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Dave
IELTS Cambridge 16 Essay: Driverless Vehicles
In the future all cars, buses and trucks will be driverless. The only people travelling inside these vehicles will be passengers.
Do you think the advantages of driverless vehicles outweigh the disadvantages?
A future filled with driverless vehicles is an inevitability. In my opinion, though there are concomitant moral risks, the practical import for health of such a seismic shift will be positive on the whole.
Critics of this trend suggest that machines should not be responsible for the potential loss of human life. This argument rests on the fact that when there is an accident involving humans, it is possible to either assess blame and assign punishment or accept that human error played a role. In contrast, an individual severely injured as the result of a collision caused by a machine may justly feel that all human autonomy and free will is absent from their fate. This is analogous to a natural disaster with the crucial distinction being that humanity has engineered the situation. It is human nature to prefer to control a situation rather than surrender the outcome to an autonomous machine.
Proponents of automated vehicles, on the other hand, argue the tangible ramifications concerning public safety. The evidence overwhelmingly suggests that driverless vehicles cause fewer accidents than humans. The reason for this is that humans are prone to errors related to fatigue, distractions such as smartphones, and, in some cases, altered states. Machines might experience the occasional technical error, however, they are far more consistent by comparison. In fact, the few accidents that have occurred with automated vehicles were the fault of human drivers. If all cars were driverless, this would enable a greater level of sophistication that could, theoretically, all but eliminate automobile accidents.
In conclusion, though many accidents will occur without human agency playing a role, safer roads fully justify this innovation. Companies and consumers must be wary of the influence of automation while also embracing its most transparent benefits.
Analysis
1. A future filled with driverless vehicles is an inevitability. 2. In my opinion, though there are concomitant moral risks, the practical import for health of such a seismic shift will be positive on the whole.
Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.
1. Critics of this trend suggest that machines should not be responsible for the potential loss of human life. 2. This argument rests on the fact that when there is an accident involving humans, it is possible to either assess blame and assign punishment or accept that human error played a role. 3. In contrast, an individual severely injured as the result of a collision caused by a machine may justly feel that all human autonomy and free will is absent from their fate. 4. This is analogous to a natural disaster with the crucial distinction being that humanity has engineered the situation. 5. It is human nature to prefer to control a situation rather than surrender the outcome to an autonomous machine.
Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
Explain your main idea.
Develop it with specific examples/argument.
Vary long and short sentences and switch to a second reason.
Stay focused on the second main idea.
1. Proponents of automated vehicles, on the other hand, argue the tangible ramifications concerning public safety. 2. The evidence overwhelmingly suggests that driverless vehicles cause fewer accidents than humans. 3. The reason for this is that humans are prone to errors related to fatigue, distractions such as smartphones, and, in some cases, altered states. 4. Machines might experience the occasional technical error, however, they are far more consistent by comparison. 5. In fact, the few accidents that have occurred with automated vehicles were the fault of human drivers. 6. If all cars were driverless, this would enable a greater level of sophistication that could, theoretically, all but eliminate automobile accidents.
Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
Explain your new main idea.
Include specific details and examples.
Continue developing it…
as fully as possible!
Conclude with the furthest possible result.
1. In conclusion, though many accidents will occur without human agency playing a role, safer roads fully justify this innovation. 2. Companies and consumers must be wary of the influence of automation while also embracing its most transparent benefits.
Summarise your main ideas.
Include a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
A future filled with driverless vehicles is an inevitability. In my opinion, though there are concomitant moral risks, the practical import for health of such a seismic shift will be positive on the whole.
Critics of this trend suggest that machines should not be responsible for the potential loss of human life. This argument rests on the fact that when there is an accident involving humans, it is possible to either assess blame and assign punishment or accept that human error played a role. In contrast, an individual severely injuredas the result of a collision caused by a machine may justly feel that all human autonomy and free will is absent from their fate. This is analogous to a natural disaster with the crucial distinction being that humanity has engineeredthe situation. It is human nature to prefer to control a situation rather thansurrender the outcome to an autonomous machine.
Proponents of automated vehicles, on the other hand, argue the tangible ramifications concerning public safety. The evidence overwhelmingly suggests that driverless vehicles cause fewer accidents than humans. The reason for this is that humans are prone to errors related to fatigue, distractions such as smartphones, and, in some cases, altered states. Machines might experience the occasional technical error, however, they are far more consistent by comparison. In fact, the few accidents that have occurred with automated vehicles were the fault of human drivers. If all cars were driverless, this would enable a greater level of sophistication that could, theoretically, all but eliminate automobile accidents.
In conclusion, though many accidents will occur without human agency playing a role, safer roads fully justify this innovation. Companies and consumers must be wary of the influence of automation while also embracing its most transparent benefits.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
filled with full of
driverless vehicles cars that drive themselves
inevitability will definitely happen
though despite
concomitant related, coming from this
moral risks ethical considerations
practical import actual impact
seismic shift huge change
positive on the whole good overall
critics detractors
trend pattern
suggest say
responsible have a duty
potential loss possible death
argument rests on the fact that position is based in
involving having to do with
possible potential
either assess blame one option is that you can say who is responsible
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
A future f_____________h d____________________s is an i______________y. In my opinion, t_________h there are c______________t m____________s, the p________________t for health of such a s_____________t will be p__________________e.
C_______s of this t______d s________t that machines should not be r____________e for the p____________s of human life. This a_________________________t when there is an accident i___________g humans, it is p__________e to e__________________e and a__________________t or a_____t that h_____________r p________________e. I_____________t, an individual s_______________da_____________________f a c_________n c___________y a machine may j________y feel that all h________________y and f__________l is a_________t from their f____e. This is a_____________s to a n______________r with the c__________________n being that humanity has e_____________________________n. It is h________________e to p_______r to c________l a situation r___________ns____________r the o_________e to an a______________s machine.
P___________s of a_________________s, o__________________d, a_______e the t________________________s c_____________g p_______________y. The evidence o_________________y suggests that d___________________s cause fewer accidents than humans. The reason for this is that humans are p______e to e_______s related to f_________e, d____________s such as smartphones, and, i_______________s, a_______________s. Machines might experience the o____________l t___________________r, however, they are f______________________________________n. I__________t, the few accidents that have o____________d with automated vehicles were the f_______t of human drivers. If all cars were driverless, this would e________e a g_____________l of s_______________n that could, t______________y, a___________________________________________s.
In conclusion, though many accidents will occur without human agency playing a role, s___________s fully j__________y this i___________n. Companies and consumers must be w____y of the i__________e of automation while also e____________g its m_________________________s.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic in the video below and practice with these activities:
Please consider supporting my efforts to creative high quality IELTS materials for students around the world by signing up for my Patreon (and so you won’t miss out on any of my exclusive IELTS Ebooks)!
The diagram below shows the process for recycling plastic bottles.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
IELTS Cambridge 16: Recycling Plastic Bottles
The diagram detailed above delineates how plastic bottles are recycled. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that this circular process is comprised of 3 main stages including initial collection and sorting, followed by processing and cleaning, and finally reconstitution into a novel material for further usage.
Recycling commences when an individual places their rubbish in a designated recycling bin, prior to being loaded into specialized garbage trucks. After transportation to the recycling center, the plastic bottles are sorted by hand, compressed tightly to form blocks and then crushed into small pieces and washed.
The next stages involve transformation into a reusable material. The pieces of plastic are first poured into a machine that turns them into pellets. These pellets are then heated in order to create a raw material that can be used in the manufacture of products ranging from clothes and bottles to containers and pencils. These items are themselves recyclable and the process begins again.
Analysis
1. The diagram detailed above delineates how plastic bottles are recycled. 2. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that this circular process is comprised of 3 main stages including initial collection and sorting, followed by processing and cleaning, and finally reconstitution into a novel material for further usage.
Paraphrase what the process shows.
Write a clear overview summarising the major groups. Read here about overviews for processes.
1. Recycling commences when an individual places their rubbish in a designated recycling bin, prior to being loaded into specialized garbage trucks. 2. After transportation to the recycling center, the plastic bottles are sorted by hand, compressed tightly to form blocks and then crushed into small pieces and washed.
Begin writing about the details of the process.
This one is tricky to get up to the word count (no longer required on IELTS) so try to make it a little wordy.
1. The next stages involve transformation into a reusable material. 2. The pieces of plastic are first poured into a machine that turns them into pellets. 3. These pellets are then heated in order to create a raw material that can be used in the manufacture of products ranging from clothes and bottles to containers and pencils. 4. These items are themselves recyclable and the process begins again.
Write about the rest of the process – include everything!
Try to paraphrase some of the words from process as well.
Continue with the next steps.
Be sure to mention that this process begins again!
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Take some notes on a piece of paper to aid your memory:
The diagram detailed above delineates how plastic bottles are recycled. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that this circular process is comprised of 3 main stages including initial collection and sorting, followed by processing and cleaning, and finally reconstitution into a novel material for further usage.
Recycling commences when an individualplaces their rubbish in a designated recycling bin, prior to being loaded into specialized garbage trucks. After transportation to the recycling center, the plastic bottles are sorted by hand, compressed tightly to form blocks and then crushed into small pieces and washed.
The next stages involve transformation into a reusable material. The pieces of plastic are first poured into a machine that turns them into pellets. These pellets are then heated in order to create a raw material that can be used in the manufacture of products ranging from clothes and bottles to containers and pencils. These items are themselves recyclable and the process begins again.
Answers
Try to write down or think of an antonym/opposite word for further practice:
diagram detailed above process described
delineates shows
recycled used again, reused
Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that overall
circular process loop, starts again, feeds back into itself
comprised of including
including entailing
initial collection first finding
sorting putting into groups
followed by after that
processing being made
cleaning making clean
reconstitution remade as something new
novel material new substance
further usage used again
commences begins with
individual person
places puts
rubbish trash
designated recycling bin container for recycling
prior to before
loaded into specialized garbage trucks put in trucks for recycling only
The d________________________e d___________s how plastic bottles are r___________d. L________________________________________________________t this c_____________________s is c________________f 3 main stages i_____________g i______________________n and s_________g, f_________________y p____________g and c__________g, and finally r_________________n into a n_______________l for f______________e.
Recycling c______________s when an i____________lp_______s their r________h in a d_______________________n, p__________o being l_________________________________________s. After t______________n to the r___________________r, the plastic bottles are s__________________d, c_____________________y to f________________s and then c___________d into small pieces and w__________d.
The next stages i___________e transformation into a r__________________l. The p_________________c are first p________d into a machine that t______s them into p__________s. These pellets are then h________d i__________o create a r___________________l that can be used in the m________________e of products r______________m clothes a__d bottles t__ containers a__d pencils. These it_____s are themselves r__________e and the process b_____________n.
Listening Practice
Listen to the related topic below and practice with these activities:
This is an IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay on the topic of the history of a house or building and why people are interested in researching this.
Please consider supporting me on Patreon.com/howtodoielts to receive my exclusive IELTS Ebooks – you can even sign up for private live lessons with me!
Dave
IELTS Essay: History of a House or Building
In numerous countries, more and more people are intrigued in the concept of researching the history or past of the where they now live.
Why is this?
What can people do to do this kind of research?
There is a growing trend whereby residents are researching the history of their homes. In my opinion, this is due to a natural curiosity and practical concerns and should be done through official channels.
Many are interested in the past of their home because they desire to link with history and are worried about potential structural faults. The first reason is analogous to exhaustively studying family genealogy. By researching one’s ancestors or place of residence, it is possible to understand and establish a connection with the past. Moreover, there is a pragmatic reason related to historical, construction methods. Older homes in particular may have employed unsafe techniques or materials that will degrade, creating the risk of structural damage and, in the worst cases, collapses. By learning about the house and period when it was built, residents can take the necessary steps to ensure the house is structurally sound.
The method for carrying out such specialized research involves requesting local records. It is possible to do initial research through “word of mouth” and collecting relevant stories in a community. However, this information may be unreliable, and therefore an individual should endeavor to contact their local building authorities. In most countries, it is possible to register a freedom of information request and receive the required documents from municipal offices. Governments have little incentive to protect such information and are likely to be receptive and helpful in offering assistance. Residents can then be assured they have the most trustworthy information possible in order to better understand the history of their home and any possible defects in its construction.
To conclude, some today gather information concerning the history of their home to understand the past and guarantee their safety. This development is advisable and the authorities should comply and encourage such fact-finding.
Analysis
1. There is a growing trend whereby residents are researching the history of their homes. 2. In my opinion, this is due to a natural curiosity and practical concerns and should be done through official channels.
Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.
1. Many are interested in the past of their home because they desire to link with history and are worried about potential structural faults. 2. The first reason is analogous to exhaustively studying family genealogy. 3. By researching one’s ancestors or place of residence, it is possible to understand and establish a connection with the past. 4. Moreover, there is a pragmatic reason related to historical construction methods. 5. Older homes in particular may have employed unsafe techniques or materials that will degrade, creating the risk of structural damage and, in the worst cases, collapses. 6. By learning about the house and period when it was built, residents can take the necessary steps to ensure the house is structurally sound.
Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
Explain your main idea.
Develop it with specific examples/argument.
Vary long and short sentences and switch to a second reason.
Stay focused on the second main idea.
Finish with a strong statement.
1. The method for carrying out such specialized research involves requesting local records. 2. It is possible to do initial research through “word of mouth” and collecting relevant stories in a community. 3. However, this information may be unreliable, and therefore an individual should endeavor to contact their local building authorities. 4. In most countries, it is possible to register a freedom of information request and receive the required documents from municipal offices. 5. Governments have little incentive to protect such information and are likely to be receptive and helpful in offering assistance. 6. Residents can then be assured they have the most trustworthy information possible in order to better understand the history of their home and any possible defects in its construction.
Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
Explain your new main idea.
Include specific details and examples.
Continue developing it…
as fully as possible!
Relate it back to the main essay topic.
1. To conclude, some today gather information concerning the history of their home to understand the past and guarantee their safety. 2. This development is advisable and the authorities should comply and encourage such fact-finding.
Summarise your main ideas.
Include a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
There is a growing trendwhereby residents are researching the history of their homes. In my opinion, this is due to a natural curiosity and practical concerns and should be done through official channels.
Many are interested in the past of their home because they desire to link with history and are worried about potential structural faults. The first reason is analogous to exhaustively studying family genealogy. By researching one’s ancestors or place of residence, it is possible to understand and establish a connection with the past. Moreover, there is a pragmatic reasonrelated to historical construction methods. Older homes in particular may have employed unsafe techniques or materials that will degrade, creating the risk of structural damage and, in the worst cases, collapses. By learning about the house and period when it was built, residents can take the necessary steps to ensure the house is structurally sound.
The method for carrying out such specialized research involves requesting local records. It is possible to do initial research through “word of mouth” and collecting relevant stories in a community. However, this information may be unreliable, and therefore an individual should endeavor to contact their local building authorities. In most countries, it is possible to register a freedom of information request and receive the required documents from municipal offices. Governments have little incentive to protect such information and are likely to be receptive and helpful in offering assistance. Residents can then be assured they have the most trustworthy information possible in order to better understand the history of their home and any possible defects in its construction.
To conclude, some today gather informationconcerning the history of their home to understand the past and guarantee their safety. This development is advisable and the authorities should comply and encourage such fact-finding.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
growing trend increasingly common
whereby in which
residents people who live there
researching learning about
history past
due to because of
natural curiosity normal desire
practical concerns pragmatic worries
official channels through the government
desire want
link connection
worried about concerned about
potential structural faults possible weaknesses in a house or building
analogous same situation
exhaustively completely
genealogy history of a family
ancestors people from the past
place of residence where they live
understand recognize
establish create/find
connection link
pragmatic reason useful cause
related to concerning
construction methods how it was built
employed unsafe techniques use ways that are dangerous
materials substances
risk threat
structural damage weakness in the building itself
in the worst cases in extreme scenarios
collapses falls in on itself
period time
take the necessary steps do the needed actions
ensure make sure
structurally sound not weak in any way
method way
carrying out conducting
specialized research very specific research
requesting local records asking for files
initial first
“word of mouth” what people say
collecting finding
community neighborhood
unreliable untrustworthy
endeavor try
contact talk to
authorities those in charge
possible feasible
register submit
freedom of information request asking to find out something that is public record
receive get
required documents needed files
municipal offices government buildings
little incentive no reason
protect safeguard
receptive welcoming
offering assistance helping
assured can be sure of
trustworthy information reliable data
possible potential
defects weaknesses
gather informationconcerning find information about
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
There is a g__________________dw__________y r___________s are r__________g the h_________y of their homes. In my opinion, this is d_______o a n_________________y and p_______________s and should be done through o___________________s.
Many are interested in the past of their home because they d________e to l______k with history and are w______________t p______________________________s. The first reason is a____________s to e______________y studying family g____________y. By researching one’s a___________s or p_________________e, it is possible to u______________d and e___________h a c____________n with the past. Moreover, there is a p___________________nr_____________o historical c_______________________s. Older homes in particular may have e________________________s or m____________s that will degrade, creating the r_____k of s________________________e and, i____________________s, c_____________s. By learning about the house and p________d when it was built, residents can t_________________________s to e__________e the house is s____________________d.
The m_________d for c_______________t such s___________________h involves r___________________s. It is possible to do i__________l research through “w____________________h” and c____________g relevant stories in a c________________y. However, this information may be u_____________e, and therefore an individual should e___________r to c________t their local building a______________s. In most countries, it is p_________e to r________r a f_______________________________t and r______e the r_________________s from m__________________s. Governments have l__________________e to p__________t such information and are likely to be r__________e and helpful in o_____________________e. Residents can then be a__________d they have the most t_____________________________e in order to better understand the history of their home and any possible d________s in its construction.
To conclude, some today g__________________________________g the history of their home to understand the past and guarantee their safety. This d______________t is a___________e and the authorities should c________y and e____________e such f______________g.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic in the video below and practice with these activities:
Which country’s history is most interesting to you?
Which historical event or period do you find most interesting?
Why is it important to read about history?
Is it common in your country to research the history of your home?
Writing Practice
Practice with the same basic topic below:
Some people say history is one the most important school subjects. Other people think that, in today’s world, subjects like science and technology are more important than history.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
Please consider supporting my efforts to creative high quality IELTS materials for students around the world by signing up for my Patreon (and so you won’t miss out on any of my exclusive IELTS Ebooks)!
Dave
IELTS Essay Task 1: Sugar Cane
The diagram below shows the manufacturing process for making sugar from sugar cane.
The process shows how sugar is made from the sugar cane plant. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that this natural and man-made process involves 3 main stages beginning with initial harvesting, followed by a chemical transformation, and finally separation into the end product of sugar.
The first stage is natural and begins with sugar cane being grown over a 12 – 18 month period. The mature plant is then harvested either by hand or large, industrial farming machinery. From that point, the stalks are crushed in a grinder which results in raw sugar cane juice.
The juice is then run through a limestone filter and poured into an evaporator during which time it is heated, reduced and becomes a syrup. The syrup is next separated from the sugar crystals using a centrifuge prior to being dried and cooled in its final form as sugar.
Analysis
1. The process shows how sugar is made from the sugar cane plant. 2. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that this natural and man-made process involves 3 main stages beginning with initial harvesting, followed by a chemical transformation, and finally separation into the end product of sugar.
Paraphrase what the process shows.
Write a clear overview summarising the major groups. Read here about overviews for processes.
1. The first stage is natural and begins with sugar cane being grown over a 12 – 18 month period. 2. The mature plant is then harvested either by hand or large, industrial farming machinery. 3. From that point, the stalks are crushed in a grinder which results in raw sugar cane juice.
Begin writing about the details of the process.
This one is tricky to get up to the word count (no longer required on IELTS) so try to make it a little wordy.
Make sure all steps are detailed in the process.
1. The juice is then run through a limestone filter and poured into an evaporator during which time it is heated, reduced and becomes a syrup. 2. The syrup is next separated from the sugar crystals using a centrifuge prior to being dried and cooled in its final form as sugar.
Write about the rest of the process – include everything!
Try to paraphrase some of the words from process as well.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Take some notes on a piece of paper to aid your memory:
The process shows how sugar is made from the sugar cane plant. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that this natural and man-made process involves 3 main stages beginning withinitial harvesting, followed by a chemical transformation, and finally separation into the end product of sugar.
The first stage is natural and begins with sugar cane being grown over a 12 – 18 month period. The mature plant is then harvested either by hand or large, industrial farming machinery. From that point, the stalks are crushed in a grinder which results inraw sugar cane juice.
The juice is then run through a limestone filter and poured into an evaporator during which time it is heated, reduced and becomes a syrup. The syrup is next separated from the sugar crystals using a centrifuge prior to being dried and cooled in its final form as sugar.
Answers
Try to write down or think of an antonym/opposite word for further practice:
process diagram
made from comes from
sugar cane plant the plant that is used to make sugar
Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that overall
natural from nature
man-made not natural
involves concerns
main primary
beginning with starting with
initial harvesting first being picked
followed by after that
chemical transformation turned to a new substance
finally separation lastly divided
end product final item
first stage initial step
grown over a 12 – 18 month period gets bigger over a year+
either one or the other
industrial farming machinery big machines to cut crops
from that point after that
stalks the plant
crushed ground
grinder crushing machine
results inraw produces pure
run through placed in
limestone filter method of cleaning it
poured into put into
evaporator heats and some of the liquid disappears
The p________s shows how sugar is m___________m the s________________t. L________________________________________________________t this n______l and m__________e process i_________s 3 m______n stages b_______________hi________l h______________g, f_______________y a c_________________________n, and f________________________n into the e______________t of sugar.
The f_____________e is natural and begins with sugar cane being g________________________________d. The mature plant is then harvested e_________r by hand or large, i________________________________y. F__________________t, the s__________s are c__________d in a g__________r which r__________nr____w sugar cane juice.
The juice is then r_______________h a l__________________r and p______________o an e_______________r d__________________e it is h_________d, r__________d and becomes a s______p. The syrup is n_____t separated from the s________________s using a c___________e p________o being d______d and c__________d in its f____________m as sugar.
Speaking Practice
Practice with the following related questions from the real IELTS speaking exam:
Sweets
Do you like sweets?
Did you like sweets when you were younger?
What kind of sweet foods are popular in your country?
Writing Practice
Practice with the related process below and then check with my sample answer:
This is an IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay from the newly released Cambridge 16 on the topic of businesses nowadays emphasising that their products are new in some way.
Please consider supporting me on Patreon.com/howtodoielts to receive my exclusive IELTS Ebooks – you can even sign up for private live lessons with me!
Dave
IELTS Cambridge 16 Essay: Advertising New Products
In their advertising, businesses nowadays usually emphasise that their products are new in some way.
Why is this? Do you think it is a positive or negative development?
It is becoming increasingly common for companies to place focus on the novelty of their products. In my opinion, this has its basis in the psychology of consumer behavior and is generally a negative development.
The reason many marketing departments present products as new is they are hoping to incentivize increased consumer demand. One of the chief principles of business is that products must meet a real consumer need and, ideally, be unique in some way. For example, advertising for the electronic vehicles made by Tesla highlights that they are different from traditional automobiles and this offers novel benefits for the environment and the individual motorist. This strategy created a niche in the automotive industry that they eventually expanded to become one of the largest companies in the world. It follows that every business attempts to present their products as new to inspire interest and compel demand.
There are exceptions, as in the case of Tesla mentioned above, however, this trend generally leads to disingenuous ads and consumer fatigue. Most companies framing their products as new in some aspect are actually attempting to mislead the public. This is often the case with soft drink companies like Coca Cola and Pepsi that regularly rebrand their bottles and cans to give the appearance of novelty. These tactics are recognizably dishonest and audiences are rarely convinced. In fact, the net effect is that consumers become tired of watching ads for familiar products pretending to be innovative. For many customers this leads to a growing feeling of apathy and disinterest towards the exploitive methods of advertisers.
In conclusion, the reason businesses often present their products as new lies in the importance of consumer psychology and the cynical impact this has in the aggregate is negative. More savvy companies often eschew this trend and produce honest advertisements.
Analysis
1. It is becoming increasingly common for companies to place focus on the novelty of their products. 2. In my opinion, this has its basis in the psychology of consumer behavior and is generally a negative development.
Paraphrase the overall essay topic.
Write a clear opinion. Read more about introductions here.
1. The reason many marketing departments present products as new is they are hoping to incentivize increased consumer demand. 2. One of the chief principles of business is that products must meet a real consumer need and, ideally, be unique in some way. 3. For example, advertising for the electronic vehicles made by Tesla highlights that they are different from traditional automobiles and this offers novel benefits for the environment and the individual motorist. 4. This strategy created a niche in the automotive industry that they eventually expanded to become one of the largest companies in the world. 5. It follows that every business attempts to present their products as new to inspire interest and compel demand.
Write a topic sentence with a clear main idea at the end.
Explain your main idea.
Develop it with specific examples.
Keep developing it fully.
Stay focused on the same main idea.
1. There are exceptions, as in the case of Tesla mentioned above, however, this trend generally leads to disingenuous ads and consumer fatigue. 2. Most companies framing their products as new in some aspect are actually attempting to mislead the public. 3. This is often the case with soft drink companies like Coca Cola and Pepsi that regularly rebrand their bottles and cans to give the appearance of novelty. 4. These tactics are recognizably dishonest and audiences are rarely convinced. 5. In fact, the net effect is that consumers become tired of watching ads for familiar products pretending to be innovative. 6. For many customers this leads to a growing feeling of apathy and disinterest towards the exploitive methods of advertisers.
Write a new topic sentence with a new main idea at the end.
Explain your new main idea.
Include specific details and examples.
Continue developing it…
as fully as possible!
Detail the full result of this.
1. In conclusion, the reason businesses often present their products as new lies in the importance of consumer psychology and the cynical impact this has in the aggregate is negative. 2. More savvy companies often eschew this trend and produce honest advertisements.
Summarise your main ideas.
Include a final thought. Read more about conclusions here.
Vocabulary
What do the words in bold below mean?Make some notes on paper to aid memory and then check below.
It is becoming increasingly common for companies to place focus on the novelty of their products. In my opinion, this has its basis in the psychology of consumer behavior and is generally a negative development.
The reason many marketing departments present products as new is they are hoping to incentivize increased consumer demand. One of the chief principles of business is that products must meet a real consumer need and, ideally, be unique in some way. For example, advertising for the electronic vehicles made by Tesla highlights that they are different from traditional automobiles and this offers novel benefits for the environment and the individual motorist. This strategy created a niche in the automotive industry that they eventually expanded to become one of the largest companies in the world. It follows that every business attempts to present their products as new to inspire interest and compel demand.
There are exceptions, as in the case of Tesla mentioned above, however, this trend generally leads to disingenuous ads and consumer fatigue. Most companies framing their products as new in some aspect are actuallyattempting to mislead the public. This is often the case with soft drink companies like Coca Cola and Pepsi that regularly rebrand their bottles and cans to give the appearance of novelty. These tactics are recognizably dishonest and audiences are rarely convinced. In fact, the net effect is that consumers become tired of watching ads for familiar products pretending to be innovative. For many customers this leads to a growing feeling of apathy and disinterest towards the exploitive methods of advertisers.
In conclusion, the reason businesses often present their products as new lies in the importance of consumer psychology and the cynical impact this has in theaggregate is negative. More savvy companies often eschew this trend and produce honest advertisements.
Answers
For extra practice, write an antonym (opposite word) on a piece of paper to help you remember the new vocabulary:
increasingly common more and more pervasive
place focus highlight
novelty newness
products items
basis foundation
psychology how people think
consumer behavior how consumers make decisions
generally overall
marketing advertising
present show
hoping wanting
incentivize give a reason to do something
consumer demand people wanting to buy something
chief principles of business main tenets of business
meet a real consumer need address an actual desire
ideally in a perfect world
unique different and special
electronic vehicles cars that don’t run on gas/oil
highlights focuses on
traditional automobiles normal cars
offers novel benefits provides new advantages
environment nature
motorist person who drives
strategy tactic
niche small market
automotive industry car companies
eventually expanded at some point grew
largest biggest
follows naturally makes sense that
attempts tries
inspire interest make people care
compel demand make people buy
exceptions outliers
as in the case of for example
mentioned above written about before
trend pattern
leads to disingenuous ads causes ads that are dishonest
consumer fatigue people getting tired of it
framing contextualizing
new in some aspect novel in some way
actuallyattempting in fact trying
mislead lie
public people in general
This is often the case with soft drink happens a lot with soda companies
I recommend getting a pencil and piece of paper because that aids memory. Then write down the missing vocabulary from my sample answer in your notebook:
It is becoming i_______________________n for companies to p______________s on the n__________y of their p____________s. In my opinion, this has its b______s in the p_____________y of c_________________________r and is g___________y a negative development.
The reason many m_____________g departments p_________t products as new is they are h__________g to i______________e increased c__________________d. One of the c_______________________s is that products must m__________________________d and, i__________y, be u__________e in some way. For example, advertising for the e_________________________s made by Tesla h____________s that they are different from t_________________________s and this o_____________________s for the e_________________t and the individual m____________t. This s_____________y created a n______e in the a_________________________y that they e______________________d to become one of the l___________t companies in the world. It f___________s that every business a____________s to present their products as new to i__________________t and c________________d.
There are e_______________s, a_____________________f Tesla m_________________e, however, this t________d generally l____________________________s and c___________________e. Most companies f___________g their products as n_____________________t are a_____________________________g to m_________d the p___________c. T_________________________________h s___________k companies like Coca Cola and Pepsi that r____________y r____________d their bottles and cans to g___________________________________________y. These t________s are r________________________________t and a_____________s are r__________________d. I_________t, the n__________t is that consumers become t________d of watching ads for f______________r products p_____________g to be i________________e. For many customers this l_______o a g______________g of a________y and d_____________t towards the e____________________s of a_____________s.
In conclusion, the reason businesses often present their products as new l_________n the importance of consumer psychology and the c______________t this has i_______________e is negative. More s________y companies often e________w this trend and p____________e honest advertisements.
Listening Practice
Learn more about this topic in the video below and practice with these activities:
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