IELTS Essay: Space Travel

IELTS Essay: Space Travel

This is an IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay on the topic of space travel from the real IELTS exam.

Please consider supporting my efforts to creative high quality IELTS materials for students around the world by signing up for my Patreon (and so you won’t miss out on any of my exclusive IELTS Ebooks)!

Dave

IELTS Essay: Space Travel

The first man to walk on the moon claimed it was a step forward for mankind. However, it has made little difference in most people’s lives.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

There are many who feel that research into space exploration has not made sufficient impact in the average individual’s life to justify its expense. In my opinion, there are valid reasons to ask this question but overall the cultural and scientific effect is all-encompassing.

Those who decry the wasted resources directed towards space programs point out the lack of readily apparent benefits. Sending a man to the moon and maintaining expensive telescopes and space stations do nothing for the average person struggling to pay their bills and vulnerable to sudden economic downturns. Most may casually watch the moon landing or the occasional NASA video on YouTube but that is hardly justification for billions of dollars over decades that could have made a real difference if diverted towards medicine, education, infrastructure, and a vibrant employment sector.

Nonetheless, the effects pertain deeply to culture and science. Firstly, putting a man on the moon was a moment that transcends mundane utilitarian concerns. It not only was an exercise in the power and majesty of the human race but also inspired countless individuals across a wide variety of industries to push for great achievements and have pride in mankind. Secondly, the advances made while researching space have led to concrete, beneficial discoveries. For example, there are now satellites in space making possible phone calls and internet access nearly everywhere on Earth. Countless other large and small innovations from microchips to increased fuel efficiency are also to some degree indebted to the national funding of space exploration.

In conclusion, far from being a waste of valuable resources, space exploration has been the driving force behind the continued progress of humanity. It should therefore continue to receive support.

Analysis

1. There are many who feel that research into space exploration has not made sufficient impact in the average individual’s life to justify its expense. 2. In my opinion, there are valid reasons to ask this question but overall the cultural and scientific effect is all-encompassing.

  1. Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
  2. Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.

1. Those who decry the wasted resources directed towards space programs point out the lack of readily apparent benefits. 2. Sending a man to the moon and maintaining expensive telescopes and space stations do nothing for the average person struggling to pay their bills and vulnerable to sudden economic downturns. 3. Most may casually watch the moon landing or the occasional NASA video on YouTube but that is hardly justification for billions of dollars over decades that could have made a real difference if diverted towards medicine, education, infrastructure, and a vibrant employment sector.

  1. Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
  2. Develop the idea.
  3. Use specific examples. Aim for 4-5 sentences in a paragraph – not 3 like I did in this one…

1. Nonetheless, the effects pertain deeply to culture and science. 2. Firstly, putting a man on the moon was a moment that transcends mundane utilitarian concerns. 3. It not only was an exercise in the power and majesty of the human race but also inspired countless individuals across a wide variety of industries to push for great achievements and have pride in mankind. 4. Secondly, the advances made while researching space have led to concrete, beneficial discoveries. 5. For example, there are now satellites in space making possible phone calls and internet access nearly everywhere on Earth. 6. Countless other large and small innovations from microchips to increased fuel efficiency are also to some degree indebted to the national funding of space exploration.

  1. Write another topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
  2. Explain it.
  3. Develop it as fully as possible.
  4. If you have a second main idea, switch over to it.
  5. Develop that one with an example.
  6. Finish developing it fully.

1. In conclusion, far from being a waste of valuable resources, space exploration has been the driving force behind the continued progress of humanity. 2. It should therefore continue to receive support.

  1. Repeat your opinion and summarise your main ideas.
  2. Add a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.

Vocabulary

What do the words in bold below mean?

There are many who feel that research into space exploration has not made sufficient impact in the average individual’s life to justify its expense. In my opinion, there are valid reasons to ask this question but overall the cultural and scientific effect is all-encompassing.

Those who decry the wasted resources directed towards space programs point out the lack of readily apparent benefits. Sending a man to the moon and maintaining expensive telescopes and space stations do nothing for the average person struggling to pay their bills and vulnerable to sudden economic downturns. Most may casually watch the moon landing or the occasional NASA video on YouTube but that is hardly justification for billions of dollars over decades that could have made a real difference if diverted towards medicine, education, infrastructure, and a vibrant employment sector.

Nonetheless, the effects pertain deeply to culture and science. Firstly, putting a man on the moon was a moment that transcends mundane utilitarian concerns. It not only was an exercise in the power and majesty of the human race but also inspired countless individuals across a wide variety of industries to push for great achievements and have pride in mankind. Secondly, the advances made while researching space have led to concrete, beneficial discoveries. For example, there are now satellites in space making possible phone calls and internet access nearly everywhere on Earth. Countless other large and small innovations from microchips to increased fuel efficiency are also to some degree indebted to the national funding of space exploration.

In conclusion, far from being a waste of valuable resources, space exploration has been the driving force behind the continued progress of humanity. It should therefore continue to receive support.

Answers

space exploration going to other planets, space

sufficient impact enough of an effect

average individual’s life normal person’s day to day life

justify give reason for

expense money, time

valid reasons good justifications

overall in general

cultural related to culture, art, society

scientific effect impact on technology, science

all-encompassing touches all

decry are critical of

wasted resources not well used

directed towards given to

space programs funding for space research

point out argue

lack don’t have

readily apparent benefits obvious advantages

maintaining expensive telescopes keeping up equipment

space stations places in space to do research

struggling to pay their bills having a tough time affording

vulnerable weak

sudden economic downturns the economy getting worse

casually without much care

moon landing getting to the moon

NASA American space agency

hardly justification not enough to give reason for

decades many years

real difference actual impact

diverted towards sent to

medicine health

education schools

infrastructure roads, buildings, etc.

a vibrant employment sector good jobs for everyone

nonetheless regardless

pertain deeply have a lot to do with

moment achievement

transcends mundane utilitarian goes beyond what is useful

exercise show

majesty power/beauty

human race mankind

inspired countless individuals encouraged many people

across a wide variety of industries in many fields

push try

pride self-esteem

mankind humanity

advances progress

concrete real

beneficial discoveries advantageous innovations

satellites things in space that help our phones

making possible allowing for

nearly almost

countless unlimited

innovations new ideas

microchips small computer chips

increased fuel efficiency using fuel better

to some degree indebted at least a little because of

national funding countries giving money

space exploration going out into space

far from being definitely not

valuable resources important money, time, etc.

driving force behind main push behind

continued progress keep getting better

receive support get money

Pronunciation

speɪs ˌɛksplɔːˈreɪʃən 
səˈfɪʃənt ˈɪmpækt 
ˈævərɪʤ ˌɪndɪˈvɪdjʊəlz laɪf 
ˈʤʌstɪfaɪ 
ɪksˈpɛns
ˈvælɪd ˈriːznz 
ˈəʊvərɔːl 
ˈkʌlʧərəl 
ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ɪˈfɛkt 
ɔːl-ɪnˈkʌmpəsɪŋ
dɪˈkraɪ 
ˈweɪstɪd rɪˈsɔːsɪz 
dɪˈrɛktɪd təˈwɔːdz 
speɪs ˈprəʊgræmz 
pɔɪnt aʊt 
læk 
ˈrɛdɪli əˈpærənt ˈbɛnɪfɪts
meɪnˈteɪnɪŋ ɪksˈpɛnsɪv ˈtɛlɪskəʊps 
speɪs ˈsteɪʃənz 
ˈstrʌglɪŋ tuː peɪ ðeə bɪlz 
ˈvʌlnərəbl 
ˈsʌdn ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk ˈdaʊntɜːnz
ˈkæʒjʊəli 
muːn ˈlændɪŋ 
ˈnæsə 
ˈhɑːdli ˌʤʌstɪfɪˈkeɪʃən 
ˈdɛkeɪdz 
rɪəl ˈdɪfrəns 
daɪˈvɜːtɪd təˈwɔːdz 
ˈmɛdsɪn
ˌɛdju(ː)ˈkeɪʃən
ˈɪnfrəˌstrʌkʧə
ə ˈvaɪbrənt ɪmˈplɔɪmənt ˈsɛktə
ˌnʌnðəˈlɛs
pɜːˈteɪn ˈdiːpli 
ˈməʊmənt 
trænˈsɛndz ˈmʌndeɪn ˌjuːtɪlɪˈteərɪən 
ˈɛksəsaɪz 
ˈmæʤɪsti 
ˈhjuːmən reɪs 
ɪnˈspaɪəd ˈkaʊntlɪs ˌɪndɪˈvɪdjʊəlz 
əˈkrɒs ə waɪd vəˈraɪəti ɒv ˈɪndəstriz 
pʊʃ 
praɪd 
mænˈkaɪnd
ədˈvɑːnsɪz 
ˈkɒnkriːt
ˌbɛnɪˈfɪʃəl dɪsˈkʌvəriz
ˈsætəlaɪts 
ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈpɒsəbl 
ˈnɪəli 
ˈkaʊntlɪs 
ˌɪnəʊˈveɪʃənz 
ˈmaɪkrəʊˌʧɪps 
ɪnˈkriːst fjʊəl ɪˈfɪʃənsi 
tuː sʌm dɪˈgriː ɪnˈdɛtɪd 
ˈnæʃənl ˈfʌndɪŋ 
speɪs ˌɛksplɔːˈreɪʃən
fɑː frɒm ˈbiːɪŋ 
ˈvæljʊəbl rɪˈsɔːsɪz
ˈdraɪvɪŋ fɔːs bɪˈhaɪnd 
kənˈtɪnju(ː)d ˈprəʊgrəs 
rɪˈsiːv səˈpɔːt

Vocabulary Practice

Remember and fill in the blanks:

There are many who feel that research into s_________________n has not made s_______________t in the a__________________e to j_______y its e_______e. In my opinion, there are v____________s to ask this question but o________l the c__________l and s______________t is a___________________g.

Those who d_______y the w_________________s d__________________s s_________________s p_____________t the l_____k of r______________________________s. Sending a man to the moon and m_____________________________s and s______________s do nothing for the average person s__________________________s and v_______________e to s____________________________s. Most may c______________y watch the m_________________g or the occasional N______A video on YouTube but that is h___________________n for billions of dollars over d_____________s that could have made a r_______________e if d_________________s m__________e, e___________n, i_________________e, and a___________________________r.

N______________s, the effects p_______________y to culture and science. Firstly, putting a man on the moon was a m____________t that t__________________________________n concerns. It not only was an e____________e in the power and m__________y of the h_____________e but also i________________________s a____________________________s to p____h for great achievements and have p_____e in m_________d. Secondly, the a_____________s made while researching space have led to c__________e, b____________________s. For example, there are now s_____________s in space m_____________________e phone calls and internet access n________y everywhere on Earth. C___________s other large and small i____________________s from m__________________s to i__________________________y are also t_______________________________d to the n_____________________g of s__________________n.

In conclusion, f_____________________g a waste of v________________________s, space exploration has been the d_______________________d the c________________________s of humanity. It should therefore continue to r___________________t.

Listening Practice

Learn more about this topic in the video below and practice with these activities:

Reading Practice

Read more about this topic and use these ideas to practice:

https://www.wired.com/story/space-exploration-and-the-age-of-the-anthropocosmos/

Speaking Practice

Practice with the following speaking questions from the real IELTS speaking exam:

Stars/Space

  1. Do people in your country often look at the stars?
  2. Why is it important to explore space?
  3. How can learning about space impact the daily lives of people?
  4. Will we find life on other planets?
  5. When will humans live on other planets?

Writing Practice

Practice with the related topic below and then check with my sample answer:

In the future, people may have to live on other planets. Some think that it is therefore important to spend money researching other planets such as Mars.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

IELTS Essay: Cities and Exercise

IELTS Essay: Cities and Exercise

This is an IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay on the topic of cities and exercise from the real IELTS exam.

Please consider supporting my efforts to creative high quality IELTS materials for students around the world by signing up for my Patreon (and so you won’t miss out on any of my exclusive IELTS Ebooks)!

Dave

IELTS Essay: Cities and Exercise

Many people living in cities these days do not get enough physical exercise.

What are the causes of this?

What are some possible solutions?

It is becoming increasingly difficult for the average citizen living in an urban area to set aside enough time for exercise. This is largely because of the rise of sedentary lifestyles and the best solutions involve moderate, individual changes.

The main causes of reduced physical activity by city residents is more modern ways of living. This relates first of all to technology. In the past, people were more likely to go out to meet with friends or take a trip to the cinema and now it is more common to chat with friends online and watch TV shows on Netflix at home. Combined with this is the widespread use of other technologies that reduce activity such as washing machines, apps for ordering food, and self-cleaning robots. All these factors together constitute a trend towards more passive lifestyles dependent on the modern comforts of 21st century technology.

Solutions for these problems ought to all involve individual initiative. Most people today are at least dimly aware of the dangers of addiction to and reliance on technology. Some possible remedies include allocating time every day to doing exercise or joining a sports team or socially reinforcing group activity such as yoga. There are also potential counters related to new technologies. Many companies are meeting consumer demand with wearable technologies, like the Fitbit or Apple Watch, that track advanced biometric data ranging from heartbeat to quality of sleep. These devices implicitly encourage a more active lifestyle.

In conclusion, technology is at the root of less exercise among city residents and this can be fixed by individuals taking up the burden of improving their own lives. These solutions are advisable since individual responsibility is a habit with myriad benefits.

Analysis

1. It is becoming increasingly difficult for the average citizen living in an urban area to set aside enough time for exercise. 2. This is largely because of the rise of sedentary lifestyles and the best solutions involve moderate, individual changes.

  1. Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
  2. Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.

1. The main causes of reduced physical activity by city residents is more modern ways of living. 2. This relates first of all to technology. 3. In the past, people were more likely to go out to meet with friends or take a trip to the cinema and now it is more common to chat with friends online and watch TV shows on Netflix at home. 4. Combined with this is the widespread use of other technologies that reduce activity such as washing machines, apps for ordering food, and self-cleaning robots. 5. All these factors together constitute a trend towards more passive lifestyles dependent on the modern comforts of 21st century technology.

  1. Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
  2. Explain your main idea.
  3. Develop it with specific examples.
  4. Move on to a second cause.
  5. Finish developing both ideas.

1. Solutions for these problems ought to all involve individual initiative. 2. Most people today are at least dimly aware of the dangers of addiction to and reliance on technology. 3. Some possible remedies include allocating time every day to doing exercise or joining a sports team or socially reinforcing group activity such as yoga. 4. There are also potential counters related to new technologies. 5. Many companies are meeting consumer demand with wearable technologies, like the Fitbit or Apple Watch, that track advanced biometric data ranging from heartbeat to quality of sleep. 6. These devices implicitly encourage a more active lifestyle.

  1. Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
  2. Explain your new main idea.
  3. Include specific details and examples.
  4. Make sure you have 2 solutions.
  5. And you develop the second solution fully.
  6. Conclude the paragraph or finish developing your last idea.

1. In conclusion, technology is at the root of less exercise among city residents and this can be fixed by individuals taking up the burden of improving their own lives. 2. These solutions are advisable since individual responsibility is a habit with myriad benefits.

  1. Summarise your main ideas.
  2. Include a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.

Vocabulary

What do the words in bold below mean?

It is becoming increasingly difficult for the average citizen living in an urban area to set aside enough time for exercise. This is largely because of the rise of sedentary lifestyles and the best solutions involve moderate, individual changes.

The main causes of reduced physical activity by city residents is more modern ways of living. This relates first of all to technology. In the past, people were more likely to go out to meet with friends or take a trip to the cinema and now it is more common to chat with friends online and watch TV shows on Netflix at home. Combined with this is the widespread use of other technologies that reduce activity such as washing machines, apps for ordering food, and self-cleaning robots. All these factors together constitute a trend towards more passive lifestyles dependent on the modern comforts of 21st century technology.

Solutions for these problems ought to all involve individual initiative. Most people today are at least dimly aware of the dangers of addiction to and reliance on technology. Some possible remedies include allocating time every day to doing exercise or joining a sports team or socially reinforcing group activity such as yoga. There are also potential counters related to new technologies. Many companies are meeting consumer demand with wearable technologies, like the Fitbit or Apple Watch, that track advanced biometric data ranging from heartbeat to quality of sleep. These devices implicitly encourage a more active lifestyle.

In conclusion, technology is at the root of less exercise among city residents and this can be fixed by individuals taking up the burden of improving their own lives. These solutions are advisable since individual responsibility is a habit with myriad benefits.

Answers

increasingly difficult more and more hard

average citizen normal person

urban area city

set aside keep safe

largely mostly

rise of sedentary lifestyles less active lives

involve related to

moderate minimal

individual changes not group reforms

reduced physical activity more passive

residents people who live there

modern ways of living new lifestyles

relates has to do with

more common more popular

combined with this altogether

widespread common

reduce activity make more passive

self-cleaning robots Roomba and other devices

factors together elements combined

constitute a trend add up to a pattern

passive not active

dependent reliant on

modern comforts conveniences

individual initiative people acting on their own

at least dimly aware at miniumum know to an extent

dangers risks

addiction to can’t stop using

reliance on dependent on

remedies fixes

allocating time giving time

socially reinforcing friends encouraging

potential counters possible solutions

meeting consumer demand giving customers what they want

wearable can be worn on the body

track advanced biometric data follow health info

heartbeat how fast your heart beats

quality of sleep how good your sleep is

devices electronics

implicitly encourage imply

at the root of the source of

fixed solved

taking up the burden of take responsibility

advisable a good idea to

individual responsibility one’s duty

habit repeated action

myriad benefits many advantages

Pronunciation

ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli ˈdɪfɪkəlt 
ˈævərɪʤ ˈsɪtɪzn 
ˈɜːbən ˈeərɪə 
sɛt əˈsaɪd 
ˈlɑːʤli 
raɪz ɒv ˈsɛdntəri ˈlaɪfˌstaɪlz 
ɪnˈvɒlv 
ˈmɒdərɪt
ˌɪndɪˈvɪdjʊəl ˈʧeɪnʤɪz
rɪˈdjuːst ˈfɪzɪkəl ækˈtɪvɪti 
ˈrɛzɪdənts 
ˈmɒdən weɪz ɒv ˈlɪvɪŋ
rɪˈleɪts 
mɔː ˈkɒmən 
kəmˈbaɪnd wɪð ðɪs 
ˈwaɪdsprɛd 
rɪˈdjuːs ækˈtɪvɪti 
sɛlf-ˈkliːnɪŋ ˈrəʊbɒts
ˈfæktəz təˈgɛðə 
ˈkɒnstɪtjuːt ə trɛnd 
ˈpæsɪv 
dɪˈpɛndənt 
ˈmɒdən ˈkʌmfəts
ˌɪndɪˈvɪdjʊəl ɪˈnɪʃɪətɪv
æt liːst ˈdɪmli əˈweə 
ˈdeɪnʤəz 
əˈdɪkʃ(ə)n tuː 
rɪˈlaɪəns ɒn 
ˈrɛmɪdiz 
ˈæləʊkeɪtɪŋ taɪm 
ˈsəʊʃəli ˌriːɪnˈfɔːsɪŋ 
pəʊˈtɛnʃəl ˈkaʊntəz 
ˈmiːtɪŋ kənˈsjuːmə dɪˈmɑːnd 
ˈweərəbl 
træk ədˈvɑːnst ˈbaɪəʊ ˈmɛtrɪk ˈdeɪtə 
ˈhɑːtbiːt 
ˈkwɒlɪti ɒv sliːp
dɪˈvaɪsɪz 
ɪmˈplɪsɪtli ɪnˈkʌrɪʤ
æt ðə ruːt ɒv 
fɪkst 
ˈteɪkɪŋ ʌp ðə ˈbɜːdn ɒv 
ədˈvaɪzəbl 
ˌɪndɪˈvɪdjʊəl rɪsˌpɒnsəˈbɪlɪti 
ˈhæbɪt 
ˈmɪrɪəd ˈbɛnɪfɪts

Vocabulary Practice

Remember and fill in the blanks:

It is becoming i__________________________t for the a_______________n living in an u___________a to s___________e enough time for exercise. This is l_______y because of the r________________________s and the best solutions i________e m__________e, i_____________________s.

The main causes of r_________________________y by city r____________s is more m______________________g. This r_________s first of all to technology. In the past, people were more likely to go out to meet with friends or take a trip to the cinema and now it is m________________n to chat with friends online and watch TV shows on Netflix at home. C______________________s is the w______________d use of other technologies that r_______________y such as washing machines, apps for ordering food, and s_____________________s. All these f______________________r c____________________d towards more p___________e lifestyles d______________t on the m___________________s of 21st century technology.

Solutions for these problems ought to all involve i_______________________e. Most people today are a_______________________e of the d____________s of a______________o and r_______________n technology. Some possible r_____________s include a________________e every day to doing exercise or joining a sports team or s____________________g group activity such as yoga. There are also p_________________________s related to new technologies. Many companies are m_________________________d with w____________e technologies, like the Fitbit or Apple Watch, that t_________________________________a ranging from h____________t to q_____________________p. These d_________s i____________________e a more active lifestyle.

In conclusion, technology is a__________________f less exercise among city residents and this can be f________d by individuals t________________________f improving their own lives. These solutions are a__________e since i_______________________y is a h________t with m________________s.

Listening Practice

Learn more about this topic in the video below and practice with these activities:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuooL0l_l58

Reading Practice

Read more about this topic and use these ideas to practice:

https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2010/06/what-makes-cities-fit/57893/

Speaking Practice

Practice with the following speaking questions from the real IELTS speaking exam:

Sports

  1. Which sport do you like to play?
  2. Have you ever been on a sports team?
  3. Do you like watching sports on TV?

Writing Practice

Practice with the related topic below and then check with my sample answer:

Many feel that going to the gym is the best way to stay fit. Others think there are more effective methods.

Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

IELTS Essay: Genetically Modified Foods

IELTS Essay: Genetically Modified Foods

This is an IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay on the topic of genetically modified foods from the real IELTS exam.

It is only available as a full Ebook on my Patreon.com/howtodoielts.

One of the most important issues facing the world today is a shortage of food and some think genetically modified foods are a possible solution.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

You can sign up and get access for as little as $1 a month!

Contributing helps me to publish these essays for students every week, so please consider signing up for my Patreon!

Dave

ielts essay gm foods
IELTS essay GM foods
IELTS Essay: Rules and Laws

IELTS Essay: Rules and Laws

This is an IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay on the topic of rules and laws from the real IELTS writing exam.

Please consider supporting my efforts to creative high quality IELTS materials for students around the world by signing up for my Patreon (and so you won’t miss out on any of my exclusive IELTS Ebooks)!

Dave

IELTS Essay: Rules and Laws

Society is based on rules and laws. It could not function if individuals were free to do whatever they wanted to do.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Many believe that the rule of law is the only reason society does not
descend into anarchy. I am in agreement as idealistic, revisionist views of human nature do not take into account the full pre-history of humanity.

Those who have a more hopeful view of mankind argue the modern progression towards compassion and tolerance. Humans are not necessarily violent and prone to criminal activity. The last hundred years has seen tremendous advances in areas ranging from civil rights to voting to more inclusive social policies. There is therefore a chance that even if society removed or reduced laws governing behaviour, individuals would continue to behave responsibly out of a renewed understanding of what it can mean to be human. These claims are bolstered by the existence of certain small communities in isolation where there is relatively little or no crime.

However, modern values are the product of a refinement of humanity over centuries that still requires reinforcement. The laws against violent crimes, for example, were enforced with brutal penalties for thousands of years in countries around the world. Only in the last two hundred years, have most nations reformed punishments to be either imprisonment or fines. The harsher penalties of the distant past might be outdated, but the current ones still deter potential criminals. The best evidence of this is that people today still attempt to commit crimes despite advances in forensic science and nearly ubiquitous surveillance cameras. It takes little imagination to see realise many more would lean towards breaking the rules in the absence of punishments altogether.

In conclusion, laws and regulations are crucial barriers to the excesses of human nature and cannot be wished away with a good conscience. This does not, however, imply they must be unnecessarily strict.

Analysis

1. Many believe that the rule of law is the only reason society does not
descend into anarchy. 2. I am in agreement as idealistic, revisionist views of human nature do not take into account the full pre-history of humanity.

  1. Paraphase the overall essay topic.
  2. Write your opinion. Read more about introductions here.

1. Those who have a more hopeful view of mankind argue the modern progression towards compassion and tolerance. 2. Humans are not necessarily violent and prone to criminal activity. 3. The last hundred years has seen tremendous advances in areas ranging from civil rights to voting to more inclusive social policies. 4. There is therefore a chance that even if society removed or reduced laws governing behaviour, individuals would continue to behave responsibly out of a renewed understanding of what it can mean to be human. 5. These claims are bolstered by the existence of certain small communities in isolation where there is relatively little or no crime.

  1. Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
  2. Explain your main idea.
  3. Include specific details.
  4. Make a logical argument.
  5. Support it with a specific example.

1. However, modern values are the product of a refinement of humanity over centuries that still requires reinforcement. 2. The laws against violent crimes, for example, were enforced with brutal penalties for thousands of years in countries around the world. 3. Only in the last two hundred years, have most nations reformed punishments to be either imprisonment or fines. 4. The harsher penalties of the distant past might be outdated, but the current ones still deter potential criminals. 5. The best evidence of this is that people today still attempt to commit crimes despite advances in forensic science and nearly ubiquitous surveillance cameras. 6. It takes little imagination to see realise many more would lean towards breaking the rules in the absence of punishments altogether.

  1. Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
  2. Start an example.
  3. Develop the example.
  4. Continue developing the same example.
  5. State any evidence related to your argument.
  6. Conclude with a strong sentence.

1. In conclusion, laws and regulations are crucial barriers to the excesses of human nature and cannot be wished away with a good conscience. 2. This does not, however, imply they must be unnecessarily strict.

  1. Summarise your ideas and repeat your opinion.
  2. Add a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.

Vocabulary

What do the words in bold below mean?

Many believe that the rule of law is the only reason society does not
descend into anarchy. I am in agreement as idealistic, revisionist views of human nature do not take into account the full pre-history of humanity.

Those who have a more hopeful view of mankind argue the modern progression towards compassion and tolerance. Humans are not necessarily violent and prone to criminal activity. The last hundred years has seen tremendous advances in areas ranging from civil rights to voting to more inclusive social policies. There is therefore a chance that even if society removed or reduced laws governing behaviour, individuals would continue to behave responsibly out of a renewed understanding of what it can mean to be human. These claims are bolstered by the existence of certain small communities in isolation where there is relatively little or no crime.

However, modern values are the product of a refinement of humanity over centuries that still requires reinforcement. The laws against violent crimes, for example, were enforced with brutal penalties for thousands of years in countries around the world. Only in the last two hundred years, have most nations reformed punishments to be either imprisonment or fines. The harsher penalties of the distant past might be outdated, but the current ones still deter potential criminals. The best evidence of this is that people today still attempt to commit crimes despite advances in forensic science and nearly ubiquitous surveillance cameras. It takes little imagination to see realise many more would lean towards breaking the rules in the absence of punishments altogether.

In conclusion, laws and regulations are crucial barriers to the excesses of human nature and cannot be wished away with a good conscience. This does not, however, imply they must be unnecessarily strict.

Answers

the rule of law laws, rules, and regulations

descend into anarchy havoc, no law

I am in agreement I agree

idealistic hopeful

revisionist views opinions based on what happened already

human nature the way people are

take into account consider

full pre-history of humanity past of humans before it was recorded

hopeful view optimistic ideas

mankind humanity

progression advancements

compassion and tolerance caring

necessarily violent must be cruel

prone likely to

tremendous advances lots of progress

ranging from including

civil rights political rights within a society

voting choosing your government officials

more inclusive social policies laws including more types of people

removed or reduced gotten rid of or cut down on

governing controlling

behave responsibly act well

renewed understanding new conception of

claims arguments

bolstered supported

existence appearance

certain small communities in isolation small, untouched societies

relatively little comparably small

modern values contemporary views

product result

refinement getting better

reinforcement make stronger

enforced made to work

brutal penalties cruel repercussions

reformed changes

imprisonment put in prison

fines have to pay money

harsher penalties more severe punishments

distant past a long time ago

outdated no longer relevant

deter potential criminals stop people from committing crimes

despite regardless of 

forensic science crime scene science

nearly ubiquitous surveillance cameras cameras all around

it takes little imagination to easy to imagine

lean towards breaking the rules inclined to not follow rules

absence lack of

altogether totally

crucial barriers important restrictions

excesses going too far

wished away made to disappear

good conscience not feeling bad about

imply means

unnecessarily strict too mean

Pronunciation

ðə ruːl ɒv lɔː 
dɪˈsɛnd ˈɪntuː ˈænəki
aɪ æm ɪn əˈgriːmənt
aɪˌdɪəˈlɪstɪk
rɪˈvɪʒənɪst vjuːz
ˈhjuːmən ˈneɪʧə
teɪk ˈɪntuː əˈkaʊnt
fʊl priː-ˈhɪstəri ɒv hju(ː)ˈmænɪti
ˈhəʊpfʊl vjuː
mænˈkaɪnd
prəʊˈgrɛʃən
kəmˈpæʃən ænd ˈtɒlərəns
ˈnɛsɪsərɪli ˈvaɪələnt
prəʊn
trɪˈmɛndəs ədˈvɑːnsɪz 
ˈreɪnʤɪŋ frɒm
ˈsɪvl raɪts
ˈvəʊtɪŋ
mɔːr ɪnˈkluːsɪv ˈsəʊʃəl ˈpɒlɪsiz
rɪˈmuːvd ɔː rɪˈdjuːst
ˈgʌvənɪŋ
bɪˈheɪv rɪsˈpɒnsəbli
rɪˈnjuːd ˌʌndəˈstændɪŋ
kleɪmz
ˈbəʊlstəd
ɪgˈzɪstəns
ˈsɜːtn smɔːl kəˈmjuːnɪtiz ɪn ˌaɪsəʊˈleɪʃən
ˈrɛlətɪvli ˈlɪtl 
ˈmɒdən ˈvæljuːz
ˈprɒdʌkt
rɪˈfaɪnmənt
ˌriːɪnˈfɔːsmənt
ɪnˈfɔːst
ˈbruːtl ˈpɛnltiz
rɪˈfɔːmd
ɪmˈprɪznmənt
faɪnz
ˈhɑːʃə ˈpɛnltiz
ˈdɪstənt pɑːst
aʊtˈdeɪtɪd
dɪˈtɜː pəʊˈtɛnʃəl ˈkrɪmɪnlz
dɪsˈpaɪt
fəˈrɛnsɪk ˈsaɪəns
ˈnɪəli ju(ː)ˈbɪkwɪtəs sɜːˈveɪləns ˈkæmərəz
ɪt teɪks ˈlɪtl ɪˌmæʤɪˈneɪʃən tuː
liːn təˈwɔːdz ˈbreɪkɪŋ ðə ruːlz
ˈæbsəns
ˌɔːltəˈgɛðə
ˈkruːʃəl ˈbærɪəz
ɪkˈsɛsɪz
wɪʃt əˈweɪ
gʊd ˈkɒnʃəns
ɪmˈplaɪ
ʌnˈnɛsɪsərɪli strɪkt

Vocabulary Practice

Remember and fill in the blanks:

Many believe that t___________________w is the only reason society does not
d___________________y. I_________________t as i_________c, r_________________s of h______________e do not t_________________t the f____________________________y.

Those who have a more h_________________w of m___________d argue the modern p__________________n towards c______________________________e. Humans are not n___________________t and p________e to criminal activity. The last hundred years has seen t_________________________s in areas r_________________________________s to v_______g to m______________________________s. There is therefore a chance that even if society r________________________d laws g_________________g behaviour, individuals would continue to b_____________________y out of a r_________________________g of what it can mean to be human. These c_________s are b_______________d by the e______________e of c________________________________________n where there is r_______________e or no crime.

However, m_______________s are the p____________t of a r_____________t of humanity over centuries that still requires r_______________t. The laws against violent crimes, for example, were e___________d with b____________________s for thousands of years in countries around the world. Only in the last two hundred years, have most nations r_____________d punishments to be either i________________t or f________s. The h___________________s of the d_______________t might be o____________d, but the current ones still d___________________________s. The best evidence of this is that people today still attempt to commit crimes d________e advances in f___________________e and n________________________________________s. I_____________________________o see realise many more would l___________________________________s in the a_____________e of punishments a_______________r.

In conclusion, laws and regulations are c________________s to the e____________s of human nature and cannot be w_____________y with a g___________________e. This does not, however, i__________y they must be u____________________________t.

Listening Practice

Watch the video below and use these activities to practice:

Reading Practice

Read more about this topic and practice with these ideas:

https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/06/chauvin-did-what-trump-asked-him-do/612574/

Speaking Practice

Practice with the following questions from the real IELTS speaking exam:

Truth in Crime

  1. Why do witnesses of crimes sometimes disagree in their accounts?
  2. How can modern technology help solve crimes?
  3. Will teaching children to be honest reduce crime in the future?
  4. Should there be more severe penalties for crimes like libel?
  5. How will the detection of lies change in the future?

Writing Practice

Write about the related topic below and then check with my sample answer:

Many researchers believe that we can now study the behaviour of children to see if they will grow up to be criminals, while others disagree.

To what extent do you think crime is determined by genetics?

Is it possible to stop children from growing up to be criminals?

IELTS Essay: Music and Relaxation

IELTS Essay: Music and Relaxation

This is an IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay on the topic of music and relaxation from the real IELTS exam.

Please consider supporting my efforts to creative high quality IELTS materials for students around the world by signing up for my Patreon (and so you won’t miss out on any of my exclusive IELTS Ebooks)!

Dave

IELTS Essay: Music and Relaxation

Some people think that the most important function of music is to help people relax.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Many believe that music serves primarily as a means of relaxation while others think it is more than that. I am in agreement with the former as there are other purposes for music but they can all be roughly defined as ways of relaxing.

Those who feel music is more than just relaxation point out its other stated uses. For example, many people listen to music in more active settings, such as in night clubs, and dance along. In difficult emotional periods, including after a bad breakup or the loss of a loved one, some individuals turn to music to cope or lift up their spirits. There are also those who view music as an art form no different from literature, painting, and poetry. For them, music serves the myriad purposes of artistic appreciation that include offering insights into life and the artistic expression of others.

Nonetheless, the reasons detailed above can all be generally categorised as forms of relaxation and the most common purpose of music is unadorned enjoyment. People relax in different ways and that can include dancing, connecting with music emotionally or enjoying art. The majority of people, however, simply listen to music throughout the day as a way of escaping from the pressures and demands of work and family. Studies have shown that listening to music regularly can reduce blood pressure and ease the burdens that modern life places on mental health. This is the reason why workers, students, and parents gravitate towards music, in addition to other kinds of light entertainment, at the end of a long day and explains the enduring success of the industry.

In conclusion, music is mainly for relaxation, though this takes on different variations depending on the person in question. This desire to relax is part of a shared humanity that unites all peoples.

Analysis

1. Many believe that music serves primarily as a means of relaxation while others think it is more than that. 2. I am in agreement with the former as there are other purposes for music but they can all be roughly defined as ways of relaxing.

  1. Paraphrase the essay topic.
  2. Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.

1. Those who feel music is more than just relaxation point out its other stated uses. 2. For example, many people listen to music in more active settings, such as in night clubs, and dance along. 3. In difficult emotional periods, including after a bad breakup or the loss of a loved one, some individuals turn to music to cope or lift up their spirits. 4. There are also those who view music as an art form no different from literature, painting, and poetry. 5. For them, music serves the myriad purposes of artistic appreciation that include offering insights into life and the artistic expression of others.

  1. Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
  2. Explain your main idea or start an example.
  3. Develop the example.
  4. Develop it as fully as possible with specific details.
  5. State the furthest possible result.

1. Nonetheless, the reasons detailed above can all be generally categorised as forms of relaxation and the most common purpose of music is unadorned enjoyment. 2. People relax in different ways and that can include dancing, connecting with music emotionally or enjoying art. 3. The majority of people, however, simply listen to music throughout the day as a way of escaping from the pressures and demands of work and family. 4. Studies have shown that listening to music regularly can reduce blood pressure and ease the burdens that modern life places on mental health. 5. This is the reason why workers, students, and parents gravitate towards music, in addition to other kinds of light entertainment, at the end of a long day and explains the enduring success of the industry.

  1. Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
  2. Explain your new main idea.
  3. Develop it.
  4. Keep adding specific support such as research.
  5. Conclude with a strong statement at the end.

1. In conclusion, music is mainly for relaxation, though this takes on different variations depending on the person in question. 2. This desire to relax is part of a shared humanity that unites all peoples.

  1. Summarise your main ideas and repeat your opinion.
  2. Add a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.

Vocabulary

What do the words in bold below mean?

Many believe that music serves primarily as a means of relaxation while others think it is more than that. I am in agreement with the former as there are other purposes for music but they can all be roughly defined as ways of relaxing.

Those who feel music is more than just relaxation point out its other stated uses. For example, many people listen to music in more active settings, such as in night clubs, and dance along. In difficult emotional periods, including after a bad breakup or the loss of a loved one, some individuals turn to music to cope or lift up their spirits. There are also those who view music as an art form no different from literature, painting, and poetry. For them, music serves the myriad purposes of artistic appreciation that include offering insights into life and the artistic expression of others.

Nonetheless, the reasons detailed above can all be generally categorised as forms of relaxation and the most common purpose of music is unadorned enjoyment. People relax in different ways and that can include dancing, connecting with music emotionally or enjoying art. The majority of people, however, simply listen to music throughout the day as a way of escaping from the pressures and demands of work and family. Studies have shown that listening to music regularly can reduce blood pressure and ease the burdens that modern life places on mental health. This is the reason why workers, students, and parents gravitate towards music, in addition to other kinds of light entertainment, at the end of a long day and explains the enduring success of the industry.

In conclusion, music is mainly for relaxation, though this takes on different variations depending on the person in question. This desire to relax is part of a shared humanity that unites all peoples.

Answers

serves primarily as is mainly for

means of relaxation a way to chill out

I am in agreement with I agree with

former mentioned before

purposes methods

roughly defined generally grouped as

ways of relaxing means of chilling out

point out argue

other stated uses different purposes claimed

more active settings lively places

night clubs places to dance at night

difficult emotional periods tough times

bad breakup breaking up with a significant other

loss of a loved one someone dying

turn to music depend on music

cope deal with

lift up raise

spirits feelings, emotions

art form no different from kind of art the same as

serves the myriad purposes works for multiple reasons

artistic appreciation enjoying art

offering insights into life explains about life

artistic expression self-expression

nonetheless regardless

detailed above mentioned before

generally categorised roughly defined as

forms types

most common purpose why it is usually done

unadorned enjoyment simple pleasure

connecting understanding

emotionally with emotion, feeling

majority most of

throughout all during

a way of escaping getting away from

pressures stresses

demands pressures

studies have shown research supports

regularly on a regular basis

reduce blood pressure healthier heart

ease the burdens relieve stress

modern life the way people live now

places on mental health puts on one’s mind

gravitate move towards

in addition to also

light entertainment TV, movies, music, etc.

at the end of a long day after work

explains illustrates

enduring success continued popularity

mainly mostly

variations differences

depending on in certain situations

desire drive

shared humanity what all humans have in common

unites brings together

Pronunciation

sɜːvz ˈpraɪmərɪli æz 
miːnz ɒv ˌriːlækˈseɪʃən 
aɪ æm ɪn əˈgriːmənt wɪð 
ˈfɔːmə 
ˈpɜːpəsɪz 
ˈrʌfli dɪˈfaɪnd 
weɪz ɒv rɪˈlæksɪŋ
pɔɪnt aʊt 
ˈʌðə ˈsteɪtɪd ˈjuːzɪz
mɔːr ˈæktɪv ˈsɛtɪŋz
naɪt klʌbz
ˈdɪfɪkəlt ɪˈməʊʃənl ˈpɪərɪədz
bæd ˈbreɪkˈʌp 
lɒs ɒv ə lʌvd wʌn
tɜːn tuː ˈmjuːzɪk 
kəʊp 
lɪft ʌp 
ˈspɪrɪts
ɑːt fɔːm nəʊ ˈdɪfrənt frɒm 
sɜːvz ðə ˈmɪrɪəd ˈpɜːpəsɪz 
ɑːˈtɪstɪk əˌpriːʃɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n 
ˈɒfərɪŋ ˈɪnsaɪts ˈɪntuː laɪf 
ɑːˈtɪstɪk ɪksˈprɛʃən 
ˌnʌnðəˈlɛs
ˈdiːteɪld əˈbʌv 
ˈʤɛnərəli ˈkætɪgəraɪzd 
fɔːmz 
məʊst ˈkɒmən ˈpɜːpəs 
ˌʌnəˈdɔːnd ɪnˈʤɔɪmənt
kəˈnɛktɪŋ 
ɪˈməʊʃənli 
məˈʤɒrɪti 
θru(ː)ˈaʊt 
ə weɪ ɒv ɪsˈkeɪpɪŋ 
ˈprɛʃəz 
dɪˈmɑːndz 
ˈstʌdiz hæv ʃəʊn 
ˈrɛgjʊləli 
rɪˈdjuːs blʌd ˈprɛʃə 
iːz ðə ˈbɜːdnz 
ˈmɒdən laɪf 
ˈpleɪsɪz ɒn ˈmɛntl hɛlθ
ˈgrævɪteɪt 
ɪn əˈdɪʃ(ə)n tuː 
laɪt ˌɛntəˈteɪnmənt
æt ði ɛnd ɒv ə lɒŋ deɪ 
ɪksˈpleɪnz 
ɪnˈdjʊərɪŋ səkˈsɛs 
ˈmeɪnli 
ˌveərɪˈeɪʃənz 
dɪˈpɛndɪŋ ɒn 
dɪˈzaɪə 
ʃeəd hju(ː)ˈmænɪti 
juːˈnaɪts

Vocabulary Practice

Remember and fill in the blanks:

Many believe that music s________________________s a m___________________n while others think it is more than that. I________________________h the f__________r as there are other p___________s for music but they can all be r__________________d as w___________________g.

Those who feel music is more than just relaxation p__________t its o_________________s. For example, many people listen to music in m____________________s, such as in n____________s, and dance along. In d_________________________s, including after a b_____________p or the l_______________________________e, some individuals t_____________c to c____e or l___________p their s__________s. There are also those who view music as an a_____________________________m literature, painting, and poetry. For them, music s___________________________s of a_______________________n that include o___________________________e and the a__________________n of others.

N________________s, the reasons d_______________e can all be g______________________d as f________s of relaxation and the m______________________e of music is u______________________t. People relax in different ways and that can include dancing, c_____________g with music e________________y or enjoying art. The m_____________y of people, however, simply listen to music t________________t the day as a___________________g from the p_____________s and d____________s of work and family. S_____________________n that listening to music r___________y can r_____________________e and e____________________s that m_______________e p___________________________h. This is the reason why workers, students, and parents g_____________e towards music, i_________________o other kinds of l_____________________t, a_____________________________y and e____________s the e_____________________s of the industry.

In conclusion, music is m___________y for relaxation, though this takes on different v_____________s d_________________n the person in question. This d________e to relax is part of a s_________________y that u_______s all peoples.

Listening Practice

Listen more about this topic below and practice with these ideas:

And a related speaking test here:

Reading Practice

Read more and practice with these news reading activities:

https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/sleep-newzzz/201812/the-many-health-and-sleep-benefits-music

Speaking Practice

Practice speaking with these real questions from IELTS speaking:

Music

  1. Do you like music?
  2. Which types of music do you like?
  3. Would you like to learn a musical instrument?
  4. Do you prefer listening to music by yourself or with someone else?

Writing Practice

Write about the related topic below and then check with my sample answer:

Many people believe that music is just a form of entertainment, whilst others believe that music has a much larger impact on society today.

Discuss both views and give your own opinion.