is to slice open the fish and put them in a salt water solution that also contains some amount of yellow coloring. Following this, the actual smoking takes place.
After smoking, the fish are packaged in boxes and frozen at zero degrees centigrade in larger containers. They are finally grouped into cold storage bins and distributed by truck to shops to sell to consumers.
Answers
Try practicing with the vocabulary below by writing an antonym/opposite word on a piece of paper (or just thinking of one):
The process details the steps by whichsmoked fishproduced the diagram shows the ways fish is made into smoked fish
Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that overall
can be divided into 3 main stages can be grouped into 3 big groups
beginning with catching and transportation starting with finding and taking to
followed by storage and processing after that keeping and making
finally further storage lastly keeping again
transportation sending to a place
fish shops places where fish are sold
retail for sale in shops
process commences diagram starts
caught in nets fishermen catch them
transported by boat to a port sent by ships to the docks where ships are
From this point starting here
frozen turned to ice
then later undergo a thawing process in fresh water after that the ice melts in water without salt
The next stage is to slice open the fish the fish are then cut open
put them in a salt water solution place in water with salt
contains some amount of yellow coloring has some yellow chemical in it
Following this after this
actual smoking takes place the real cooking happens
After next
packaged in boxes and frozen at zero degrees centigrade in larger containers put in containers at 0C and then bigger ones
finally grouped into cold storage bins lastly put into boxes that are very cold
T___________________________________________________________h is p_________d. L_________________________________________________________________t smoking fish c_______________________________________s b___________________________________n, f_______________________________________g, and f__________________________e and t__________________n to f_____________s for r_____l.
The p_____________________s when fish are c________________s and then t_____________________t. F______________t, they are f____n and t_______________________________________________r. T_______________________________h and p______________________________n that also c______________________________________g. F___________________s, the a____________________________e.
A______r smoking, the fish are p_________________________________________________________________s. They are f______________________________________________s and d______________________k to shops to sell to c___________s.
Listening Practice
Listen to the related topic below and practice with these activities:
Many governments think that economic progress is their most important goal. Some people, however, think that other types of progress are equally important for a country.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
Many today have made the argument that governments are overly focused on economic development to the detriment of more valuable areas of progress. In my opinion, though economic progress is often the catalyst for different forms of growth, the other areas are at least equally as important.
Supporters of economic progress point out its importance for individuals and societies generally. A thriving economy allows the average citizen to increase their quality of life in various ways. Individuals who are provided good jobs and lucrative opportunities are able to afford better healthcare, own a home potentially, purchase luxuries, and take holidays. In the aggregate, all these minor additions combine to ground a satisfied and happy life, though they are naturally not absolute guarantees. The clearest evidence of the value of this approach is that voters in democratic nations like the United States typically base their decisions primarily on economic factors.
However, economics is the basis for other areas of progress. This relates to education, standards of living, infrastructure, and, most importantly in the 21st century, the environment. In past centuries, individuals could be forgiven for considering economics to be the most important duty of governments. Today, the possibility that the Earth will face cataclysmic changes in the next century has dramatically shifted that calculus. Most researchers agree that overpopulation and the manufacturing and consumption of consumer goods are greatly exacerbating climate change and may lead to seismic disruptions for all life on Earth. Therefore, simply prioritizing the economic causes of a degrading environment would be short-sighted.
In conclusion, though economics is the basic foundation of modern civil societies, governments today should not neglect equally as crucial aspects such as the environment. The economy is means for enacting other reforms, not an end in itself.
Analysis
1. Many today have made the argument that governments are overly focused on economic development to the detriment of more valuable areas of progress. 2. In my opinion, though economic progress is often the catalyst for different forms of growth, the other areas are at least equally as important.
Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.
1. Supporters of economic progress point out its importance for individuals and societies generally. 2. A thriving economy allows the average citizen to increase their quality of life in various ways. 3. Individuals who are provided good jobs and lucrative opportunities are able to afford better healthcare, own a home potentially, purchase luxuries, and take holidays. 4. In the aggregate, all these minor additions combine to ground a satisfied and happy life, though they are naturally not absolute guarantees. 5. The clearest evidence of the value of this approach is that voters in democratic nations like the United States typically base their decisions primarily on economic factors.
Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
Explain your main idea.
Develop it with specific or hypothetical examples.
Keep developing it fully.
You can sometimes include the counterpoint here too.
1. However, economics is the basis for other areas of progress. 2. This relates to education, standards of living, infrastructure, and, most importantly in the 21st century, the environment. 3. In past centuries, individuals could be forgiven for considering economics to be the most important duty of governments. 4. Today, the possibility that the Earth will face cataclysmic changes in the next century has dramatically shifted that calculus. 5. Most researchers agree that overpopulation and the manufacturing and consumption of consumer goods are greatly exacerbating climate change and may lead to seismic disruptions for all life on Earth. 6. Therefore, simply prioritizing the economic causes of a degrading environment would be short-sighted.
Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
Explain your new main idea.
Include specific details and examples.
Add as much information as you can and make sure it links logically.
Continue your development.
Finish strong.
1. In conclusion, though economics is the basic foundation of modern civil societies, governments today should not neglect equally as crucial aspects such as the environment. 2. The economy is means for enacting other reforms, not an end in itself.
Summarise your main ideas.
Include a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
Many today have made the argument that governments are overly focusedon economic development to the detriment of more valuable areas of progress. In my opinion, though economic progress is often the catalyst fordifferent forms of growth, the other areas are at least equally as important.
Supporters of economic progress point out its importance for individuals and societies generally. A thriving economy allows the average citizen to increase their quality of life in various ways. Individuals who are provided good jobs and lucrative opportunities are able to afford better healthcare, own a home potentially, purchase luxuries, and take holidays. In the aggregate, all these minor additions combine to ground a satisfied and happy life, though they are naturally not absolute guarantees.The clearest evidence of the value of this approach is that voters in democratic nations like the United States typically base their decisions primarily on economic factors.
However, economics is the basis for other areas of progress. This relates to education, standards of living, infrastructure, and, most importantly in the 21st century, the environment. In past centuries, individuals could be forgiven for considering economics to be the most important duty of governments. Today, the possibility that the Earth will face cataclysmic changes in the next century has dramatically shifted that calculus. Most researchers agree that overpopulation and the manufacturing and consumption of consumer goods are greatly exacerbating climate change and may lead to seismic disruptions for all life on Earth. Therefore, simply prioritizing the economic causes of a degrading environment would be short-sighted.
In conclusion, though economics is the basic foundation of modern civil societies, governments today should not neglect equally as crucial aspects such as the environment. The economy is means for enacting other reforms, not an end in itself.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
Many today have made the argument some today point out that
overly focusedon economic development to the detriment of care too much about money and that hurts
more valuable areas of progress places that are more important to develop
though economic progress is often the catalyst fordifferent forms of growth despite the fact economics is the reason that other areas can develop typically
other areas are at least equally as important they are of the same importance
Supporters of economic progress point out those in favor of finance argue
importance value
generally overall
A thriving economy allows the average citizen to a good economy lets normal people
increase their quality of life in various ways improve standards of living a variety of aspects
provided given
lucrative opportunities good chances
afford better healthcare go to better hospitals
own a home potentially buy a house possible
purchase luxuries buy nice things
take holidays go on vacation
In the aggregate combined
all these minor additions combine to ground a satisfied and happy life these little factors add up to be the basis of happiness
naturally not absolute guarantees of course don’t mean it will happen 100%
The clearest evidence of the value of this approach is that the best support for this way of thinking is
voters in democratic nations like the United States residents in countries like the USA
typically base their decisions primarily on economic factors usually vote because of how the economy is doing
basis foundation
relates to concerns
infrastructure buildings, roads, schools, etc.
most importantly in the 21st century crucially today
In past centuries in the past
individuals could be forgiven for considering it was understandable to think
most important duty of governments the main responsibility
face cataclysmic changes in the next century things might get really bad over the next 100 years
dramatically shifted that calculus greatly changes one’s way of thinking about it
overpopulation too many people
manufacturing and consumption of consumer goods using products
greatly exacerbating climate change making global warming worse
may lead to seismic disruptions for all life on Earth can greatly hurt all animals and plants
simply merely
economic causes financial roots
degrading environment worsening nature
short-sighted not long-term thinking
the basic foundation of modern civil societies the basis of the world today
should not neglect equally as crucial aspects ought to not forget about other key areas
such as the environment including nature
The economy is means for enacting other reforms economics is a way to achieve other things
not an end in itself not just to be pursued for its own purpose
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
M__________________________________t that governments are o_______________________________n e______________________________________f m_________________________s. In my opinion, t______________________________________rd______________________________h, the o______________________________________________t.
S__________________________________________t its i______________e for individuals and societies g__________y. A____________________________________________________o i___________________________________s. Individuals who are p__________d good jobs and l_______________________s are able to a________________________e, o____________________________y, p____________________s, and t____________s. I_______________e, a______________________________________o g_______________________________e, though they are n___________________________s.T___________________________________________________t v______________________________________s t___________________________________________s.
However, economics is the b_______s for other areas of progress. This r________o education, standards of living, i_________________e, and, m_____________________________y, the environment. I_______________s, i___________________________________________________g economics to be the m____________________________s. Today, the possibility that the Earth will f___________________________________y has d_________________________s. Most researchers agree that o_______________n and the m_____________________________________s are g_______________________________e and m_____________________________________________h. Therefore, s______y prioritizing the e___________________s of a d_______________________t would be s___________d.
In conclusion, though economics is t__________________________________________s, governments today s___________________________________________________________t. T____________________________________________s, n____________________________f.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic by watching from YouTube below and practice with these activities:
This is an IELTS writing task 1 sample answer essay on the topic of underground railway systems in six major cities including the date opened, kilometres per route, and average passengers per year.
The table displays the date opened, number of kilometers and passengers each year in millions for subway systems in various cities. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that the earlier underground railways tend to be longer and now serve more passengers per year relative to the more recent ones. Tokyo stands out for serving by far the most passengers and London for being both the oldest and largest.
London opened first (1863) and is nearly twice as expansive (394 kilometers) as the second largest subway, in Paris, which opened in 1900 and is 199 kilometers long. However, Paris now has more passengers compared to London (1,191,000,000 to 775,000,000). Tokyo was the next oldest having been constructed in 1927 with routes measuring a total of 155 kilometers and being made use of by 1,928,000,000 passengers annually.
The more modern subways are Washington D.C. (1976), Kyoto (1981), and Los Angeles (2001). Washington is the largest of the 3 at 126 kilometers with 144,000,000 yearly passengers. Kyoto is by far the smallest (11 kilometers) and serves relatively few individuals (45 million). Similarly, the Los Angeles subway is 18 kilometers in cumulative length and only 50,000,000 people travel on it each year.
Analysis
1. The table displays the date opened, number of kilometers and passengers each year in millions for subway systems in various cities. 2. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that the earlier underground railways tend to be longer and now serve more passengers per year relative to the more recent ones. 3. Tokyo stands out for serving by far the most passengers and London for being both the oldest and largest.
Paraphrase what the bar chart shows.
Write a clear overview summarising the differences.
This one is a little complex so it needs a second sentence for the overview.
1. London opened first (1863) and is nearly twice as expansive (394 kilometers) as the second largest subway, in Paris, which opened in 1900 and is 199 kilometers long. 2. However, Paris now has more passengers compared to London (1,191,000,000 to 775,000,000). 3. Tokyo was the next oldest having been constructed in 1927 with routes measuring a total of 155 kilometers and being made use of by 1,928,000,000 passengers annually.
Begin writing about the data for the first categories.
Make sure you compare as much as possible.
There is a lot of data so this essay is a little longer than normal.
1. The more modern subways are Washington D.C. (1976), Kyoto (1981), and Los Angeles (2001). 2. Washington is the largest of the 3 at 126 kilometers with 144,000,000 yearly passengers. 3. Kyoto is by far the smallest (11 kilometers) and serves relatively few individuals (45 million). 4. Similarly, the Los Angeles subway is 18 kilometers in cumulative length and only 50,000,000 people travel on it each year.
Write about the final other parts of the graph – include everything!
Compare the categories.
This table has lots of data so your writing might be a little long.
Finish with the rest of the data.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
The table displays the date opened, number of kilometers and passengers each year in millions for subway systems in various cities. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that the earlier underground railways tend to be longer and now serve more passengers per year relative to the more recent ones. Tokyo stands out for serving by far the most passengers and London for being both the oldest and largest.
London opened first (1863) and is nearly twice as expansive (394 kilometers) as the second largest subway, in Paris, which opened in 1900 and is 199 kilometers long. However, Paris now has more passengers compared to London (1,191,000,000 to 775,000,000). Tokyo was the next oldest having been constructed in 1927 with routes measuring a total of 155 kilometers and being made use of by 1,928,000,000 passengers annually.
The more modern subways are Washington D.C. (1976), Kyoto (1981), and Los Angeles (2001). Washington is the largest of the 3 at 126 kilometers with 144,000,000 yearly passengers. Kyoto is by far the smallest (11 kilometers) and serves relatively few individuals (45 million). Similarly, the Los Angeles subway is 18 kilometers in cumulative length and only 50,000,000 people travel on it each year.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
displays shows
kilometers .62 miles
passengers people riding on them
subway systems underground railway systems
various different
Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that overall
tend to be are usually
relative to compared to
stands out for is noticeable because of
nearly twice as expansive almost double the size of
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
The table d_______s the date opened, number of k__________s and p____________s each year in millions for s___________________s in v_______s cities. L______________________________________________t the earlier underground railways t__________e longer and now serve more passengers per year r__________o the more recent ones. Tokyo s_____________r serving by far the most passengers and London for being both the oldest and largest.
London opened first (1863) and is n__________________e (394 kilometers) as the s______________t subway, in Paris, which opened in 1900 and is 199 kilometers long. However, Paris now has more passengers c_________o London (1,191,000,000 to 775,000,000). Tokyo was the n__________t having been c___________d in 1927 with routes m_______________________f 155 kilometers and b_______________________y 1,928,000,000 passengers a________y.
The m______________________s are Washington D.C. (1976), Kyoto (1981), and Los Angeles (2001). Washington is t________________________3 at 126 kilometers with 144,000,000 yearly passengers. Kyoto is b_____r the smallest (11 kilometers) and serves r_________y few individuals (45 million). S________y, the Los Angeles subway is 18 kilometers in c____________e length and only 50,000,000 people travel on it e________r.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic by watching from YouTube below and practice with these activities:
Some people believe that increasing tax on various industries will reduce pollution whereas others believe that there are better alternative ways.
Discuss both the view and give your opinion.
Many today argue that the environment can be best protected by heavily taxing various industries. In my opinion, though this has worked in certain cases, taxation is not as effective as more positive reforms.
The case for taxing industry is that it will discourage the worst practices of companies. This has been evidenced in the European Union where enterprises are taxed at higher rates, oftentimes depending on their relative carbon footprints. The result is that businesses are incentivized to adopt cleaner energy practices. The companies that are greener can therefore enjoy both the benefits of reduced taxes and the public opinion boost concomitant with eco-friendly initiatives. The caveat to this approach is that many multinationals are able to simply move their production facilities and waste to nearby nations.
Moreover, there are more positive policies that can encourage, rather than discourage, the corporate world. Taxation is a fundamentally reactive measure that supposes companies would not wish to inherently protect the planet. A more proactive approach would involve funding green industries. For example, companies such as Tesla have received billions in government subsidies to build stability for a green industry. Over time, more companies will be able to establish themselves and turn profits and there will be less of a need to use taxes to discourage industries from polluting. This solution will be longer lasting as it rewards good behavior instead of punishing bad behavior.
In conclusion, despite taxing industries having an immediate effect, a greater impact would result from subsidies for various companies. Governments should pursue this more positive strategy.
Analysis
1. Many today argue that the environment can be best protected by heavily taxing various industries. 2. In my opinion, though this has worked in certain cases, taxation is not as effective as more positive reforms.
Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.
1. The case for taxing industry is that it will discourage the worst practices of companies. 2. This has been evidenced in the European Union where enterprises are taxed at higher rates, oftentimes depending on their relative carbon footprints. 3. The result is that businesses are incentivized to adopt cleaner energy practices. 4. The companies that are greener can therefore enjoy both the benefits of reduced taxes and the public opinion boost concomitant with eco-friendly initiatives. 5. The caveat to this approach is that many multinationals are able to simply move their production facilities and waste to nearby nations.
Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
Explain your main idea.
Develop it with specific or hypothetical examples.
Keep developing it fully.
You can sometimes include the counterpoint here too.
1. Moreover, there are more positive policies that can encourage, rather than discourage, the corporate world. 2. Taxation is a fundamentally reactive measure that supposes companies would not wish to inherently protect the planet. 3. A more proactive approach would involve funding green industries. 4. For example, companies such as Tesla have received billions in government subsidies to build stability for a green industry. 5. Over time, more companies will be able to establish themselves and turn profits and there will be less of a need to use taxes to discourage industries from polluting. 6. This solution will be longer lasting as it rewards good behavior instead of punishing bad behavior.
Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
Explain your new main idea.
Include specific details and examples.
Add as much information as you can and make sure it links logically.
Continue your development.
Finish the paragraph strong.
1. In conclusion, despite taxing industries having an immediate effect, a greater impact would result from subsidies for various companies. 2. Governments should pursue this more positive strategy.
Summarise your main ideas.
Include a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
Many today argue that the environment can be best protected by heavily taxing various industries. In my opinion, though this has worked in certain cases, taxation is not as effective as more positive reforms.
The case for taxing industry is that it will discourage the worst practices of companies. This has been evidenced in the European Union where enterprises are taxed at higher rates, oftentimes depending on their relative carbon footprints. The result is that businesses are incentivized to adopt cleaner energy practices. The companies that are greener can therefore enjoy both the benefits of reduced taxes and the public opinion boost concomitant witheco-friendly initiatives. The caveat to this approach is that many multinationals are able to simply move their production facilities and waste to nearby nations.
Moreover, there are more positive policies that can encourage, rather than discourage, the corporate world. Taxation is a fundamentally reactive measure that supposes companies would not wish to inherently protect the planet. A more proactive approach would involve funding green industries. For example, companies such as Tesla have received billions in government subsidies to build stability for a green industry. Over time, more companies will be able to establish themselves and turn profits and there will be less of a need to use taxes to discourage industries from polluting. This solution will be longer lasting as it rewards good behavior instead of punishing bad behavior.
In conclusion, despite taxing industries having an immediate effect, a greater impact would result from subsidies for various companies. Governments should pursue this more positive strategy.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
environment nature
best protected by safeguarded in the best way
heavily taxing governments taxing
various industries different companies and businesses
though despite
in certain cases in some instances
not as effective as doesn’t work as well as
positive reforms active polities
the case for taxing industry the reason to impose taxes on businesses
discourage not encourage
worst practices most bad things they do
evidenced in support for this comes from
European Union collection of countries in Europe
enterprises companies
higher rates most taxes they must pay
oftentimes usually
depending on comes down to
relative carbon footprints how much each one pollutes
The result is that what happens from this is
incentivized encouraged
adopt cleaner energy practices be more environmentally friendly
benefits advantages
reduced taxes not having to pay the government as much
public opinion boost people supporting it, good publicity
concomitant witheco-friendly initiatives related to protecting the environment
caveat warning, drawback
approach way
multinationals international companies
production facilities factories
waste trash
nearby nations countries near there
positive policies good actions, proactive
encourage motivate
rather than instead of
corporate world businesses
fundamentally reactive measure basically responding to
supposes assumes
inherently protect naturally keep safe
proactive approach active way of dealing with it
funding green industries contributing to eco-friendly businesses
received billions in government subsidies got lots of federal money
build stability for form a strong foundation for
green industry eco-friendly businesses
over time in the long-term
establish create
turn profits make money
less of a need not necessity for
longer lasting will take a while
rewards incentives
instead of rather than
despite taxing industries despite making businesses pay
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
Many today argue that the e_____________t can be b_____________________y h________________________________________s. In my opinion, t_________h this has worked i_________________s, taxation is n_____________________s more p________________s.
T_____________________________y is that it will d_______________e the w___________________s of companies. This has been e______________________n the E____________________n where e___________s are taxed at h___________s, o___________s d_____________________n their r_____________________________s. T_________________t businesses are i_______________d to a________________________________s. The companies that are greener can therefore enjoy both the b_________s of r_________________s and the p____________________t c___________________he_____________________s. The c______t to this a__________h is that many m_______________s are able to simply move their p_____________________s and w_____e to n_______________s.
Moreover, there are more p___________________s that can e___________e, r___________n discourage, the c_____________d. Taxation is a f_______________________________e that s___________s companies would not wish to i______________t the planet. A more p_________________h would involve f____________________s. For example, companies such as Tesla have r_____________________________________________s to b_______________________r a g_______________y. O_______e, more companies will be able to e____________h themselves and t__________s and there will be l_____________d to use taxes to discourage industries from polluting. This solution will be l_________________g as it r__________s good behavior i_____________f punishing bad behavior.
In conclusion, d______________________________s having an i_________________________t, a g___________________t would result from subsidies for various companies. Governments should p_________e this more p_________________y.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic by watching from YouTube below and practice with these activities:
How are environmental problems dealt with in your country?
What can be done to make people recycle more often?
What is the most pressing environmental problem?
Is recycling a common practice in your country?
Are governments or individuals more responsible?
Writing Practice
Practice with the related IELTS essay topics below:
Governments in many countries have recently introduced special taxes on foods and beverages with high levels of sugar. Some think these taxes are a good idea while others disagree.
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