IELTS Essay Task 1: Prehistoric Tools

IELTS Essay Task 1: Prehistoric Tools

This is an IELTS writing task 1 sample answer essay on the topic of a prehistoric tool.

Please consider supporting my efforts to creative high quality IELTS materials for students around the world by signing up for my Patreon (and so you won’t miss out on any of my exclusive IELTS Ebooks)!

Dave

IELTS Essay Task 1: Prehistoric Tools

The diagrams below illustrate early toos from 1.4 million years ago and 800,000 years ago. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and making comparisons where relevant.

The diagram presents a comparison of prehistoric tools dating back 1.4 and 0.8 million years ago. Overall, the older tool is less refined with rougher edges, while the newer one appears smoother and better preserved.

Comparing the two tools from the frontal view, the one from 1.4 million years ago is slightly narrower, displaying a less defined shape. The more recent one comes to a sharper point with clearly rounded sides.

The side view reveals that the older tool is also bulkier with more jagged indents than the much smoother one from 800,000 years ago. Finally, in terms of the back view there is a distinctive contrast as the newer has fewer major cracks and closely mirrors its front side. The older tool, on the other hand, is approximately half the size overall and is chipped down greatly in the back.

Analysis

1. The diagram presents a comparison of prehistoric tools dating back 1.4 and 0.8 million years ago. 2. Overall, the older tool is less refined with rougher edges, while the newer one appears smoother and better preserved.

  1. Paraphrase what the essay shows.
  2. Write a clear overview summarising the major trends and differences.

1. Comparing the two tools from the frontal view, the one from 1.4 million years ago is slightly narrower, displaying a less defined shape. 2. The more recent one comes to a sharper point with clearly rounded sides.

  1. Write in more detail about the first view.
  2. Be sure that you are always comparing them.

1. The side view reveals that the older tool is also bulkier with more jagged indents than the much smoother one from 800,000 years ago. 2. Finally, in terms of the back view there is a distinctive contrast as the newer has fewer major cracks and closely mirrors its front side. 3. The older tool, on the other hand, is approximately half the size overall and is chipped down greatly in the back.

  1. Write about the next view and compare.
  2. Switch to the final view.
  3. Make sure you have detailed all the information.

Vocabulary

What do the words in bold below mean?

The diagram presents a comparison of prehistoric tools dating back 1.4 and 0.8 million years ago. Overall, the older tool is less refined with rougher edges, while the newer one appears smoother and better preserved.

Comparing the two tools from the frontal view, the one from 1.4 million years ago is slightly narrower, displaying a less defined shape. The more recent one comes to a sharper point with clearly rounded sides.

The side view reveals that the older tool is also bulkier with more jagged indents than the much smoother one from 800,000 years ago. Finally, in terms of the back view there is a distinctive contrast as the newer has fewer major cracks and closely mirrors its front side. The older tool, on the other hand, is approximately half the size overall and is chipped down greatly in the back.

Answers

presents shows

comparison differences

prehistoric tools tools made a very long time ago

dating back from a long time ago

less refined not as clear

rougher edges messy parts

appears smoother looks cleaner

preserved still in good shape

frontal view seen from the front

slightly narrower thinner a little bit

displaying showing

less defined shape not as clear of a shape

comes to a sharper point makes a point at the end

clearly rounded sides mosre circular sides

reveals shows

bulkier bigger

more jagged indents rougher

much smoother one cleaner, not jagged

in terms of the back view when it comes to the back

distinctive contrast clear differences

fewer major cracks not as many indents

closely mirrors similar to

on the other hand however

approximately around

chipped down greatly cut away at a lot

Pronunciation

ˈprɛznts 
kəmˈpærɪsn 
ˌpriːhɪsˈtɒrɪk tuːlz 
ˈdeɪtɪŋ bæk 
lɛs rɪˈfaɪnd 
ˈrʌfər ˈɛʤɪz
əˈpɪəz ˈsmuːðə 
prɪˈzɜːvd
ˈfrʌntl vjuː
ˈslaɪtli ˈnærəʊə
dɪsˈpleɪɪŋ 
lɛs dɪˈfaɪnd ʃeɪp
kʌmz tuː ə ˈʃɑːpə pɔɪnt 
ˈklɪəli ˈraʊndɪd saɪdz
rɪˈviːlz 
ˈbʌlkɪə 
mɔː ʤægd ˈɪndɛnts 
mʌʧ ˈsmuːðə wʌn 
ɪn tɜːmz ɒv ðə bæk vjuː 
dɪsˈtɪŋktɪv ˈkɒntrɑːst 
ˈfjuːə ˈmeɪʤə kræks 
ˈkləʊsli ˈmɪrəz 
ɒn ði ˈʌðə hænd
əˈprɒksɪmɪtli 
ʧɪpt daʊn ˈgreɪtli 

Vocabulary Practice

Remember and fill in the blanks:

The diagram p__________s a c______________n of p________________s d_______________k 1.4 and 0.8 million years ago. Overall, the older tool is l__________________d with r_________________s, while the newer one a_________________r and better p___________d.

Comparing the two tools from the f____________w, the one from 1.4 million years ago is s___________________r, d_____________g a l_________________e. The more recent one c____________________t with c____________________s.

The side view r__________s that the older tool is also b_________r with m___________________s than the m________________e from 800,000 years ago. Finally, i_______________________w there is a d__________________t as the newer has f______________________s and c_________________s its front side. The older tool, o______________________d, is a________________y half the size overall and is c________________________y in the back.

Listening Practice

Listen to the related topic below and practice with these activities:

Reading Practice

Read more and use these ideas to practice:

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/06/tools-human-early-migration-rainforest-sri-lanka/

Speaking Practice

Practice with the following related questions from the real IELTS speaking exam:

History

  1. Do you like reading books about history?
  2. Which country’s history is most interesting to you?
  3. Which historical event or period do you find most interesting?
  4. Why is it important to read about history?

Writing Practice

Write about a similar process below and then check with my sample answer:

IELTS Writing Task 1 Sample Answer Essay: Rainwater Diagram/Process (Real Past IELTS Exam)
IELTS Essay: Having Children Later

IELTS Essay: Having Children Later

This is an IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay on the topic of having children later in life from the real IELTS general training exam.

Please consider supporting my efforts to creative high quality IELTS materials for students around the world by signing up for my Patreon (and so you won’t miss out on any of my exclusive IELTS Ebooks)!

Dave

IELTS Essay: Having Children Later

Many people nowadays tend to marry and have children in their thirties rather than at a younger age.

Is this a positive or negative development?

These days, it is becoming increasingly common for couples to marry and start a family later in life. Although there are risks associated with this trend, it is overwhelmingly positive as it allows individuals to lead fuller lives.

Those who decry these changes can justifiably point out the maturing effects of marriage and children. Just like going to school or getting a job, getting married and having children are milestones in life that both signal and push forward character development. A child is an especially important opportunity for growth as parents must subordinate their own needs to a greater good. If this occurs later, then a person may remain immature well into their 30s. It stands to reason that this lack of character development will permeate throughout one’s life and relationships and possibly become more fixed.

Nonetheless, the statements above cannot be generalised to all people and are greatly outweighed by the freedom gained. When a couple gets married and has children from a young age, they are sacrificing a great deal of freedom and opportunity. Assuming they were not born wealthy, it will be impossible to focus on a successful career and also be an attentive parent. The result is likely that they will either neglect their children, marriage, or career, all of which can instill resentment and foment future problems. On the other hand, those who delay marriage are naturally more experienced and ready for a long-term relationship with parental duties as well as likely more settled in a stable career that can relieve the financial strain most young parents must withstand.

In conclusion, though raising children later can lead to a protracted period of immaturity, the advantages related to lifestyle are undisputed. It is therefore important that companies and governments are receptive to this new reality.

Analysis

1. These days, it is becoming increasingly common for couples to marry and start a family later in life. 2. Although there are risks associated with this trend, it is overwhelmingly positive as it allows individuals to lead fuller lives.

  1. Paraphrase the essay topic.
  2. Write a clear opinion and include your main ideas if possible. Read more about introductions here.

1. Those who decry these changes can justifiably point out the maturing effects of marriage and children. 2. Just like going to school or getting a job, getting married and having children are milestones in life that both signal and push forward character development. 3. A child is an especially important opportunity for growth as parents must subordinate their own needs to a greater good. 4. If this occurs later, then a person may remain immature well into their 30s. 5. It stands to reason that this lack of character development will permeate throughout one’s life and relationships and possibly become more fixed.

  1. Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
  2. Explain your main idea.
  3. Develop your idea with specific detail.
  4. Keep developing it and relating it back to the overall essay topic.
  5. Conclude with a strong statement.

1. Nonetheless, the statements above cannot be generalised to all people and are greatly outweighed by the freedom gained. 2. When a couple gets married and has children from a young age, they are sacrificing a great deal of freedom and opportunity. 3. Assuming they were not born wealthy, it will be impossible to focus on a successful career and also be an attentive parent. 4. The result is likely that they will either neglect their children, marriage, or career, all of which can instill resentment and foment future problems. 5. On the other hand, those who delay marriage are naturally more experienced and ready for a long-term relationship with parental duties as well as likely more settled in a stable career that can relieve the financial strain most young parents must withstand.

  1. Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
  2. Explain your new idea.
  3. Start an example or a hypothetical example.
  4. Develop it by stating the results.
  5. Continue to develop it fully.

1. In conclusion, though raising children later can lead to a protracted period of immaturity, the advantages related to lifestyle are undisputed. 2. It is therefore important that companies and governments are receptive to this new reality.

  1. Repeat your opinion and summarise your main ideas.
  2. Add a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.

Vocabulary

What do the words in bold below mean?

These days, it is becoming increasingly common for couples to marry and start a family later in life. Although there are risks associated with this trend, it is overwhelmingly positive as it allows individuals to lead fuller lives.

Those who decry these changes can justifiably point out the maturing effects of marriage and children. Just like going to school or getting a job, getting married and having children are milestones in life that both signal and push forward character development. A child is an especially important opportunity for growth as parents must subordinate their own needs to a greater good. If this occurs later, then a person may remain immature well into their 30s. It stands to reason that this lack of character development will permeate throughout one’s life and relationships and possibly become more fixed.

Nonetheless, the statements above cannot be generalised to all people and are greatly outweighed by the freedom gained. When a couple gets married and has children from a young age, they are sacrificing a great deal of freedom and opportunity. Assuming they were not born wealthy, it will be impossible to focus on a successful career and also be an attentive parent. The result is likely that they will either neglect their children, marriage, or career, all of which can instill resentment and foment future problems. On the other hand, those who delay marriage are naturally more experienced and ready for a long-term relationship with parental duties as well as likely more settled in a stable career that can relieve the financial strain most young parents must withstand.

In conclusion, though raising children later can lead to a protracted period of immaturity, the advantages related to lifestyle are undisputed. It is therefore important that companies and governments are receptive to this new reality.

Answers

these days nowadays

increasingly common more and more popular

later in life as one gets older

risks associated with dangers inherent in

trend pattern

overwhelmingly positive definitely good

lead fuller lives more complete life

decry are critical of

justifiably point out good reason to claim

milestones important events

signal a sign of

push forward hasten

especially important opportunity in particular key chance

growth development

subordinate make weaker/less important

a greater good something more important

occurs happens

remain immature stay a child

well into deep into

it stands to reason it’s clear that

lack of character development not growing as a person

permeate spread through

fixed unchanged

nonetheless regardless

statements above claims stated before

generalised made general about everyone

greatly outweighed much weaker than

freedom gained opportunity allowed for

sacrificing giving up

assuming if it is true that

impossible can’t happen

focus on prioritise

attentive caring

neglect not pay attention to

instill resentment cause one to be angry about

foment create

on the other hand however

delay keep from happening

naturally obviously

long-term relationship being together a long time

parental duties taking care of a child

likely probably

settled not changed

stable career good job

relieve lessen

financial strain money troubles

withstand deal with

protracted period of immaturity long time remaining young

lifestyle how you live

undisputed no doubt

receptive willing to listen to

new reality new situation

Pronunciation

ðiːz deɪz
ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli ˈkɒmən 
ˈleɪtər ɪn laɪf
rɪsks əˈsəʊʃɪeɪtɪd wɪð 
trɛnd
ˌəʊvəˈwɛlmɪŋli ˈpɒzətɪv 
liːd ˈfʊlə lɪvz
dɪˈkraɪ 
ˈʤʌstɪfaɪəbli pɔɪnt aʊt 
ˈmaɪlstəʊnz 
ˈsɪgnl 
pʊʃ ˈfɔːwəd 
ɪsˈpɛʃəli ɪmˈpɔːtənt ˌɒpəˈtjuːnɪti 
grəʊθ 
səˈbɔːdnɪt 
ə ˈgreɪtə gʊd
əˈkɜːz 
rɪˈmeɪn ˌɪməˈtjʊə wɛl ˈɪntuː 
ɪt stændz tuː ˈriːzn 
læk ɒv ˈkærɪktə dɪˈvɛləpmənt 
ˈpɜːmɪeɪt 
fɪkst
ˌnʌnðəˈlɛs
ˈsteɪtmənts əˈbʌv 
ˈʤɛnərəlaɪzd 
ˈgreɪtli aʊtˈweɪd 
ˈfriːdəm geɪnd
ˈsækrɪfaɪsɪŋ 
əˈsjuːmɪŋ 
ɪmˈpɒsəbl 
ˈfəʊkəs ɒn 
əˈtɛntɪv 
nɪˈglɛkt 
ɪnˈstɪl rɪˈzɛntmənt 
fəʊˈmɛnt 
wʌn ði ˈʌðə hænd
dɪˈleɪ 
ˈnæʧrəli 
ˈlɒŋtɜːm rɪˈleɪʃənʃɪp 
pəˈrɛntl ˈdjuːtiz 
ˈlaɪkli 
ˈsɛtld 
ˈsteɪbl kəˈrɪə 
rɪˈliːv 
faɪˈnænʃəl streɪn 
wɪðˈstænd
prəˈtræktɪd ˈpɪərɪəd ɒv ˌɪməˈtjʊərɪti
ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl 
ˌʌndɪsˈpjuːtɪd
rɪˈsɛptɪv 
njuː ri(ː)ˈælɪti

Vocabulary Practice

Remember and fill in the blanks:

T___________s, it is becoming i___________________n for couples to marry and start a family l______________e. Although there are r________________________h this t________d, it is o___________________________e as it allows individuals to l________________s.

Those who d_______y these changes can j______________________t the maturing effects of marriage and children. Just like going to school or getting a job, getting married and having children are m______________s in life that both s_________l and p_____________________d character development. A child is an e____________________________y for g_____________h as parents must s________________e their own needs to a________________d. If this o_______s later, then a person may r____________________e w___________o their 30s. I_____________________n that this l______________________________t will p____________e throughout one’s life and relationships and possibly become more f_______d.

N_____________s, the s_______________________e cannot be g__________________d to all people and are g______________________d by the f___________________d. When a couple gets married and has children from a young age, they are s_________________g a great deal of freedom and opportunity. A_____________g they were not born wealthy, it will be i________________e to f__________n a successful career and also be an a____________e parent. The result is likely that they will either n____________t their children, marriage, or career, all of which can i______________________t and f__________t future problems. O_________________________d, those who d__________y marriage are n_________________y more experienced and ready for a l_________________________p with p__________________________s as well as l_________y more s_____________d in a s_______________r that can r_________e the f____________________n most young parents must w______________d.

In conclusion, though raising children later can lead to a p________________________________y, the advantages related to l________________e are u_________________d. It is therefore important that companies and governments are r___________________e to this n____________________y.

Listening Practice

Learn more about this topic in the video below and practice with these activities:

Reading Practice

Read more about this topic and use these ideas to practice:

https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/singletons/201206/the-ideal-age-have-baby

Speaking Practice

Practice with the following speaking questions from the real IELTS speaking exam:

Sharing

  1. What kinds of things do you share with friends?
  2. Did your parents encourage you to share?
  3. Is there anything you would not share?
  4. Are people in your country in the habit of sharing a lot?

Writing Practice

Practice with the related topic below and then check with my sample answer:

Parents should take courses in parenting in order to improve the lives of their children.

To what extent do you agree?

IELTS Essay: Space Travel

IELTS Essay: Space Travel

This is an IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay on the topic of space travel from the real IELTS exam.

Please consider supporting my efforts to creative high quality IELTS materials for students around the world by signing up for my Patreon (and so you won’t miss out on any of my exclusive IELTS Ebooks)!

Dave

IELTS Essay: Space Travel

The first man to walk on the moon claimed it was a step forward for mankind. However, it has made little difference in most people’s lives.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

There are many who feel that research into space exploration has not made sufficient impact in the average individual’s life to justify its expense. In my opinion, there are valid reasons to ask this question but overall the cultural and scientific effect is all-encompassing.

Those who decry the wasted resources directed towards space programs point out the lack of readily apparent benefits. Sending a man to the moon and maintaining expensive telescopes and space stations do nothing for the average person struggling to pay their bills and vulnerable to sudden economic downturns. Most may casually watch the moon landing or the occasional NASA video on YouTube but that is hardly justification for billions of dollars over decades that could have made a real difference if diverted towards medicine, education, infrastructure, and a vibrant employment sector.

Nonetheless, the effects pertain deeply to culture and science. Firstly, putting a man on the moon was a moment that transcends mundane utilitarian concerns. It not only was an exercise in the power and majesty of the human race but also inspired countless individuals across a wide variety of industries to push for great achievements and have pride in mankind. Secondly, the advances made while researching space have led to concrete, beneficial discoveries. For example, there are now satellites in space making possible phone calls and internet access nearly everywhere on Earth. Countless other large and small innovations from microchips to increased fuel efficiency are also to some degree indebted to the national funding of space exploration.

In conclusion, far from being a waste of valuable resources, space exploration has been the driving force behind the continued progress of humanity. It should therefore continue to receive support.

Analysis

1. There are many who feel that research into space exploration has not made sufficient impact in the average individual’s life to justify its expense. 2. In my opinion, there are valid reasons to ask this question but overall the cultural and scientific effect is all-encompassing.

  1. Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
  2. Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.

1. Those who decry the wasted resources directed towards space programs point out the lack of readily apparent benefits. 2. Sending a man to the moon and maintaining expensive telescopes and space stations do nothing for the average person struggling to pay their bills and vulnerable to sudden economic downturns. 3. Most may casually watch the moon landing or the occasional NASA video on YouTube but that is hardly justification for billions of dollars over decades that could have made a real difference if diverted towards medicine, education, infrastructure, and a vibrant employment sector.

  1. Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
  2. Develop the idea.
  3. Use specific examples. Aim for 4-5 sentences in a paragraph – not 3 like I did in this one…

1. Nonetheless, the effects pertain deeply to culture and science. 2. Firstly, putting a man on the moon was a moment that transcends mundane utilitarian concerns. 3. It not only was an exercise in the power and majesty of the human race but also inspired countless individuals across a wide variety of industries to push for great achievements and have pride in mankind. 4. Secondly, the advances made while researching space have led to concrete, beneficial discoveries. 5. For example, there are now satellites in space making possible phone calls and internet access nearly everywhere on Earth. 6. Countless other large and small innovations from microchips to increased fuel efficiency are also to some degree indebted to the national funding of space exploration.

  1. Write another topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
  2. Explain it.
  3. Develop it as fully as possible.
  4. If you have a second main idea, switch over to it.
  5. Develop that one with an example.
  6. Finish developing it fully.

1. In conclusion, far from being a waste of valuable resources, space exploration has been the driving force behind the continued progress of humanity. 2. It should therefore continue to receive support.

  1. Repeat your opinion and summarise your main ideas.
  2. Add a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.

Vocabulary

What do the words in bold below mean?

There are many who feel that research into space exploration has not made sufficient impact in the average individual’s life to justify its expense. In my opinion, there are valid reasons to ask this question but overall the cultural and scientific effect is all-encompassing.

Those who decry the wasted resources directed towards space programs point out the lack of readily apparent benefits. Sending a man to the moon and maintaining expensive telescopes and space stations do nothing for the average person struggling to pay their bills and vulnerable to sudden economic downturns. Most may casually watch the moon landing or the occasional NASA video on YouTube but that is hardly justification for billions of dollars over decades that could have made a real difference if diverted towards medicine, education, infrastructure, and a vibrant employment sector.

Nonetheless, the effects pertain deeply to culture and science. Firstly, putting a man on the moon was a moment that transcends mundane utilitarian concerns. It not only was an exercise in the power and majesty of the human race but also inspired countless individuals across a wide variety of industries to push for great achievements and have pride in mankind. Secondly, the advances made while researching space have led to concrete, beneficial discoveries. For example, there are now satellites in space making possible phone calls and internet access nearly everywhere on Earth. Countless other large and small innovations from microchips to increased fuel efficiency are also to some degree indebted to the national funding of space exploration.

In conclusion, far from being a waste of valuable resources, space exploration has been the driving force behind the continued progress of humanity. It should therefore continue to receive support.

Answers

space exploration going to other planets, space

sufficient impact enough of an effect

average individual’s life normal person’s day to day life

justify give reason for

expense money, time

valid reasons good justifications

overall in general

cultural related to culture, art, society

scientific effect impact on technology, science

all-encompassing touches all

decry are critical of

wasted resources not well used

directed towards given to

space programs funding for space research

point out argue

lack don’t have

readily apparent benefits obvious advantages

maintaining expensive telescopes keeping up equipment

space stations places in space to do research

struggling to pay their bills having a tough time affording

vulnerable weak

sudden economic downturns the economy getting worse

casually without much care

moon landing getting to the moon

NASA American space agency

hardly justification not enough to give reason for

decades many years

real difference actual impact

diverted towards sent to

medicine health

education schools

infrastructure roads, buildings, etc.

a vibrant employment sector good jobs for everyone

nonetheless regardless

pertain deeply have a lot to do with

moment achievement

transcends mundane utilitarian goes beyond what is useful

exercise show

majesty power/beauty

human race mankind

inspired countless individuals encouraged many people

across a wide variety of industries in many fields

push try

pride self-esteem

mankind humanity

advances progress

concrete real

beneficial discoveries advantageous innovations

satellites things in space that help our phones

making possible allowing for

nearly almost

countless unlimited

innovations new ideas

microchips small computer chips

increased fuel efficiency using fuel better

to some degree indebted at least a little because of

national funding countries giving money

space exploration going out into space

far from being definitely not

valuable resources important money, time, etc.

driving force behind main push behind

continued progress keep getting better

receive support get money

Pronunciation

speɪs ˌɛksplɔːˈreɪʃən 
səˈfɪʃənt ˈɪmpækt 
ˈævərɪʤ ˌɪndɪˈvɪdjʊəlz laɪf 
ˈʤʌstɪfaɪ 
ɪksˈpɛns
ˈvælɪd ˈriːznz 
ˈəʊvərɔːl 
ˈkʌlʧərəl 
ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ɪˈfɛkt 
ɔːl-ɪnˈkʌmpəsɪŋ
dɪˈkraɪ 
ˈweɪstɪd rɪˈsɔːsɪz 
dɪˈrɛktɪd təˈwɔːdz 
speɪs ˈprəʊgræmz 
pɔɪnt aʊt 
læk 
ˈrɛdɪli əˈpærənt ˈbɛnɪfɪts
meɪnˈteɪnɪŋ ɪksˈpɛnsɪv ˈtɛlɪskəʊps 
speɪs ˈsteɪʃənz 
ˈstrʌglɪŋ tuː peɪ ðeə bɪlz 
ˈvʌlnərəbl 
ˈsʌdn ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk ˈdaʊntɜːnz
ˈkæʒjʊəli 
muːn ˈlændɪŋ 
ˈnæsə 
ˈhɑːdli ˌʤʌstɪfɪˈkeɪʃən 
ˈdɛkeɪdz 
rɪəl ˈdɪfrəns 
daɪˈvɜːtɪd təˈwɔːdz 
ˈmɛdsɪn
ˌɛdju(ː)ˈkeɪʃən
ˈɪnfrəˌstrʌkʧə
ə ˈvaɪbrənt ɪmˈplɔɪmənt ˈsɛktə
ˌnʌnðəˈlɛs
pɜːˈteɪn ˈdiːpli 
ˈməʊmənt 
trænˈsɛndz ˈmʌndeɪn ˌjuːtɪlɪˈteərɪən 
ˈɛksəsaɪz 
ˈmæʤɪsti 
ˈhjuːmən reɪs 
ɪnˈspaɪəd ˈkaʊntlɪs ˌɪndɪˈvɪdjʊəlz 
əˈkrɒs ə waɪd vəˈraɪəti ɒv ˈɪndəstriz 
pʊʃ 
praɪd 
mænˈkaɪnd
ədˈvɑːnsɪz 
ˈkɒnkriːt
ˌbɛnɪˈfɪʃəl dɪsˈkʌvəriz
ˈsætəlaɪts 
ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈpɒsəbl 
ˈnɪəli 
ˈkaʊntlɪs 
ˌɪnəʊˈveɪʃənz 
ˈmaɪkrəʊˌʧɪps 
ɪnˈkriːst fjʊəl ɪˈfɪʃənsi 
tuː sʌm dɪˈgriː ɪnˈdɛtɪd 
ˈnæʃənl ˈfʌndɪŋ 
speɪs ˌɛksplɔːˈreɪʃən
fɑː frɒm ˈbiːɪŋ 
ˈvæljʊəbl rɪˈsɔːsɪz
ˈdraɪvɪŋ fɔːs bɪˈhaɪnd 
kənˈtɪnju(ː)d ˈprəʊgrəs 
rɪˈsiːv səˈpɔːt

Vocabulary Practice

Remember and fill in the blanks:

There are many who feel that research into s_________________n has not made s_______________t in the a__________________e to j_______y its e_______e. In my opinion, there are v____________s to ask this question but o________l the c__________l and s______________t is a___________________g.

Those who d_______y the w_________________s d__________________s s_________________s p_____________t the l_____k of r______________________________s. Sending a man to the moon and m_____________________________s and s______________s do nothing for the average person s__________________________s and v_______________e to s____________________________s. Most may c______________y watch the m_________________g or the occasional N______A video on YouTube but that is h___________________n for billions of dollars over d_____________s that could have made a r_______________e if d_________________s m__________e, e___________n, i_________________e, and a___________________________r.

N______________s, the effects p_______________y to culture and science. Firstly, putting a man on the moon was a m____________t that t__________________________________n concerns. It not only was an e____________e in the power and m__________y of the h_____________e but also i________________________s a____________________________s to p____h for great achievements and have p_____e in m_________d. Secondly, the a_____________s made while researching space have led to c__________e, b____________________s. For example, there are now s_____________s in space m_____________________e phone calls and internet access n________y everywhere on Earth. C___________s other large and small i____________________s from m__________________s to i__________________________y are also t_______________________________d to the n_____________________g of s__________________n.

In conclusion, f_____________________g a waste of v________________________s, space exploration has been the d_______________________d the c________________________s of humanity. It should therefore continue to r___________________t.

Listening Practice

Learn more about this topic in the video below and practice with these activities:

Reading Practice

Read more about this topic and use these ideas to practice:

https://www.wired.com/story/space-exploration-and-the-age-of-the-anthropocosmos/

Speaking Practice

Practice with the following speaking questions from the real IELTS speaking exam:

Stars/Space

  1. Do people in your country often look at the stars?
  2. Why is it important to explore space?
  3. How can learning about space impact the daily lives of people?
  4. Will we find life on other planets?
  5. When will humans live on other planets?

Writing Practice

Practice with the related topic below and then check with my sample answer:

In the future, people may have to live on other planets. Some think that it is therefore important to spend money researching other planets such as Mars.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

IELTS Essay: Cities and Exercise

IELTS Essay: Cities and Exercise

This is an IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay on the topic of cities and exercise from the real IELTS exam.

Please consider supporting my efforts to creative high quality IELTS materials for students around the world by signing up for my Patreon (and so you won’t miss out on any of my exclusive IELTS Ebooks)!

Dave

IELTS Essay: Cities and Exercise

Many people living in cities these days do not get enough physical exercise.

What are the causes of this?

What are some possible solutions?

It is becoming increasingly difficult for the average citizen living in an urban area to set aside enough time for exercise. This is largely because of the rise of sedentary lifestyles and the best solutions involve moderate, individual changes.

The main causes of reduced physical activity by city residents is more modern ways of living. This relates first of all to technology. In the past, people were more likely to go out to meet with friends or take a trip to the cinema and now it is more common to chat with friends online and watch TV shows on Netflix at home. Combined with this is the widespread use of other technologies that reduce activity such as washing machines, apps for ordering food, and self-cleaning robots. All these factors together constitute a trend towards more passive lifestyles dependent on the modern comforts of 21st century technology.

Solutions for these problems ought to all involve individual initiative. Most people today are at least dimly aware of the dangers of addiction to and reliance on technology. Some possible remedies include allocating time every day to doing exercise or joining a sports team or socially reinforcing group activity such as yoga. There are also potential counters related to new technologies. Many companies are meeting consumer demand with wearable technologies, like the Fitbit or Apple Watch, that track advanced biometric data ranging from heartbeat to quality of sleep. These devices implicitly encourage a more active lifestyle.

In conclusion, technology is at the root of less exercise among city residents and this can be fixed by individuals taking up the burden of improving their own lives. These solutions are advisable since individual responsibility is a habit with myriad benefits.

Analysis

1. It is becoming increasingly difficult for the average citizen living in an urban area to set aside enough time for exercise. 2. This is largely because of the rise of sedentary lifestyles and the best solutions involve moderate, individual changes.

  1. Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
  2. Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.

1. The main causes of reduced physical activity by city residents is more modern ways of living. 2. This relates first of all to technology. 3. In the past, people were more likely to go out to meet with friends or take a trip to the cinema and now it is more common to chat with friends online and watch TV shows on Netflix at home. 4. Combined with this is the widespread use of other technologies that reduce activity such as washing machines, apps for ordering food, and self-cleaning robots. 5. All these factors together constitute a trend towards more passive lifestyles dependent on the modern comforts of 21st century technology.

  1. Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
  2. Explain your main idea.
  3. Develop it with specific examples.
  4. Move on to a second cause.
  5. Finish developing both ideas.

1. Solutions for these problems ought to all involve individual initiative. 2. Most people today are at least dimly aware of the dangers of addiction to and reliance on technology. 3. Some possible remedies include allocating time every day to doing exercise or joining a sports team or socially reinforcing group activity such as yoga. 4. There are also potential counters related to new technologies. 5. Many companies are meeting consumer demand with wearable technologies, like the Fitbit or Apple Watch, that track advanced biometric data ranging from heartbeat to quality of sleep. 6. These devices implicitly encourage a more active lifestyle.

  1. Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
  2. Explain your new main idea.
  3. Include specific details and examples.
  4. Make sure you have 2 solutions.
  5. And you develop the second solution fully.
  6. Conclude the paragraph or finish developing your last idea.

1. In conclusion, technology is at the root of less exercise among city residents and this can be fixed by individuals taking up the burden of improving their own lives. 2. These solutions are advisable since individual responsibility is a habit with myriad benefits.

  1. Summarise your main ideas.
  2. Include a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.

Vocabulary

What do the words in bold below mean?

It is becoming increasingly difficult for the average citizen living in an urban area to set aside enough time for exercise. This is largely because of the rise of sedentary lifestyles and the best solutions involve moderate, individual changes.

The main causes of reduced physical activity by city residents is more modern ways of living. This relates first of all to technology. In the past, people were more likely to go out to meet with friends or take a trip to the cinema and now it is more common to chat with friends online and watch TV shows on Netflix at home. Combined with this is the widespread use of other technologies that reduce activity such as washing machines, apps for ordering food, and self-cleaning robots. All these factors together constitute a trend towards more passive lifestyles dependent on the modern comforts of 21st century technology.

Solutions for these problems ought to all involve individual initiative. Most people today are at least dimly aware of the dangers of addiction to and reliance on technology. Some possible remedies include allocating time every day to doing exercise or joining a sports team or socially reinforcing group activity such as yoga. There are also potential counters related to new technologies. Many companies are meeting consumer demand with wearable technologies, like the Fitbit or Apple Watch, that track advanced biometric data ranging from heartbeat to quality of sleep. These devices implicitly encourage a more active lifestyle.

In conclusion, technology is at the root of less exercise among city residents and this can be fixed by individuals taking up the burden of improving their own lives. These solutions are advisable since individual responsibility is a habit with myriad benefits.

Answers

increasingly difficult more and more hard

average citizen normal person

urban area city

set aside keep safe

largely mostly

rise of sedentary lifestyles less active lives

involve related to

moderate minimal

individual changes not group reforms

reduced physical activity more passive

residents people who live there

modern ways of living new lifestyles

relates has to do with

more common more popular

combined with this altogether

widespread common

reduce activity make more passive

self-cleaning robots Roomba and other devices

factors together elements combined

constitute a trend add up to a pattern

passive not active

dependent reliant on

modern comforts conveniences

individual initiative people acting on their own

at least dimly aware at miniumum know to an extent

dangers risks

addiction to can’t stop using

reliance on dependent on

remedies fixes

allocating time giving time

socially reinforcing friends encouraging

potential counters possible solutions

meeting consumer demand giving customers what they want

wearable can be worn on the body

track advanced biometric data follow health info

heartbeat how fast your heart beats

quality of sleep how good your sleep is

devices electronics

implicitly encourage imply

at the root of the source of

fixed solved

taking up the burden of take responsibility

advisable a good idea to

individual responsibility one’s duty

habit repeated action

myriad benefits many advantages

Pronunciation

ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli ˈdɪfɪkəlt 
ˈævərɪʤ ˈsɪtɪzn 
ˈɜːbən ˈeərɪə 
sɛt əˈsaɪd 
ˈlɑːʤli 
raɪz ɒv ˈsɛdntəri ˈlaɪfˌstaɪlz 
ɪnˈvɒlv 
ˈmɒdərɪt
ˌɪndɪˈvɪdjʊəl ˈʧeɪnʤɪz
rɪˈdjuːst ˈfɪzɪkəl ækˈtɪvɪti 
ˈrɛzɪdənts 
ˈmɒdən weɪz ɒv ˈlɪvɪŋ
rɪˈleɪts 
mɔː ˈkɒmən 
kəmˈbaɪnd wɪð ðɪs 
ˈwaɪdsprɛd 
rɪˈdjuːs ækˈtɪvɪti 
sɛlf-ˈkliːnɪŋ ˈrəʊbɒts
ˈfæktəz təˈgɛðə 
ˈkɒnstɪtjuːt ə trɛnd 
ˈpæsɪv 
dɪˈpɛndənt 
ˈmɒdən ˈkʌmfəts
ˌɪndɪˈvɪdjʊəl ɪˈnɪʃɪətɪv
æt liːst ˈdɪmli əˈweə 
ˈdeɪnʤəz 
əˈdɪkʃ(ə)n tuː 
rɪˈlaɪəns ɒn 
ˈrɛmɪdiz 
ˈæləʊkeɪtɪŋ taɪm 
ˈsəʊʃəli ˌriːɪnˈfɔːsɪŋ 
pəʊˈtɛnʃəl ˈkaʊntəz 
ˈmiːtɪŋ kənˈsjuːmə dɪˈmɑːnd 
ˈweərəbl 
træk ədˈvɑːnst ˈbaɪəʊ ˈmɛtrɪk ˈdeɪtə 
ˈhɑːtbiːt 
ˈkwɒlɪti ɒv sliːp
dɪˈvaɪsɪz 
ɪmˈplɪsɪtli ɪnˈkʌrɪʤ
æt ðə ruːt ɒv 
fɪkst 
ˈteɪkɪŋ ʌp ðə ˈbɜːdn ɒv 
ədˈvaɪzəbl 
ˌɪndɪˈvɪdjʊəl rɪsˌpɒnsəˈbɪlɪti 
ˈhæbɪt 
ˈmɪrɪəd ˈbɛnɪfɪts

Vocabulary Practice

Remember and fill in the blanks:

It is becoming i__________________________t for the a_______________n living in an u___________a to s___________e enough time for exercise. This is l_______y because of the r________________________s and the best solutions i________e m__________e, i_____________________s.

The main causes of r_________________________y by city r____________s is more m______________________g. This r_________s first of all to technology. In the past, people were more likely to go out to meet with friends or take a trip to the cinema and now it is m________________n to chat with friends online and watch TV shows on Netflix at home. C______________________s is the w______________d use of other technologies that r_______________y such as washing machines, apps for ordering food, and s_____________________s. All these f______________________r c____________________d towards more p___________e lifestyles d______________t on the m___________________s of 21st century technology.

Solutions for these problems ought to all involve i_______________________e. Most people today are a_______________________e of the d____________s of a______________o and r_______________n technology. Some possible r_____________s include a________________e every day to doing exercise or joining a sports team or s____________________g group activity such as yoga. There are also p_________________________s related to new technologies. Many companies are m_________________________d with w____________e technologies, like the Fitbit or Apple Watch, that t_________________________________a ranging from h____________t to q_____________________p. These d_________s i____________________e a more active lifestyle.

In conclusion, technology is a__________________f less exercise among city residents and this can be f________d by individuals t________________________f improving their own lives. These solutions are a__________e since i_______________________y is a h________t with m________________s.

Listening Practice

Learn more about this topic in the video below and practice with these activities:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuooL0l_l58

Reading Practice

Read more about this topic and use these ideas to practice:

https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2010/06/what-makes-cities-fit/57893/

Speaking Practice

Practice with the following speaking questions from the real IELTS speaking exam:

Sports

  1. Which sport do you like to play?
  2. Have you ever been on a sports team?
  3. Do you like watching sports on TV?

Writing Practice

Practice with the related topic below and then check with my sample answer:

Many feel that going to the gym is the best way to stay fit. Others think there are more effective methods.

Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

IELTS Essay: Genetically Modified Foods

IELTS Essay: Genetically Modified Foods

This is an IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay on the topic of genetically modified foods from the real IELTS exam.

It is only available as a full Ebook on my Patreon.com/howtodoielts.

One of the most important issues facing the world today is a shortage of food and some think genetically modified foods are a possible solution.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

You can sign up and get access for as little as $1 a month!

Contributing helps me to publish these essays for students every week, so please consider signing up for my Patreon!

Dave

ielts essay gm foods
IELTS essay GM foods