Fossil fuels are the main source of energy around the world today. In some countries, the use of alternative sources of energy is replacing fossil fuels.
Is this a positive or negative development?
Many nations are now supporting the adoption of various energy alternatives in order to reduce fossil fuel consumption. In my opinion, though there may be short-term economic downsides, this is a decidedly positive development due to the implications on the environment generally.
Those who feel the sudden adoption of alternative energies is a negative point out the financial repercussions. There are economies around the world that are currently dependent on exporting fossil fuels, in particular in The Middle East, South America, and Eastern Europe. Many of these countries are still developing and have few other natural resources or industries that could replace a decline in the energy sector. The economic effects will extend far beyond exporters though. Both developed and developing nations ranging from The United States and Vietnam to China and Russia exploit oil for private vehicles and various industries. Substituting cheap oil for a more expensive alternative might result in economic catastrophe with wide-ranging repercussions.
However, the environmental effect is overwhelmingly more important for the long-term health of the planet. The economic results of less dependence on fossil fuels will cause short-term problems but the issues caused by climate change are also becoming a present reality. For instance, there has been a rise in the number of cataclysmic natural disasters related to rising ocean temperatures and deforestation. Even more troubling are the less noticed problems such as habitats being destroyed in remote areas like Antarctica and the Amazon Rainforest. Beyond the animals becoming endangered and extinct, it is only a number of years before human life is affected. This existential threat is the reason alternative energies are a pressing need.
In conclusion, despite the economic drawbacks of a sudden shift to alternative power sources, this reorientation will have a markedly positive long-term impact on the environment. Governments should therefore implement and bolster alternative energy initiatives.
Analysis
1. Many nations are now supporting the adoption of various energy alternatives in order to reduce fossil fuel consumption. 2. In my opinion, though there may be short-term economic downsides, this is a decidedly positive development due to the implications on the environment generally.
Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.
1. Those who feel the sudden adoption of alternative energies is a negative point out the financial repercussions. 2. There are economies around the world that are currently dependent on exporting fossil fuels, in particular in The Middle East, South America, and Eastern Europe. 3. Many of these countries are still developing and have few other natural resources or industries that could replace a decline in the energy sector. 4. The economic effects will extend far beyond exporters though. Both developed and developing nations ranging from The United States and Vietnam to China and Russia exploit oil for private vehicles and various industries. 5. Substituting cheap oil for a more expensive alternative might result in economic catastrophe with wide-ranging repercussions.
Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
Explain your main idea.
Develop it with specific or hypothetical examples.
Keep developing it fully.
1. However, the environmental effect is overwhelmingly more important for the long-term health of the planet. 2. The economic results of less dependence on fossil fuels will cause short-term problems but the issues caused by climate change are also becoming a present reality. 3. For instance, there has been a rise in the number of cataclysmic natural disasters related to rising ocean temperatures and deforestation. 4. Even more troubling are the less noticed problems such as habitats being destroyed in remote areas like Antarctica and the Amazon Rainforest. 5. Beyond the animals becoming endangered and extinct, it is only a number of years before human life is affected. 6. This existential threat is the reason alternative energies are a pressing need.
Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
Explain your new main idea.
Include specific details and examples.
Add as much information as you can and make sure it links logically.
Finish the paragraph strong.
1. In conclusion, despite the economic drawbacks of a sudden shift to alternative power sources, this reorientation will have a markedly positive long-term impact on the environment. 2. Governments should therefore implement and bolster alternative energy initiatives.
Summarise your main ideas.
Include a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
Many nations are now supporting the adoption of various energy alternatives in order to reduce fossil fuel consumption. In my opinion, though there may be short-term economic downsides, this is a decidedly positive development due to the implications on the environment generally.
Those who feel the sudden adoption of alternative energies is a negative point out the financial repercussions. There are economies around the world that are currently dependent on exporting fossil fuels, in particular in The Middle East, South America, and Eastern Europe. Many of these countries are still developing and have few other natural resources or industries that could replace a decline in the energy sector. The economic effects will extend far beyond exporters though. Both developed and developing nations ranging from The United States and Vietnam to China and Russia exploit oil for private vehicles and various industries. Substituting cheap oil for a more expensive alternative might result in economic catastrophe with wide-ranging repercussions.
However, the environmental effect is overwhelmingly more important for the long-term health of the planet. The economic results of less dependence on fossil fuels will cause short-term problems but the issues caused by climate change are also becoming a present reality. For instance, there has been a rise in the number of cataclysmic natural disasters related to rising ocean temperatures and deforestation. Even more troubling are the less noticed problems such as habitats being destroyed in remote areas like Antarctica and the Amazon Rainforest. Beyond the animals becoming endangered and extinct, it is only a number of years before human life is affected. This existential threat is the reason alternative energies are a pressing need.
In conclusion, despite the economic drawbacks of a sudden shift to alternative power sources, this reorientation will have a markedly positive long-term impact on the environment. Governments should therefore implement and bolster alternative energy initiatives.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
supporting helping
adoption of various energy alternatives use cleaner energies
reduce fossil fuel consumption use less fuel/oil
short-term economic downsides right now how it hurts the economy
decidedly positive development due to definitely good change because
implications results, what happens after
Those who feel the sudden adoption of alternative energies is a negative point out people in favor of more alternative energies argue
financial repercussions economic results
economies finances in a country
currently dependent right now reliant on
exporting fossil fuels sending oil abroad
in particular especially
few other natural resources or industries not many other sources of money
replace a decline in the energy sector substitute a drop in energy-related businesses
extend far beyond exporters though go far past the countries sending out oil
ranging from … to … and … including
exploit oil take advantage of fuel, petrol
private vehicles cars, motorbikes, etc.
Substituting …for changing for
economic catastrophe hurts finances a lot
wide-ranging repercussions effects on lots of areas
overwhelmingly very strong
long-term health of the planet the environment in the future
less dependence on fossil fuels not as reliant on oil
cause short-term problems hurt right now
present reality how the situation is now
rise increase
cataclysmic natural disasters related to rising ocean temperatures really bad storms caused by hotter seas
deforestation cutting down forests
Even more troubling are in fact much worse is
less noticed problems not as apparent issues
habitats where animals live
remote areas places far from cities
Beyond past
endangered not many left
extinct all gone
existential threat risk to their existence
pressing need really important now, an emergency
despite the economic drawbacks of a sudden shift to alternative power sources regardless of the financial downsides of a change to cleaner energy
reorientation shift
markedly positive long-term impact on definitely good for the future effect on
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
Many nations are now s___________g the a_____________________________________s in order to r___________________________n. In my opinion, though there may be s________________________s, this is a d_______________________________________o the i____________s on the environment generally.
T_______________________________________________________________________________t the f_____________________s. There are e_____________s around the world that are c_________________t on e______________________________s, i_______________r in The Middle East, South America, and Eastern Europe. Many of these countries are still developing and have f___________________________________s that could r__________________________________________r. The economic effects will e________________________________h. Both developed and developing nations r______________m The United States and Vietnam t___ China a___d Russia e______________l for p___________________s and various industries. S_______________g cheap oil f___r a more expensive alternative might result in e_______________________e with w__________________________s.
However, the environmental effect is o_____________________y more important for the l___________________________________t. The economic results of l_________________s will c_____________________________s but the issues caused by climate change are also becoming a p_________________y. For instance, there has been a r____e in the number of c______________________________________________________s and d______________n. E_______________________e the l________________________s such as h___________s being destroyed in r________________s like Antarctica and the Amazon Rainforest. B__________d the animals becoming e_____________d and e________t, it is only a number of years before human life is affected. This e_____________________t is the reason alternative energies are a p________________d.
In conclusion, d_____________________________________________________________________s, this r_____________n will have a m______________________________n the environment. Governments should therefore i____________t and b__________r alternative energy i____________s.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic by watching from YouTube below and practice with these activities:
Some countries have introduced laws to limit the working hours that an employer can ask from an employee.
Why are these law introduced?
Is this a positive or negative trend?
In many countries, it is common for the state to constrain the number of hours a person can work within any given day. In my opinion, this law is designed to discourage exploitation and is decidedly positive overall.
The main reason the average workday is limited by law is that otherwise companies could take advantage of their employees. The evidence for this comes from past centuries before such laws were passed. Around the beginning of the industrial revolution, it was a common practice in European countries for individuals to work 12 to 16 hours a day. If an employee protested then they might be fired or even physically harmed. Today, there are very few countries where corporations have the ability to make inhumane physical and mental demands on employees.
Limiting a person’s working laws is beneficial to society as it ensures workers have time for themselves. In countries where these laws do not exist or are poorly defined, there may still be instances of child labor or long working days. For example, in several East Asian countries, factory workers must live and work at their jobs with little opportunity for an outside life. In contrast, in countries with strict labor laws, a person possesses more time for family, hobbies, and friends. Free time is one way of guaranteeing better quality of life and overall satisfaction, benefits which can have ramifications for society as a whole.
In conclusion, laws related to working conditions protect workers and for that reason are positive. It is also essential that countries enforce the laws they have passed.
Analysis
1. In many countries, it is common for the state to constrain the number of hours a person can work within any given day. 2. In my opinion, this law is designed to discourage exploitation and is decidedly positive overall.
Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.
1. The main reason the average workday is limited by law is that otherwise companies could take advantage of their employees. 2. The evidence for this comes from past centuries before such laws were passed. 3. Around the beginning of the industrial revolution, it was a common practice in European countries for individuals to work 12 to 16 hours a day. 4. If an employee protested then they might be fired or even physically harmed. 5. Today, there are very few countries where corporations have the ability to make inhumane physical and mental demands on employees.
Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
Explain your main idea.
Develop it with specific or hypothetical examples.
Keep developing it fully.
1. Limiting a person’s working laws is beneficial to society as it ensures workers have time for themselves. 2. In countries where these laws do not exist or are poorly defined, there may still be instances of child labor or long working days. 3. For example, in several East Asian countries, factory workers must live and work at their jobs with little opportunity for an outside life. 4. In contrast, in countries with strict labor laws, a person possesses more time for family, hobbies, and friends. 5. Free time is one way of guaranteeing better quality of life and overall satisfaction, benefits which can have ramifications for society as a whole.
Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
Explain your new main idea.
Include specific details and examples.
Add as much information as you can and make sure it links logically.
Finish the paragraph strong.
1. In conclusion, laws related to working conditions protect workers and for that reason are positive. 2. It is also essential that countries enforce the laws they have passed.
Summarise your main ideas.
Include a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
In many countries, it is common forthe state to constrain the number of hours a person can work within any given day. In my opinion, this law is designed to discourage exploitation and is decidedly positive overall.
The main reason the average workday is limited by law is that otherwise companies could take advantage of their employees. The evidence for this comes from past centuries before such laws were passed. Around the beginning of the industrial revolution, it was a common practice in European countries for individuals to work 12 to 16 hours a day. If an employee protested then they might be fired or even physically harmed. Today, there are very few countries where corporations have the ability to make inhumane physical and mental demands on employees.
Limiting a person’s working laws is beneficial to society as it ensures workers have time for themselves. In countries where these laws do not exist or are poorly defined, there may still be instances of child labor or long working days. For example, in several East Asian countries, factory workers must live and work at their jobs with little opportunity for an outside life. In contrast, in countries with strict labor laws, a person possesses more time for family, hobbies, and friends. Free time is one way of guaranteeing better quality of life and overall satisfaction, benefits which can have ramifications for society as a whole.
In conclusion, laws related to working conditions protect workers and for that reason are positive. It is also essential that countries enforce the laws they have passed.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
it is common for it happens a lot
the state the government
constrain limit
within any given day on a random day
designed to discourage exploitation for the reason of preventing taking advantage of
limited by law constrained by legal rules
otherwise instead of that
take advantage of their employees exploit workers
The evidence for this comes from past centuries proof is from the past
Around the beginning of the industrial revolutionwhen the world started to develop technology and industry
it was a common practice in it happened a lot in
protested demonstrate against
fired laid off
even physically harmed maybe hurt their body
Today now
corporations companies
inhumane physical and mental demands on employees cruel expectations on workers
beneficial good
ensures makes sure of
have time for themselves have free time
do not exist not in the real world
poorly defined hard to pinpoint, not exact
instances examples
child labor or long working days kids working or working too long
East Asian countries countries like China, Japan, etc.
little opportunity for an outside life not much of a chance to have free time
strict labor laws strong regulations
possesses has
better quality of life stronger standard of living
overall satisfaction how you feel overall
ramifications for society as a whole effects for everyone
working conditions protect workers the environment keeps employees safe
for that reason thus
essential crucial
enforce make sure the laws are followed
laws they have passed rules put in place / enacted
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
In many countries, i_________________rt_________e to c_________n the number of hours a person can work w_________________y. In my opinion, this law is d__________________________________n and is decidedly positive overall.
The main reason the average workday is l_________________w is that o____________e companies could t_______________________________s. T_____________________________________________s before such laws were passed. A____________________________________________________n, i___________________________n European countries for individuals to work 12 to 16 hours a day. If an employee p_________d then they might be f_____d or e___________________d. T_____y, there are very few countries where c_____________s have the ability to make i____________________________________________________________s.
Limiting a person’s working laws is b___________l to society as it e_________s workers h___________________________s. In countries where these laws d_______________t or are p______________d, there may still be i____________s of c_____________________________________s. For example, in several E_____________________s, factory workers must live and work at their jobs with l______________________________________e. In contrast, in countries with s_______________________s, a person p__________s more time for family, hobbies, and friends. Free time is one way of guaranteeing b_______________________e and o_________________n, benefits which can have r____________________________________e.
In conclusion, laws related to w___________________________________s and f_________________n are positive. It is also e__________l that countries e_________e the l____________________________d.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic by watching from YouTube below and practice with these activities:
What do you like about your job/school at the moment?
What job would you like to do in the future?
Writing Practice
Practice with the related IELTS essay topics below:
Some people say that individuals should change jobs during their working life often while others believe that doing the same job has advantages to individuals, companies, and society.
The map details a town now and a proposed future layout. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that the town has become more industrial and accessible with additional roads though the majority of the town is largely unchanged in terms of the structures.
In the present day, there is an airfield to the northwest which connects to a long street (A2) that runs south. The road contains a roundabout from which another road leads east to bisect a railway line near a gas station. The presented plan would move the roundabout slightly south and the airfield would be replaced by an industrial estate with a new road going directly east to the railway. The railway itself would also be interrupted by a new roundabout near the same gas station.
In the easternmost part of the town, there is currently a town center and built-up area around Ring Road, both of which will be unaltered in the future. The final additions suggested are a new road (A4) going from the town center along the southern edge of the town to connect with A2 in the west. There will also be one further street from the town center that will allow for passage to the east and north of the town.
Analysis
1. The map details a town now and a proposed future layout. 2. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that the town has become more industrial and accessible with additional roads though the majority of the town is largely unchanged in terms of the structures.
Paraphrase what the table shows.
Write a clear overview summarising the differences.
1. In the present day, there is an airfield to the northwest which connects to a long street (A2) that runs south. 2. The road contains a roundabout from which another road leads east to bisect a railway line near a gas station. 3. The presented plan would move the roundabout slightly south and the airfield would be replaced by an industrial estate with a new road going directly east to the railway. 4. The railway itself would also be interrupted by a new roundabout near the same gas station.
Begin writing about the first part of the map.
Make sure you compare as much as possible.
You can describe one map separately or both together.
Don’t leave anything out!
1. In the easternmost part of the town, there is currently a town center and built-up area around Ring Road, both of which will be unaltered in the future. 2. The final additions suggested are a new road (A4) going from the town center along the southern edge of the town to connect with A2 in the west. 3. There will also be one further street from the town center that will allow for passage to the east and north of the town.
Write about the final, other parts of the map – include everything!
Mention anything that has not changed on the map too.
If it is a little long that’s ok, but include everything.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
The map details a town now and a proposed future layout. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that the town has become more industrial and accessible with additional roads though the majority of the town is largely unchanged in terms of the structures.
In the present day, there is an airfield to the northwest which connects to a long street (A2) that runs south. The road contains a roundaboutfrom which another road leads east to bisect a railway line near a gas station. The presented plan would move the roundabout slightly south and the airfield would be replaced by an industrial estate with a new road going directly east to the railway. The railway itself would also be interrupted by a new roundabout near the same gas station.
In the easternmost part of the town, there is currently a town center and built-up area around Ring Road, both of which will be unaltered in the future. The final additions suggested are a new road (A4) going from the town center along the southern edge of the town to connect with A2 in the west. There will also be one further street from the town center that will allow for passage to the east and north of the town.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
details shows
proposed future layout suggested plan
Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that overall
industrial related to making things and industry
accessible able to get there
additional roads extra streets
the majority of the town most of the area
largely unchanged in terms of mostly unchanged concerning
structures buildings
In the present day now
airfield place to land planes
connects joins
runs goes along
roundaboutfrom which rotary by which
bisect a railway line near a gas station cut in half a railroad next to a petrol station
presented shows
slightly a little
replaced by takes the place of
industrial estate place for making things
going directly east to the heading to the right
interrupted by stopped by
In the easternmost part of the town all the way over to the right
both of which the two of them
unaltered unchanged
final additions suggested last alterations in the plan
town center middle of a city
southern edge of the town to connect with bottom part of the city to join with
one further street another road
allow for passage to the make it possible to go to
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
The map d________s a town now and a p________________t. L__________________________________________________t the town has become more i_____________l and a__________e with a_____________s though t_______________________n is l_________________________f the s____________s.
I_____________________y, there is an a________d to the northwest which c_________s to a long street that r____s south. The road contains a r__________________________h another road leads east to b__________________________________n. The p___________d plan would move the roundabout s________y south and the airfield would be r______________y an i_________________e with a new road g____________________________e railway. The railway itself would also be i__________________y a new roundabout near the same gas station.
I___________________________________________n, there is currently a town center and built-up area around Ring Road, b_____________h will be u__________d in the future. The f_________________d are a new road (A4) going from the t______________r along the s___________________________________h A2 in the west. There will also be o____________________t from the town center that will a_________________________e east and north of the town.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic by watching from YouTube below and practice with these activities:
Many today feel that attention spans are becoming shorter due to the prevalence of social media.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Some today have argued that individuals now possess generally shorter attention spans largely as a result of the growth of various social media platforms. In my opinion, though this claim might be slightly overstated, it is true on the whole.
Those who argue that shorter attention spans are not due to social media point out the influence of other new forms of media and technology. The length of a person’s attention span was never a topic of consideration for debate before the onset of the digital age and the development of television, radio, the internet, and so on. The stimulation from these technologies represents unprecedented challenges for humans who have not evolved to live in a digital world. Although modern kinds of media lead to over-stimulation and an addictive craving for more, constant stimulation, social media is merely one distraction among many.
However, social media is the greatest single cause of declining attention spans due to their unique design features. Social media companies have specifically crafted their applications to provide momentary bursts of pleasure. For instance, an application like TikTok is specifically designed to provide a stream of addictive videos under 10 seconds in length. As their algorithm perfects a curated feed for any given user, individuals easily become hooked on short entertainment and their attention spans concomitantly suffer. This is in marked contrast to the focus required to watch a film or listen to a radio broadcast.
In conclusion, I agree social media has caused the average person to struggle with concentration for extended periods due to the manner in which these websites have been constructed. Governments should therefore regulate them in order to mitigate the harms they cause for society as a whole.
Analysis
1. Some today have argued that individuals now possess generally shorter attention spans largely as a result of the growth of various social media platforms. 2. In my opinion, though this claim might be slightly overstated, it is true on the whole.
Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.
1. Those who argue that shorter attention spans are not due to social media point out the influence of other new forms of media and technology. 2. The length of a person’s attention span was never a topic of consideration for debate before the onset of the digital age and the development of television, radio, the internet, and so on. 3. The stimulation from these technologies represents unprecedented challenges for humans who have not evolved to live in a digital world. 4. Although modern kinds of media lead to over-stimulation and an addictive craving for more, constant stimulation, social media is merely one distraction among many.
Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
Explain your main idea.
Develop it with specific or hypothetical examples.
Keep developing it fully.
1. However, social media is the greatest single cause of declining attention spans due to their unique design features. 2. Social media companies have specifically crafted their applications to provide momentary bursts of pleasure. 3. For instance, an application like TikTok is specifically designed to provide a stream of addictive videos under 10 seconds in length. 4. As their algorithm perfects a curated feed for any given user, individuals easily become hooked on short entertainment and their attention spans concomitantly suffer. 5. This is in marked contrast to the focus required to watch a film or listen to a radio broadcast.
Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
Explain your new main idea.
Include specific details and examples.
Add as much information as you can and make sure it links logically.
Finish the paragraph strong.
1. In conclusion, I agree social media has caused the average person to struggle with concentration for extended periods due to the manner in which these websites have been constructed. 2. Governments should therefore regulate them in order to mitigate the harms they cause for society as a whole.
Summarise your main ideas.
Include a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
Some today have argued that individuals now possess generally shorter attention spanslargely as a result of the growth of various social media platforms. In my opinion, though this claim might be slightly overstated, it is true on the whole.
Those who argue that shorter attention spans are not due to social media point out the influence of other new forms of media and technology. The length of a person’s attention span was never a topic of consideration for debate before the onset of the digital age and the development of television, radio, the internet, and so on. The stimulation from these technologies represents unprecedented challenges for humans who have not evolved to live in a digital world. Although modern kinds of media lead to over-stimulation and an addictive craving for more, constant stimulation, social media is merely one distraction among many.
However, social media is the greatest single cause of declining attention spans due to their unique design features. Social media companies have specifically crafted their applications to provide momentary bursts of pleasure. For instance, an application like TikTok is specifically designed to provide a stream of addictive videos under 10 seconds in length. As their algorithm perfects a curated feed for any given user, individuals easily become hooked on short entertainment and their attention spans concomitantly suffer. This is in marked contrast to the focus required to watch a film or listen to a radio broadcast.
In conclusion, I agree social media has caused the average person to struggle with concentration for extended periods due to the manner in which these websites have been constructed. Governments should therefore regulate them in order to mitigate the harms they cause for society as a whole.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
possess have
generally shorter attention spans overall can’t focus for as long on one thing
largely as a result of mostly because of
growth of various social media platforms development of sites like Facebook, Instagram, etc.
claim state
slightly overstated a bit too strong
true on the whole correct overall
point out argue
influence impact
new forms of media and technology different kinds of sites and products
length how long it is
topic of consideration for debate before thing people argued about earlier
onset beginning of
the digital age computers, online, etc.
and so on etc.
stimulation watching things, having your attention held by something
represents unprecedented challenges poses new problems
evolved to live in a digital world adapted to online life
over-stimulation too much too watch, listen to, etc.
addictive craving for can’t stop using something
constant keeps happening
merely one distraction among many just one thing to focus on next to others
greatest single cause of declining one biggest source
unique design features special aspects of the apps
specifically crafted their applications to made their problems to
provide momentary bursts of pleasure give temporary feelings of happiness
application something on your phone, a program
specifically for this particular purpose
stream of addictive videos lots of videos in a row
in length how long they are
algorithm perfects a curated feed for any given user program that chooses the videos you will watch next on an app or a website
hooked on addicted to
concomitantly suffer as a result hurts
This is in marked contrast to totally different compared to
focus required attention needed
broadcast sent out
the average person normal citizen
struggle with concentration for extended periods due to have difficulty focusing
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
Some today have argued that individuals now p____________s g________________________________sl_______________________f the g_________________________________s. In my opinion, though this c___m might be s_____________________d, it is t__________________e.
Those who argue that shorter attention spans are not due to social media p____________t the i________e of other n______________________________y. The l_______h of a person’s attention span was never a t_______________________________________e the o______t of t______________e and the development of television, radio, the internet, a___________n. The s__________________________n from these technologies r_______________________________s for humans who have not e_____________________________d. Although modern kinds of media lead to o______________n and an a________________________r more, c________t stimulation, social media is m_________________________________y.
However, social media is the g_________________________________g attention spans due to their u_________________________________s. Social media companies have s______________________________________o p__________________________________________e. For instance, an a_________n like TikTok is s_____________y designed to provide a s____________________________s under 10 seconds i___________h. As their a_________________________________________________________________r, individuals easily become h____________n short entertainment and their attention spans c__________________r. T_______________________________o the f______________________d to watch a film or listen to a radio b____________t.
In conclusion, I agree social media has caused t_________________________n to s_________________________________________________________________o the m______________________h these websites have been c______________d. Governments should therefore r____________e them in order to m____________e the h________s they cause for s_______________________e.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic by watching from YouTube below and practice with these activities:
The floorplan shows how a building has changed from 1958 to the present day. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that the building has served both commercial and residential purposes with the only area remaining unchanged being the kitchen. At present, the flower shop has a more open layout relative to when it was an apartment and office.
In 1958, the building was used as an office with a meeting room in the top left corner of the floorplan, an assistant’s and secretary’s office below there and a toilet in the bottom left corner. In 1985, the meeting room was extended and turned into a living room and a large bathroom and shower took the place of the offices and toilet. The florist shop contained a gift card room in the top left, above a large open space for flowers and a play area in the bottom left corner.
On the right side, the kitchen in the top corner was unaltered across all iterations of the ground floor. In comparison, there was a manager’s office on the right hand side and a reception area in the bottom corner. These spaces were allocated for bedrooms in the apartment and are now an office and additional space for flowers.
Analysis
1. The floorplan shows how a building has changed from 1958 to the present day. 2. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that the building has served both commercial and residential purposes with the only area remaining unchanged being the kitchen. 3. At present, the flower shop has a more open layout relative to when it was an apartment and office.
Paraphrase what the map shows.
Write a clear overview summarising the differences.
Add a second sentence to make sure everything is covered.
1. In 1958, the building was used as an office with a meeting room in the top left corner of the floorplan, an assistant’s and secretary’s office below there and a toilet in the bottom left corner. 2. In 1985, the meeting room was extended and turned into a living room and a large bathroom and shower took the place of the offices and toilet. 3. The florist shop contained a gift card room in the top left, above a large open space for flowers and a play area in the bottom left corner.
Begin writing about the map.
Make sure you compare as much as possible.
Don’t leave anything out.
1. On the right side, the kitchen in the top corner was unaltered across all iterations of the ground floor. 2. In comparison, there was a manager’s office on the right hand side and a reception area in the bottom corner. 3. These spaces were allocated for bedrooms in the apartment and are now an office and additional space for flowers.
Write about the final, other parts of the map – include everything!
Compare the categories.
Add in everything, even what has not changed.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Take some notes on a piece of paper to aid your memory:
The floorplan shows how a building has changed from 1958 to the present day. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that the building has served both commercial and residential purposes with the only area remaining unchanged being the kitchen. At present, the flower shop has a more open layout relative to when it was an apartment and office.
In 1958, the building was used as an office with a meeting room in the top left corner of the floor, an assistant’s and secretary’s office below there and a toilet in the bottom left corner. In 1985, the meeting room was extended and turned into a living room and a large bathroom and shower took the place of the offices and toilet. The florist shop contained a gift card room in the top left, above a large open space for flowers and a play area in the bottom left corner.
On the right side, the kitchen in the top corner was unaltered across all iterations of the ground floor. In comparison, there was a manager’s office on the right hand side and a reception area in the bottom corner. These spaces were allocated for bedrooms in the apartment and are now an office and additional space for flowers.
Answers
Try to write down or think of an antonym/opposite word for further practice:
floorplan blueprint
from … to the present day starting then up until now
Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that overall
served both commercial and residential purposes was for business and for living
remaining unchanged was not altered
At present now
open layout lots of space
relative to when compared to the time
meeting room place to meet
top left corner northwest
assistant’s people helping out
secretary’s office below assistant’s working space under that
bottom left corner southwest
extended lengthened
turned into transformed into
took the place of replaced
florist shop contained flower shop has
gift cardroom place to sell cards
play area where kid’s can play
unaltered across all iterations of the ground floor didn’t change through the years
In comparison compared to that
manager’s boss’s
on the right hand side to the right
reception area area to get help from a receptionist
Remember and fill in the blanks. Note it on a piece of paper so you can remember better:
The f_________n shows how a building has changed f____m 1958 t_________________y. L______________________________________________________________t the building has s_____________________________________________s with the only area r_____________________d being the kitchen. A_________________t, the flower shop has a more o_____________________________n it was an apartment and office.
In 1958, the building was used as an office with a m_________________m in the t______________r of the floor, an a_______________s and s________________________w there and a toilet in the b__________________r. In 1985, the meeting room was e___________d and t______________o a living room and a large bathroom and shower t___________________f the offices and toilet. The f______________________d a g__________d room in the top left, above a large open space for flowers and a p__________a in the bottom left corner.
On the right side, the kitchen in the top corner was u______________________________________________________r. I_______________n, there was a m___________s office o___________________e and a r_____________a in the bottom corner. These spaces were a______________r bedrooms in the apartment and are now an office and a_______________l space for flowers.
Listening Practice
Listen to the related topic below and practice with these activities:
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